This is the slide of my research paper which has presented in an international conference organised by - Dhaka University Statistics Department Alumni Association (DUSDAA), 27-29 December, 2015
The project was undertaken to design M50 grade concrete using GGBS cement and POZZOLANA cement and comparing the fresh concrete and hard concrete properties with concrete designed using conventional cement.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
1) The document discusses methods for designing high-performance concrete mixes, including the limitations of existing methods like ACI 211-1 which are intended for normal concrete.
2) It proposes a new simplified method that involves selecting the water-to-binder ratio, water content, superplasticizer dosage, coarse aggregate content, and entrained air content in sequence.
3) The key aspects of high-performance concrete that make existing mix design methods inadequate include the ability to independently control slump and water content using superplasticizers, and the need to satisfy requirements like low permeability and high durability in addition to high strength.
This document discusses bridges in hilly areas and the various challenges associated with their construction. It outlines different types of bridges suitable for hilly regions, including beam bridges, truss bridges, cantilever bridges, arch bridges, tied-arch bridges, suspension bridges, and cable-stayed bridges. For each bridge type, it provides a brief definition and example image. It also discusses challenges like foundation construction, substructure, superstructure, plant and materials management, and financing.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve issues with inadequate concrete compaction. SCC is highly flowable under its own weight and fills formwork without vibration. It was pioneered by Professor Hajime Okamura and has seen increasing use globally since 2000. The document discusses the constituents, properties, testing, and advantages of SCC compared to traditional vibrated concrete.
The document discusses concrete mix design, including:
- Concrete is made from cement, aggregates, water, and sometimes admixtures.
- ACI and BIS methods are described for determining mix proportions based on factors like strength, workability, durability, and materials.
- A step-by-step example is provided to design a mix using the ACI method for a specified 30MPa strength, including determining water-cement ratio, volumes, and final proportions.
This document provides an overview of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC), including its definition, history, objectives, constituent materials, structural properties, applications, and factors affecting its use. UHPC is defined as a cementitious composite material that has compressive strengths over 150 MPa. It has superior properties such as very high strength and durability compared to normal strength and high performance concretes. The document discusses UHPC mix designs, testing methods, and innovative applications in bridges and buildings.
The project was undertaken to design M50 grade concrete using GGBS cement and POZZOLANA cement and comparing the fresh concrete and hard concrete properties with concrete designed using conventional cement.
Concrete is the most widely used construction material in India with annual consumption exceeding 100 million cubic meters.
High performance concrete is a concrete in which certain characteristics are developed for a particular application and environment, so that it will give excellent performance in the structure in which it will be placed.
A high-strength concrete is always a high performance concrete, but a high-performance concrete is not always a high-strength concrete.
1) The document discusses methods for designing high-performance concrete mixes, including the limitations of existing methods like ACI 211-1 which are intended for normal concrete.
2) It proposes a new simplified method that involves selecting the water-to-binder ratio, water content, superplasticizer dosage, coarse aggregate content, and entrained air content in sequence.
3) The key aspects of high-performance concrete that make existing mix design methods inadequate include the ability to independently control slump and water content using superplasticizers, and the need to satisfy requirements like low permeability and high durability in addition to high strength.
This document discusses bridges in hilly areas and the various challenges associated with their construction. It outlines different types of bridges suitable for hilly regions, including beam bridges, truss bridges, cantilever bridges, arch bridges, tied-arch bridges, suspension bridges, and cable-stayed bridges. For each bridge type, it provides a brief definition and example image. It also discusses challenges like foundation construction, substructure, superstructure, plant and materials management, and financing.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) was developed in Japan in the 1980s to solve issues with inadequate concrete compaction. SCC is highly flowable under its own weight and fills formwork without vibration. It was pioneered by Professor Hajime Okamura and has seen increasing use globally since 2000. The document discusses the constituents, properties, testing, and advantages of SCC compared to traditional vibrated concrete.
The document discusses concrete mix design, including:
- Concrete is made from cement, aggregates, water, and sometimes admixtures.
- ACI and BIS methods are described for determining mix proportions based on factors like strength, workability, durability, and materials.
- A step-by-step example is provided to design a mix using the ACI method for a specified 30MPa strength, including determining water-cement ratio, volumes, and final proportions.
This document provides an overview of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC), including its definition, history, objectives, constituent materials, structural properties, applications, and factors affecting its use. UHPC is defined as a cementitious composite material that has compressive strengths over 150 MPa. It has superior properties such as very high strength and durability compared to normal strength and high performance concretes. The document discusses UHPC mix designs, testing methods, and innovative applications in bridges and buildings.
This document discusses box culverts and their components and construction. It begins by defining a culvert as a cross-drainage structure less than 6 meters long. It then describes box culverts, noting they consist of rectangular or square openings constructed monolithically with abutments and piers. Box culverts are typically constructed where soil is soft to distribute load over a wider area. They are made of concrete and can redirect water flow. The document outlines the wet cast and dry cast construction methods and lists the typical components of a box culvert. It also discusses the loads box culverts are subject to and their applications, advantages, and thank you.
Fiber reinforced concrete is a composite material made by adding short discrete fibers into concrete to increase its structural integrity. The document discusses the history and development of fiber reinforced concrete, including the use of straw and horsehair in ancient times. It describes the different types of fibers used such as steel, glass, and synthetic fibers. The benefits of fiber reinforced concrete are also outlined, such as improved tensile strength, durability, crack resistance, and fire resistance. Applications include industrial flooring, precast construction, and structures requiring improved impact or explosive resistance.
This document provides information on concrete mix design using different methods like the American Concrete Institute (ACI) method, Indian Standard (IS) method, and an example calculation using the IS method. It discusses variables in proportioning concrete mixes like water-cement ratio, cement-aggregate ratio, aggregate gradation, and consistency. For the ACI method, it outlines the steps to determine the quantities of ingredients including collecting material data, selecting water-cement ratio and workability, determining water content, and calculating cement, aggregate, and sand quantities. For the IS method, it describes the 7 steps including selecting water-cement ratio, estimating air content, selecting water and sand contents, and calculating cement and aggregate quantities. An
Study on properties of concrete by partially replacing cement with GGBSNajeer Ahamad
India has an enormous growth in the industry of steel and copper. These industries produce hazardous by products like ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). If they were not disposed off properly, they may cause hazards to the atmosphere. Considering the long term performance and stability of structures, this study suggests replacing some percentage of cement withGGBS to develop high performance concrete. This paper presents an experimental investigation to know the use of GGBS in concrete as a replacing agent of cement.. To accomplish this 53 grade Ordinary Portland cement were used in preparing concrete mix with a w/c ratio of 0.40 with suitable superplasticizers. In order to confirm the use of GGBS as a replacing agent tests were conducted. Cement was replaced with 0% to 40% with GGBS respectively. Concrete control specimens without replacement were also cast for comparison. After casting the cube moulds specimens were tested for various tests likecompressive strength test, tensile strength test, flexural strength test.
1. The document discusses various destructive and non-destructive testing methods for measuring the properties of hardened concrete. 2. Destructive tests include cube tests to determine compressive strength and split-cylinder or flexural tests to determine tensile strength. 3. Non-destructive tests discussed are rebound hammer testing, ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, penetration resistance testing, pull-out testing, and using a profometer.
Analysis and design of multi-storey building using staad.Progsharda123
This document presents a minor project report on the analysis and design of a four-storey building (ground plus three floors) using STAAD Pro software. It was submitted by five civil engineering students at Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Punjab, India in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Technology degree. The report covers various topics related to structural analysis and design including different analysis methods, design of building elements like slabs, beams, columns, and footings. It also discusses assumptions, design codes, loads, and materials used for the building design.
A ceramic is an inorganic compound, non-metallic, solid material comprising metal, non-metal or metalloid atoms primarily held in ionic and covalent bonds. This article gives an overview of ceramic materials from the point of view of materials science.
The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from highly oriented to semi-crystalline, vitrified, and often completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Most often, fired ceramics are either vitrified or semi-vitrified as is the case with earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. Varying crystallinity and electron consumption in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electrical insulators (extensively researched in ceramic engineering). With such a large range of possible options for the composition/structure of a ceramic (e.g. nearly all of the elements, nearly all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is vast, and identifiable attributes (e.g. hardness, toughness, electrical conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition temperature, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon fiber, while containing ceramic materials, are not considered to be part of the ceramic family.[2]
BSCPL Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd is constructing a four-lane bridge over the Mahanadi River in Chhattisgarh, India as part of a contract to reconstruct 250 km of National Highway 53. The segmental bridge is being built using the lanuching girder method, where precast concrete segments are placed using a launching girder and temporary supports. Segments are dry fitted, glued with epoxy, post-tensioned with 7-ply cable strands using hydraulic jacks, then grouted to form each span. Precast segments are lifted into place by the launching girder's gantry and secured to sliding supports. The launching girder is then advanced to the next pier to begin constructing
This document provides an overview of self-compacting concrete (SCC), including its definition, properties, ingredients, tests to evaluate its performance, and applications. SCC is a concrete that can flow and consolidate under its own weight without any mechanical vibration. It has high filling ability, passing ability through reinforced bars without segregation, and resistance to segregation. The key ingredients in SCC include cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures, and water. A number of laboratory tests are used to evaluate the flow, passing ability, and segregation resistance of SCC, including slump flow, L-box, V-funnel, and J-ring tests. SCC has applications in concrete elements with
Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete In Structures26032015
Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, rebound hammer testing, and cover meter testing are three common non-destructive testing methods for concrete structures. Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing uses transducers to transmit and receive ultrasonic pulses through concrete to assess properties like strength and uniformity without damage. Rebound hammer testing measures surface hardness through a spring-controlled hammer's rebound, indicating relative concrete strength. Cover meters use electromagnetic principles to locate and measure rebar cover thickness in concrete. Non-destructive testing provides important information on structural condition and performance without damaging the structure.
