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‫الجوار‬ ‫لمنطقة‬ ‫والمحاسبة‬ ‫المالية‬ ‫للرقابة‬ ‫العليا‬ ‫لألجهزة‬ ‫اإلقليمي‬ ‫المؤتمر‬
‫الجنوبية‬ ‫األوروبي‬
‫والمحاسبة‬ ‫المالية‬ ‫للرقابة‬ ‫األعلى‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬
‫نموذجية‬ ‫مؤسسة‬‫حتذى‬ُ‫ي‬‫بها‬
Lech Marcinkowski, SIGMA
‫ليش‬‫مارشينكوفسكي‬،”‫سيغما‬“
20،‫جوان‬2018
‫التونسية‬ ‫الجمهورية‬ ،‫تونس‬
‫نموذجية‬ ‫مؤسسة‬
•‫على‬‫األجهزة‬‫العليا‬‫للرقابة‬‫المالية‬‫والمحاسبة‬‫أن‬‫تثبت‬‫أ‬‫ها‬ّ‫ن‬
ّّ‫تستحق‬،‫االستقاللية‬‫كونها‬‫مؤسسة‬‫نموذجية‬
o“‫لن‬‫تستحق‬‫األجهزة‬‫الثقة‬‫ما‬‫لم‬‫تكن‬‫هي‬‫في‬‫حد‬‫ذاته‬‫ا‬‫نظر‬ُ‫ي‬
‫إليها‬‫باعتبارها‬‫ذات‬‫مصداقية‬‫وكفاءة‬‫واستقاللية‬‫وخاض‬‫عة‬
‫للمساءلة‬‫بشأن‬‫أعمالها‬.‫ولكي‬‫أ‬‫يتهي‬‫لها‬،‫ذلك‬‫ينبغي‬‫أ‬‫ن‬
‫تكون‬‫مؤسسات‬‫نموذجية‬.“(‫المعيار‬‫الدولي‬12)
•‫المعايير‬‫الدولية‬(ISSAIs):1‫و‬10‫و‬11‫و‬12‫و‬20‫و‬21
‫و‬30‫و‬40–‫مبادئ‬‫المراجعة‬‫األساسية‬
1
2
‫والمساءلة‬ ‫الشفافية‬ ‫عات‬‫توق‬
•,‫إعالن‬‫واليتها‬‫ومسؤولياتها‬‫ومهمتها‬‫وإستراتيجيتها‬‫للعم‬‫وم‬
•‫تطبيق‬‫معايير‬‫عالية‬‫للنزاهة‬‫واألخالقيات‬‫المهنية‬‫لموظف‬‫يها‬‫في‬
‫كافة‬‫المستويات‬
•‫إدارة‬‫العمليات‬‫على‬‫نحو‬‫ّز‬‫ي‬‫يتم‬‫باالقتصادية‬‫والفعالية‬‫والكفاءة‬،
‫ووفقا‬‫للقوانين‬،‫والتنظيمات‬‫واإلبالغ‬‫العلني‬‫عن‬‫هذه‬‫المس‬‫ائل‬
•‫الخضوع‬‫لمراقبة‬‫خارجية‬،‫مستقلة‬‫بما‬‫فيها‬‫المراجعة‬‫الخار‬‫جية‬
،‫لعملياتها‬‫وإتاحة‬‫التقارير‬‫المنبثقة‬‫عن‬‫ذلك‬‫للجهات‬‫ذات‬
‫المصلحة‬(‫الجهات‬‫المعنية‬)
3
‫وأداؤه‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫تخطيط‬
•‫هل‬‫يتشاور‬‫الجهاز‬‫ويصدر‬‫للعموم‬‫خطته‬‫اإلستراتيجية‬‫وخ‬‫طته‬
‫العملياتية‬(‫التشغيلية‬)‫السنوية‬‫؟‬
•‫هل‬ّّ‫د‬ِ‫ع‬ُ‫ي‬‫الجهاز‬‫وينشر‬‫تقريرا‬‫سنويا‬‫بشأن‬‫أدائه‬(‫تق‬‫رير‬‫النشاط‬)‫؟‬
o‫مؤشرات‬‫أداء‬‫رئيسة‬
o‫بيانات‬‫مالية‬‫سنوية‬/‫تقرير‬‫مالي‬‫سنوي‬
o‫استطالع‬‫اآلراء‬‫الخارجية‬‫بشأن‬،‫الجهاز‬‫على‬‫غرار‬‫مشاورة‬‫على‬‫شبكة‬،‫الويب‬‫أو‬
‫استقصاء‬‫مدى‬‫رضى‬‫الجهات‬‫ذات‬‫المصلحة‬
•‫هل‬‫يخضع‬‫الجهاز‬‫لمراقبة‬‫خارجية‬‫؟‬
o‫مراجعة‬‫خارجية‬‫للبيانات‬‫المالية‬/‫التقرير‬،‫المالي‬‫ومؤشرات‬‫األداء‬‫الرئيسة‬
o‫إصدار‬‫النتائج‬‫الرقابية‬‫للعموم‬
4
‫والجودة‬ ‫األداء‬ ‫مراجعة‬
•‫هل‬‫للجهاز‬‫مراجعة‬‫دورية‬‫مستقلة‬‫؟‬
o‫على‬‫غرار‬”‫المراجعة‬‫من‬‫قبل‬‫النظراء‬“
•‫هل‬‫يوجد‬‫مراجعة‬‫خارجية‬‫دورية‬‫إلطار‬‫مراقبة‬‫الجودة‬‫؟‬
o‫أي‬‫من‬‫حيث‬‫فعالية‬‫التصميم‬‫واألداء‬
•‫هل‬ّّ‫م‬‫يت‬‫نشر‬‫المراجعات‬‫الداخلية‬/‫الخارجية‬‫للجودة‬‫؟‬
o‫مواقع‬‫الويب‬
o‫تقارير‬‫سنوية‬
5
‫المهنية‬ ‫األخالقيات‬
•‫هل‬‫يلتزم‬‫الجهاز‬‫بسلوك‬‫يراعي‬‫أخالقيات‬‫المهنة‬‫؟‬
•‫هل‬‫لدى‬‫الجهاز‬‫نة‬ ّ‫مدو‬‫األخالق‬‫المهنية‬/‫نة‬ ّ‫مدو‬‫سلوك‬‫؟‬
o‫هل‬‫لدى‬‫الجهاز‬‫رف‬ُ‫ع‬‫سنوي‬‫لتأكيد‬‫االلتزام‬‫نة‬ ّ‫بمدو‬‫األخالق‬‫المهنية‬/‫نة‬ ّ‫مدو‬‫ا‬‫لسلوك‬
o‫هل‬‫لدى‬‫الجهاز‬‫رف‬ُ‫ع‬‫لبيان‬‫تضارب‬‫المصالح‬‫بالنسبة‬‫إلى‬ّّ‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ة‬ّ‫م‬‫مه‬‫رقابي‬‫ة‬‫؟‬
•‫هل‬‫يقوم‬‫الجهاز‬‫برفع‬‫الوعي‬‫لدى‬‫موظفيه‬‫؟‬
o‫تعريف‬‫الموظفين‬‫الجدد‬
o‫تحديث‬(‫تحيين‬)‫سنوي‬/‫دوري‬‫لكافة‬‫الموظفين‬
o‫أداة‬‫المنظمة‬‫الدولية‬‫لألجهزة‬‫العليا‬‫للرقابة‬‫المالية‬‫والمحاسبة‬‫المتصلة‬‫بتق‬‫ييم‬‫النزاهة‬
(IntoSAINT)
6
‫الرقابية‬ ‫النتائج‬ ‫عن‬ ‫اإلبالغ‬
•‫هل‬ّّ‫أن‬‫تقارير‬‫نتائجكم‬‫الرقابية‬‫تنشر‬‫للعموم‬‫؟‬
o‫موقع‬‫الويب‬
o‫تقارير‬‫موجزة‬
•‫هل‬ّّ‫م‬‫يت‬‫تنفيذ‬‫توصياتكم‬‫؟‬
o‫تقارير‬‫متابعة‬
o‫أنظمة‬‫رصد‬
•ّ‫قواعدّبيانات‬/‫أنظمةّإلكترونية‬
•ّ‫بعضّالبلدانّتنشرّالتوصياتّللعموم‬
•‫هل‬‫يعمل‬‫الجهاز‬‫مع‬‫البرلمان‬‫والجهات‬‫ذات‬‫المصلحة‬‫؟‬
(‫يكونّهذاّالجزءّموضوعّمداخلةّيومّالغد‬)
7
•‫هل‬ّّ‫أن‬‫جهازكم‬‫مؤسسة‬‫نموذجية‬‫؟‬
•‫هل‬‫ل‬ّ‫ث‬‫يم‬‫دوة‬ُ‫ق‬‫للغير‬‫؟‬
8

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Presentation by L. Marcinkowski, SIGMA (Arabic), Regional Conference for Supreme Audit Institutions of the European Neighbourhood South Region, June 2018

Editor's Notes

