The document discusses the history of educational technology from silent films in the early 20th century to computers in schools by the 1980s. It outlines approaches like behaviorism and constructivism in educational technology and benefits like easy access to materials but also criticisms like lack of training. Finally, it provides ideas for using technology in the classroom such as class websites, blogs, and interactive whiteboards.

1. ICT Applied to English Teaching
Assignment # 1:
“History of Education Technology”
Czemernicki Daniela – Piazza María Eugenia
2012

2. Educational technology
Some definitions…
 It refers to the use of technology in educational
settings.
 It also refers to the instructional use of computers,
television, and other kinds of electronic hardware and
software.
Instructional media
All of the devices that teachers and learners use to
support learning.

3. Visual Education means freeing education from text
and making it more visual by using
photographs, illustrations, animation,
video and interactivity.
focuses on explaining corporate
Visual Instruction processes by using video.
Both terms were used
originally because many of
the media available to The typical view among
educators was that
teachers, such as three- Technology could be used
dimensional objects, effectively to supplement
photographs, and silent instruction by providing
films, depended upon sight. instructional variety, by
helping to make abstract
concepts concrete, and by
stimulating interest
among students.

4. Silent films were used for educational
purposes by the first decade of the twentieth
century.
However, some of the reasons cited for infrequent use
of silent films:
 Teachers' lack of skill in using equipment and film
 Cost of films, equipment, and upkeep
 Inaccessibility of equipment when it was needed
 Time involved in finding the right film for each class

5. Radio was the next technology to gain attention.
attention
However in the 1940s it did not have the impact on
schools its advocates.
Poor audio reception and the cost of equipment were
obstacles to use. When these problems were overcome in
later years, the lack of fit between the broadcasts and
teachers' instructional agendas became more important
factors.
Television became available so, efforts to promote radio
instruction in schools were abandoned.
Instructional television the 1950s and the 1960s.
It was stimulated by two factors:
 The decision by the Federal Communications
Commission to set aside 242 television channels for
educational purposes.
 The substantial investment by the Ford Foundation.

6. It was not until the 1980s, and the
appearance of Microcomputers.
Many educators and public officials
became enthusiastic about computers.
By January 1983, computers were being
used for instructional purposes in 40
percent of all elementary schools and
75 percent of all secondary schools in
the United States.

7. Approaches to Educational
Technology
The interest in Behaviorism occurred about the same time that the first computer-
assisted programs (CAI) were being developed.
According to this perspective, students could be assigned to a computer to work at
their own pace, and the computer would keep track of students' work and
provide a record of each student's progress for the teacher. Such programs
evolved into what were later called individualized learning systems (ILS).
According to this perspective, learners must construct their own understanding of
whatever is being taught. The teacher's role is to create an environment in
which students are able to arrive at their own interpretations of knowledge while
becoming ever more skillful in directing their own learning. Some constructivists
recognized the computer as a potential ally and designed programs that took
advantage of constructivist beliefs. The result has been computer-based
programs that promote higher-level thinking and encourage collaborative
learning.

8. Benefits of using Technology in the
classroom
 Easy-to-access course materials.
 Instructors can post the course material or important
information on a course website.
 Students can study whenever they want and have
quickly access to the material.
 Increases students motivation.
 Computer-based instruction can give instant feedback to
students and explain correct answers.
 Wide participation.
 Learning material can be used for long distance learning
and are accessible to a wider audience.
 Improved student writing.
 Different types of educational software are designed and
developed to help students to learn specific subjects.

9. Criticism of using technology in the
classroom
 Lack of proper training.
 Limited access to sufficient quantities of a
technology.
 Extra time required for many implementations of
technology.
 Special training is vital to ensuring the effective
integration of classroom technology.
 Limited resources.
 Technology implementation can also be time
consuming.

10. Ideas to use technology in the
classroom
 Class website: easy way to display your student's work.
 Class blogs and wikis: Blogs can maintain a running
dialogue and assignments. Wikis are more group focused
ans studentss can edit a single document and create a
edited finished product.
 Mobile devices: they enhance the experience in the
classroom by providing the possibility for professors to get
feedback.
 Interactive Whiteboards: they enhance the experience in
the classroom by showing anything that can be on a
computer screen. It is interactive so the students can draw,
write, or manipulate images on the interactive whiteboard.
 Podcasts: It enables teachers to reach students through a
medium that is both "cool" and a part of their daily lives.
Podcasting can help sharpen students’ vocabulary, writing,
editing, public speaking, and presentation skills.

11. References
 Baldwin, R. (n.d.) School Technology in Education.
http://www.answers.com/topic/school-technology-in-
education
 Deakin University.Students' gateway to Campus Study
support
http://www.deakin.edu.au/current-students/study-support/stu
 Educational Technology. In Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology