This document describes a smart card prepaid energy meter system using GSM. The system includes an ARM microcontroller that takes readings from an energy meter and displays it on an LCD. It also sends the reading to the user's phone via text message through a GSM modem. The hardware requirements include components like the microcontroller, GSM modem, LCD, LEDs, resistors, capacitors, transformer, regulator, relay, energy meter and lamp. The software used is the KEIL compiler and embedded C. It allows reducing manual efforts to read energy meters and provides a cost effective solution with reduced manpower.
A project report on prepaid energy meter. It contains the effective use of power and hints in decreasing the losses suffered by the govt for power theft and debts of the consumer.
Its work like a cell phone recharge phone if recharge is over electricity gone after that we need to recharge acount main benift is that we can oprate it from any where to the world
A project report on prepaid energy meter. It contains the effective use of power and hints in decreasing the losses suffered by the govt for power theft and debts of the consumer.
Its work like a cell phone recharge phone if recharge is over electricity gone after that we need to recharge acount main benift is that we can oprate it from any where to the world
Prepaid energy meter using GSM is used to record consumed units and send an alert to user via GSM. It is used to reduce power theft in commercial areas.
Is a seminar based on the concept of replacing the existing electricity metering system using in developing countries by a low cost energy meter working without human intervention. Its main components are discussed later...
This document has been prepared related to a project of designing and implementing a single phase 230V 40A digital prepaid energy meter according to IEC standards.
GSM BASED PREPAID ENERGY METER BILLING VIA SMSSRINIVAS REDDY
The project is designed for reading electrical energy consumed in units and in rupees to display on an LCD screen to the user. This data is also provided to the electrical department using GSM technology for billing purposes. Owing to high electricity cost these days it becomes necessary for the consumer to know as to how much electricity is consumed to control electricity bill within his budget by recharging the energy meter units via S.M.S .
Finally when the energy meter coming to zero user can again recharge according to the purpose used. In this proposed system, the consumer will get his energy consumption data on real time basis on a LCD display. The same data is sent through GSM modem to the electricity department via SMS. A microcontroller of 8051 family is interfaced to the energy meter to get the Watt Hour pulses.
Further this project can be enhanced by to control the electrical appliances remotely via SMS. Also, the electricity department can send the monthly bill amount over SMS to the receiving unit for consumer information.
Prepaid energy meter using GSM is used to record consumed units and send an alert to user via GSM. It is used to reduce power theft in commercial areas.
Is a seminar based on the concept of replacing the existing electricity metering system using in developing countries by a low cost energy meter working without human intervention. Its main components are discussed later...
This document has been prepared related to a project of designing and implementing a single phase 230V 40A digital prepaid energy meter according to IEC standards.
GSM BASED PREPAID ENERGY METER BILLING VIA SMSSRINIVAS REDDY
The project is designed for reading electrical energy consumed in units and in rupees to display on an LCD screen to the user. This data is also provided to the electrical department using GSM technology for billing purposes. Owing to high electricity cost these days it becomes necessary for the consumer to know as to how much electricity is consumed to control electricity bill within his budget by recharging the energy meter units via S.M.S .
Finally when the energy meter coming to zero user can again recharge according to the purpose used. In this proposed system, the consumer will get his energy consumption data on real time basis on a LCD display. The same data is sent through GSM modem to the electricity department via SMS. A microcontroller of 8051 family is interfaced to the energy meter to get the Watt Hour pulses.
Further this project can be enhanced by to control the electrical appliances remotely via SMS. Also, the electricity department can send the monthly bill amount over SMS to the receiving unit for consumer information.
This is one of the seminars in my Certified Seminar Leader Program for 6.0 CEUS. I professionally produce all seminar programs with the help of a terrific designer.
In today circumstance, rapid development of power system network cause the fault current of the system increased greatly .
The levels of fault current in many places have often exceeded the withstand capacity of existing power system equipment.
As implication to this matter ; security , stability and reliability of power system will be negatively affected .
Thus , limiting the fault current of the power system to a safe level can greatly reduce the risk of failure to the power system equipment due to high fault current flowing through the system. Because of that, there is no surprise to fault current limiter (FCL) become a most favourite research since this technology can limit the fault current .
Notice Board is primary thing in any institution or organization or public utility places like bus stations, railway stations and parks. But sticking various notices day-to-day is a difficult process.
This presentation, created by Syed Faiz ul Hassan, explores the profound influence of media on public perception and behavior. It delves into the evolution of media from oral traditions to modern digital and social media platforms. Key topics include the role of media in information propagation, socialization, crisis awareness, globalization, and education. The presentation also examines media influence through agenda setting, propaganda, and manipulative techniques used by advertisers and marketers. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of surveillance enabled by media technologies on personal behavior and preferences. Through this comprehensive overview, the presentation aims to shed light on how media shapes collective consciousness and public opinion.
Have you ever wondered how search works while visiting an e-commerce site, internal website, or searching through other types of online resources? Look no further than this informative session on the ways that taxonomies help end-users navigate the internet! Hear from taxonomists and other information professionals who have first-hand experience creating and working with taxonomies that aid in navigation, search, and discovery across a range of disciplines.
Acorn Recovery: Restore IT infra within minutesIP ServerOne
Introducing Acorn Recovery as a Service, a simple, fast, and secure managed disaster recovery (DRaaS) by IP ServerOne. A DR solution that helps restore your IT infra within minutes.
Sharpen existing tools or get a new toolbox? Contemporary cluster initiatives...Orkestra
UIIN Conference, Madrid, 27-29 May 2024
James Wilson, Orkestra and Deusto Business School
Emily Wise, Lund University
Madeline Smith, The Glasgow School of Art
0x01 - Newton's Third Law: Static vs. Dynamic AbusersOWASP Beja
f you offer a service on the web, odds are that someone will abuse it. Be it an API, a SaaS, a PaaS, or even a static website, someone somewhere will try to figure out a way to use it to their own needs. In this talk we'll compare measures that are effective against static attackers and how to battle a dynamic attacker who adapts to your counter-measures.