  1. The notion of transparency refers to the SAI’s timely, reliable, clear and relevant public reporting on its status, mandate, strategy, activities, financial management, operations and performance. In addition, it includes the obligation of public reporting on audit findings and conclusions and public access to information about the SAI. SAIs publish (on website) a variety of information to demonstrate transparency Organisational structure Senior management travel/hospitality expenses Senior management remuneration Senior Management register of interests Environmental Impact reports Payments to suppliers over a certain threshold Contracts awarded over a certain threshold Audit quality reports SAI’s Financial statements are audited and public SAIs make public what their total budget is and report on the origin of their financial resources and how those resources are used. SAIs measure and report on the efficiency and effectiveness with which they use their funds. SAIs assess and report on their operations and performance in all areas SAIs may also use audit committees (with majority of independent members)
  2. Consultation on and publication of strategic and annual work plan Publication of annual performance (activity) report Key performance indictors Annual financial statement/report External feedback such as website consultations, stakeholders satisfaction surveys Independent external scrutiny External audit of the financial statement/report and the KPIs Results of audit made public Planning ISSAI 12 principle 8 should make pubic its strategy ISSAI 20 Principle 3 SAIs communicate the scope of audit activities that they undertake under their mandate Good practices – consultation and publication on strategic and annual plans Performance reporting Annual performance (activity) reports used to Demonstrate managing operations economically, efficiently, effectively and in accordance with laws and regulations and reports publicly on these matters ISSAI 20 Principle 6 SAIs assess and report on their operations and performance in all areas SAIs measure and report on the efficiency and effectiveness with which they use their funds SAIs may use performance indicators to assess the value of audit work for Parliament, citizens and other stakeholders SAIs follow up their public visibility, outcomes and impact through external feedback Annual Financial Statement ISSAI 20 Principle 6 SAIs make public what their total budget is and report on the origin of their financial resources (parliamentary appropriation, general budget, ministry of finances, agencies, fees) and how those resources are used. SAIs measure and report on the efficiency and effectiveness with which they use their funds Who audits the auditors ISSAI 12 - SAIs should be subject to independent external scrutiny, including external audit of their operations, and make available these reports to stakeholders. ISSAI 20 Principle 6 - SAIs’ financial statements are made public and are subject to external independent audit or parliamentary review Many SAIs have performance indicators. Some SAIs have dedicated public reports on this topic. Some performance indicators used: Number of performance reports Rate of SAIs audit plan execution Rate at which recommendations are implemented Financial/non-financial benefits resulting from SAI’s recommendations implemented Number of testimonies/presentations before Parliament/Congress Timeliness of audit report finalisation A number of SAIs use external feedback such as website consultations, stakeholders satisfaction surveys, media coverage. - SAIs employ sound management practices, including appropriate internal controls over its financial management and operations. This may include internal audits and other measures. - SAIs’ financial statements are made public