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Ron Malone
What is Autism?
• Autism is a complex disorder of brain development
characterized by:
–
–
–
–
–
–

Difficulties in social interaction
Difficulties in verbal and nonverbal communication
Repetitive behaviors
Intellectual Disability
Difficulties in motor coordination
Difficulties in Attention
How Common is Autism?
Approximately 1
• Autism is 4-5 times
more prevalent in boys
than girls.
• Approximately 2 million
people in the United
States are diagnosed
with Autism

in 88 children
Boys
• 1 in 54

Girls
• 1 in 256
What are the Causes?
• The puzzle of Autism is
that there is no one
cause
• Autism can occur as a
result of:
– Rare gene changes or
genetic mutations

– Environmental risk
factors during or after
pregnancy

For more information on the
causes of Autism click here
What are the Symptoms?

Warning!

3 Core Symptom Interactions

Early Signs of Autism

Communication
Challenges

Repetitive
Behavior

Before 12 Months

After 12 Months

No joyful
expressions

Social-Interaction
Difficulties

No words (16
months)

No sharing of
sounds or facial
expressions

No meaningful twoword phrases (24
months)

No babbling

Lack of social
interaction

No gestures such as
waving or pointing

Prevalence of
behavioral issues
Treatment: A Combination
Therapeutic Treatments
•
•
•
•

Applied Behavior Analysis
Pivotal Response Therapy
Verbal Behavior Therapy
Relationship Development
Intervention
• Social Communication and
Emotional Regulation
Transactional Support

Medicinal Treatment
• Risperidone
• Aripiprazole
• Serotonin reuptake
inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Fluoxetine
• Naltrexone
Summary
• Autism is a brain development disorder which causes
difficulties in social interaction and communication
• Approximately 2 million people in the United State’s suffer
with Autism
• There are many combinations of causes mainly stemming
from genetic abnormalities and environmental factors
• It is important to know the symptoms of Autism in order to
get an early detection to better treatment
• Treatment for Autism includes a combination of
medications (physical) and therapeutic (behavioral/social)
treatments.
• The many medications used to treat Autism are also used
to treat children with ADD or ADHD
References
• “Autism Speaks.” Autism Speaks. http://www.autismspeaks.org/
• Images used taken from ClipArt

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Puzzle of Autism

  • 2. What is Autism? • Autism is a complex disorder of brain development characterized by: – – – – – – Difficulties in social interaction Difficulties in verbal and nonverbal communication Repetitive behaviors Intellectual Disability Difficulties in motor coordination Difficulties in Attention
  • 3. How Common is Autism? Approximately 1 • Autism is 4-5 times more prevalent in boys than girls. • Approximately 2 million people in the United States are diagnosed with Autism in 88 children Boys • 1 in 54 Girls • 1 in 256
  • 4. What are the Causes? • The puzzle of Autism is that there is no one cause • Autism can occur as a result of: – Rare gene changes or genetic mutations – Environmental risk factors during or after pregnancy For more information on the causes of Autism click here
  • 5. What are the Symptoms? Warning! 3 Core Symptom Interactions Early Signs of Autism Communication Challenges Repetitive Behavior Before 12 Months After 12 Months No joyful expressions Social-Interaction Difficulties No words (16 months) No sharing of sounds or facial expressions No meaningful twoword phrases (24 months) No babbling Lack of social interaction No gestures such as waving or pointing Prevalence of behavioral issues
  • 6. Treatment: A Combination Therapeutic Treatments • • • • Applied Behavior Analysis Pivotal Response Therapy Verbal Behavior Therapy Relationship Development Intervention • Social Communication and Emotional Regulation Transactional Support Medicinal Treatment • Risperidone • Aripiprazole • Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) • Fluoxetine • Naltrexone
  • 7. Summary • Autism is a brain development disorder which causes difficulties in social interaction and communication • Approximately 2 million people in the United State’s suffer with Autism • There are many combinations of causes mainly stemming from genetic abnormalities and environmental factors • It is important to know the symptoms of Autism in order to get an early detection to better treatment • Treatment for Autism includes a combination of medications (physical) and therapeutic (behavioral/social) treatments. • The many medications used to treat Autism are also used to treat children with ADD or ADHD
  • 8. References • “Autism Speaks.” Autism Speaks. http://www.autismspeaks.org/ • Images used taken from ClipArt