This document discusses the compressive strength of concrete. It defines compressive strength as the ability of a material to withstand pushing forces. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. The document describes how to test the compressive strength of concrete cube and cylinder specimens. It provides details on specimen size, curing, loading rate, and calculating compressive strength based on applied load divided by cross-sectional area.
The document summarizes the construction of a box-type slab bridge near Palaya village. The existing drainage pipe bridge was insufficient and damaged, flooding the village during rains. The solution was to remove the pipes and construct a reinforced concrete box bridge instead. Foundation work was done to a depth of 3 meters. A concrete bed was laid and bottom slab with steel reinforcement was constructed. Profile walls and slab will complete the bridge, allowing easy drainage of water from the village farms.
The report is being made on the experience of 3 weeks office training.
briefly describes the quality tests of Fine and Coarse aggregates .
Complete calculation of concrete mix design is included with solved numerical equations.
Cement, water and admixtures quality test is not performed because the contractor purchase it from other chemical and cement manufacturer company.
Vibro replacement stone columns are a ground improvement technique to improve the load bearing capacity and reduce the settlement of the soil. On many occasions, it is noted that the local soil is, by nature, unable to bear the proposed structure, so the use of ground improvement techniques may be necessary. Use of stone columns is one such technique. The stone column consists of crushed coarse aggregates of various sizes. The ratio in which the stones of different sizes will be mixed is decided by design criteria
The document discusses the direct stiffness method for analyzing truss structures. This method treats each individual truss element as a structure and develops the element stiffness matrix. Transformation matrices are used to relate element deformations to structure deformations. The total structure stiffness matrix is obtained by assembling the individual element stiffness matrices based on how the elements are connected at joints in the structure. This direct stiffness method forms the basis for computer programs to analyze truss structures.
Fibre reinforced concrete has fibres added to increase its tensile strength and crack resistance. It has higher ductility, toughness, and post-cracking capacity compared to normal concrete. Various fibre types can be used including steel, glass, carbon and natural fibres. The fibres control cracking, increase strength and durability. Proper fibre volume, aspect ratio and distribution are needed to achieve optimal mechanical properties in the fibre reinforced concrete. Its applications include pavements, structural elements and precast construction.
This document provides a history of bridge development from ancient times to modern times. It discusses the earliest bridges made of wood and stone by ancient civilizations like Romans and Asians. Key developments include the introduction of arches by Romans, cast iron in the 18th century, wrought iron and truss bridges in the 19th century, and modern materials like prestressed concrete and steel in the 20th century. The document also classifies bridges based on materials, forms, functions, inter-span relations, and span lengths.
Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridgesijtsrd
Today bridge building has gained worldwide importance. Bridges are the key elements in every road network and the use of pre stressed girder bridges is becoming more and more popular in bridge construction due to their better stability, service friendliness, economy and durability, aesthetic and structural appearance. Typically reinforced concrete construction, steel construction or steel composite construction is used. In the case of high spans, reinforced concrete construction is uneconomical due to the larger span. , the cross section is used more efficiently than the reinforced concrete cross section. Pre stressed concrete is used for long span bridges with a span of more than 10 m. Conventionally, when calculating bridges, the superstructure and substructure are analyzed separately. The superstructure is usually a grid made up of main girders, transverse membranes and a deck slab. a grid of linear elements The columns of the main girders are anchored. The superstructure is examined according to IRC 62014 and according to IRC 182000 for unconsidered gravitational loads and moving vehicle loads. Reduction of the stress level and also of the deflection compared to the straight tendon profile. Avinash Kumar Vidyarthi | Dr. P. K. Singhai | Rohit Sahu "Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46362.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46362/analysis-of-prestressed-concrete-girder-for-bridges/avinash-kumar-vidyarthi
Industrial Training Report On Concrete Road Pavement Submitted by Awinash Tiwari To The Department Of Civil Engineering Krishna Institute Of Engineering And Technology ghaziabad.
This document provides an overview of artificial neural networks (ANN). It discusses the origin of ANNs from biological neural networks. It describes different ANN architectures like multilayer perceptrons and different learning methods like backpropagation. It also outlines some challenging problems that ANNs can help with, such as pattern recognition, clustering, and optimization. The summary states that while the paper gives a good overview of ANNs, more development is needed to show ANNs are better than other methods for most problems.