About the Speaker
===============
Diogo Sousa, Engineering Manager @ Canonical
An opinionated individual with an interest in cryptography and its intersection with secure software development.
This presentation by Morris Kleiner (University of Minnesota), was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
2. ABSTRACT
The main objective of the project is to develop a prepaid
energy meter.
The microcontroller takes the reading from the energy meter
and displays the reading on the LCD. The reading of the energy
meter is also sent to the cell phone of the user by a message
through GSM modem.
This project is powered by an on-board power supply takes
the ac power and converts it into dc power that is fed to on-board
devices and integrated circuits.
5. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
ARM MICROCONTROLLER
ARM9TDMI based high-performance 32-bit RISC
micro-controller with thumb extensions. 16kb on-chip
ROM, 256kb SRAM, 32kb instruction cache, 32kb
data cache, clock up to 208 MHz 3 channel
multiplexed 10-bit ADC, RTC, and 32-bit general
purpose high speed timer.
Two UART’S, one with full modem interface, two
I2C serial interfaces, two SPI serial interfaces. CPU
clock up to 60 MHz
6. ENERGY METER:
• An energy or electric meter is a device that measures the amount of
electrical energy consumed by a residence, business, or an
electrically-powered device.
• Electric meters are typically calibrated in billing units, the most
common one being the kilowatt hour.
8. SERIAL COMMUNICATION
• used for all long-haul communication
• Cables that carry serial data
• RS232 carries serial data in between micro controller
and MODEM through DB9 connector
9. MAX 232:
The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts signals from
an RS-232serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL
compatible digital logic circuits.
The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts
the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals .
When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL level
to convert, it changes a TTL Logic 0 to
between +3 and +15V, and changes TTL
Logic 1 to between -3 to -15V, and vice
versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.
10. DB9 CONNECTOR:
• The DB9 (originally DE-9) connector is an analog 9-pin plug of
the D-Sub miniature connector family (D-Sub or Sub-D).
11. A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays
use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but
other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state
relays.
Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit
by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation
between control and controlled circuits), or where several
circuits must be controlled by one signal.
Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and
sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect
electrical circuits from overload or faults
RELAY:
12. GSM COMMUNICATION
The term GSM usually means the GSM standard
and protocols in the frequency spectrum around
900MHz.
Mobile Station:
The MS is the physical equipment used by a
subscriber, most often a normal hand-held cellular
telephone.
Base transceiver station:
The BTS comprises the radio transmission and
reception devices, and also manages the signal
processing related to the air interface.
13. GSM MODEM:
A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM
card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a
mobile phone.
From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM modem looks just like
a mobile phone.
When a GSM modem is connected to a computer, this allows the
computer to use the GSM modem to communicate over the mobile
network.
While these GSM modems are most frequently used to provide
mobile internet connectivity, many of them can also be used for sending
and receiving SMS and
MMS messages.
14. IR LED:
An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose LED
that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm wavelength.
The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye
cannot see the infrared radiations.
The camera can show us the IR rays being emanated from the IR LED
in a circuit.
15. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD):
Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and
20x2 displays.
This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line
by 2 lines, respectively.
DISPLAY UNIT
16. LCD BACKGROUND:
If an 8-bit data bus is used the LCD will require 11 data lines
(3 control lines plus the 8 lines for the data bus)
The three control lines are referred to as EN, RS, and RW
EN=Enable (used to tell the LCD that you are sending it data)
RS=Register Select (When RS is low (0), data is treated as a command)
(When RS is High(1), data being sent is text data )
R/W=Read/Write (When RW is low (0), the data written to the LCD)
(When RW is high (1), the data reading to the LCD)
17. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, macro assemblers,
real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments,
evaluation boards, and emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3,
XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families.
Compilers are programs used to convert a High Level Language
to object code. Desktop compilers produce an output object code for
the underlying microprocessor, but not for other microprocessors
KEIL COMPILER:
18. AT COMMANDS:
AT commands are instructions used to control a modem.
AT is the abbreviation of Attention. Every command line starts with
"AT" or "at". That's the reason, modem commands are called AT
commands.
Many of the commands that are used to control wired dial-up
modems, such as ATD (Dial), ATA (Answer) supported by MODEM.
Besides this common AT command set, GSM modems and
mobile phones support an AT command set that is specific to the GSM
technology, which includes SMS-related commands like AT+CMGS
(Send SMS message), AT+CMSS (Send SMS message from storage),
AT+CMGL (List SMS messages) and AT+CMGR (Read SMS
messages).
19. • Using this project we can reduce the manual
Efforts to take the readings from the energy
Meter which is cost effective solution .
• Reduces man power.
• It is user friendly and we can enhance this
Project ,in which an electricity department can
Send message to the consumer about the
billing information.
CONCLUSION
20. REFERENCES
[1] M I Tibbenham, “Implementing a Pre-payment System” IEE
International Congress on Metering and Tariffs for Energy
Supply, Birmingham, UK, 1999, pp 251-257.
[2] Muhammad Faheem Khan, Ahmed Zoha, and Rana Liaqat
Ali ‘’Design and
Implementation of Smart Billing and Automated Meter Reading
System for Utility Gas ‘’Proc. in IEEE Conference on
Information and Emerging Technologies, 2007, pp1-6
[3] KwanB H, M Moghawemi ‘’PIC Based Smart Card
Prepayment System‘’ Proc. in IEEE Student Conference on
Research and Development, Malaysia, 2002, pp 440-443