and are subject to external independent audit or parliamentary review. - SAIs assess and report on their operations and performance in all areas, such as financial audit, compliance audit, jurisdictional activities (SAIs constituted as Courts), performance audit, programme evaluation and conclusions regarding government activities. - SAIs maintain and develop skills and competencies needed to perform the work to achieve their mission and meet their responsibilities. - SAIs make public what their total budget is and report on the origin of their financial resources (parliamentary appropriation, general budget, ministry of finances, agencies, fees) and how those resources are used. - SAIs measure and report on the efficiency and effectiveness with which they use their funds. - SAIs may also use audit committees, made up of a majority of independent members, to review and provide input to their financial management and reporting processes. - SAIs may use performance indicators to assess the value of audit work for Parliament, citizens and other stakeholders. - SAIs follow up their public visibility, outcomes and impact through external feedback.
  3. ISSAI 12 Principle 9.2 SAIs should periodically submit their performance to independent review, for example peer review A number of SAIs have been subject to peer reviews and the results have been posted on their websites. ISSAI 12 Principle 11.6 SAIs should establish a monitoring process that ensures that the SAI’s system of quality control, including its quality assurance process, is relevant, adequate and operating effectively. ISSAI 20 Principle 4 SAIs should implement an appropriate system of quality assurance over their audit activities and reporting and subject such system to periodic independent assessment to ensure that their quality management framework is suitably designed and operating effectively SAIs also conduct internal reviews of their audits. A good practice some SAIs employ is to publish the results of internal/external quality reviews on their websites, in their annual reports or a report on quality ISSAI 20 Principle 9 SAIs publicly report the results of peer reviews and independent external assessments
  4.  IntoSAINT, a tool to assess the vulnerabilities and the maturity of the integrity controls of SAIs and to strengthen integrity in SAIs. Once the SAI sets the example, the focus can shift to integrity of the public sector of the SAI’s country.
  5. ISSAI 20 Principle 7: SAIs report publicly on the results of their audits and on their conclusions regarding overall government activities. - SAIs make public their conclusions and recommendations resulting from the audits unless they are considered confidential by special laws and regulations. SAIs report on the follow up measures taken with respect to their recommendations SAIs also report publicly on overall audit outcomes, e.g. the government’s overall budget implementation, financial condition and operations and, overall financial management progress Reports published when submitted to Parliament, President or other appropriate body Example sof SAIs providing high level summary reports to make more undrerstandble ISSAI 20 Principle 8: SAIs communicate timely and widely on their activities and audit results through the media, websites and by other means. - SAIs communicate openly with the media or other interested parties on their operations and audit results and are visible in the public arena. SAIs encourage public and academic SAI reports are available and understandable to the wide public through various means (e.g. summaries, graphics, video presentations, press releases). interest in their most important conclusions