This document discusses box culverts and their components and construction. It begins by defining a culvert as a cross-drainage structure less than 6 meters long. It then describes box culverts, noting they consist of rectangular or square openings constructed monolithically with abutments and piers. Box culverts are typically constructed where soil is soft to distribute load over a wider area. They are made of concrete and can redirect water flow. The document outlines the wet cast and dry cast construction methods and lists the typical components of a box culvert. It also discusses the loads box culverts are subject to and their applications, advantages, and thank you.
Fiber reinforced concrete is a composite material made by adding short discrete fibers into concrete to increase its structural integrity. The document discusses the history and development of fiber reinforced concrete, including the use of straw and horsehair in ancient times. It describes the different types of fibers used such as steel, glass, and synthetic fibers. The benefits of fiber reinforced concrete are also outlined, such as improved tensile strength, durability, crack resistance, and fire resistance. Applications include industrial flooring, precast construction, and structures requiring improved impact or explosive resistance.
This document provides information on concrete mix design using different methods like the American Concrete Institute (ACI) method, Indian Standard (IS) method, and an example calculation using the IS method. It discusses variables in proportioning concrete mixes like water-cement ratio, cement-aggregate ratio, aggregate gradation, and consistency. For the ACI method, it outlines the steps to determine the quantities of ingredients including collecting material data, selecting water-cement ratio and workability, determining water content, and calculating cement, aggregate, and sand quantities. For the IS method, it describes the 7 steps including selecting water-cement ratio, estimating air content, selecting water and sand contents, and calculating cement and aggregate quantities. An
Study on properties of concrete by partially replacing cement with GGBSNajeer Ahamad
India has an enormous growth in the industry of steel and copper. These industries produce hazardous by products like ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). If they were not disposed off properly, they may cause hazards to the atmosphere. Considering the long term performance and stability of structures, this study suggests replacing some percentage of cement withGGBS to develop high performance concrete. This paper presents an experimental investigation to know the use of GGBS in concrete as a replacing agent of cement.. To accomplish this 53 grade Ordinary Portland cement were used in preparing concrete mix with a w/c ratio of 0.40 with suitable superplasticizers. In order to confirm the use of GGBS as a replacing agent tests were conducted. Cement was replaced with 0% to 40% with GGBS respectively. Concrete control specimens without replacement were also cast for comparison. After casting the cube moulds specimens were tested for various tests likecompressive strength test, tensile strength test, flexural strength test.
1. The document discusses various destructive and non-destructive testing methods for measuring the properties of hardened concrete. 2. Destructive tests include cube tests to determine compressive strength and split-cylinder or flexural tests to determine tensile strength. 3. Non-destructive tests discussed are rebound hammer testing, ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, penetration resistance testing, pull-out testing, and using a profometer.
Analysis and design of multi-storey building using staad.Progsharda123
This document presents a minor project report on the analysis and design of a four-storey building (ground plus three floors) using STAAD Pro software. It was submitted by five civil engineering students at Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Punjab, India in partial fulfillment of their Bachelor of Technology degree. The report covers various topics related to structural analysis and design including different analysis methods, design of building elements like slabs, beams, columns, and footings. It also discusses assumptions, design codes, loads, and materials used for the building design.
A ceramic is an inorganic compound, non-metallic, solid material comprising metal, non-metal or metalloid atoms primarily held in ionic and covalent bonds. This article gives an overview of ceramic materials from the point of view of materials science.
The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from highly oriented to semi-crystalline, vitrified, and often completely amorphous (e.g., glasses). Most often, fired ceramics are either vitrified or semi-vitrified as is the case with earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. Varying crystallinity and electron consumption in the ionic and covalent bonds cause most ceramic materials to be good thermal and electrical insulators (extensively researched in ceramic engineering). With such a large range of possible options for the composition/structure of a ceramic (e.g. nearly all of the elements, nearly all types of bonding, and all levels of crystallinity), the breadth of the subject is vast, and identifiable attributes (e.g. hardness, toughness, electrical conductivity, etc.) are hard to specify for the group as a whole. General properties such as high melting temperature, high hardness, poor conductivity, high moduli of elasticity, chemical resistance and low ductility are the norm,[1] with known exceptions to each of these rules (e.g. piezoelectric ceramics, glass transition temperature, superconductive ceramics, etc.). Many composites, such as fiberglass and carbon fiber, while containing ceramic materials, are not considered to be part of the ceramic family.[2]
BSCPL Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd is constructing a four-lane bridge over the Mahanadi River in Chhattisgarh, India as part of a contract to reconstruct 250 km of National Highway 53. The segmental bridge is being built using the lanuching girder method, where precast concrete segments are placed using a launching girder and temporary supports. Segments are dry fitted, glued with epoxy, post-tensioned with 7-ply cable strands using hydraulic jacks, then grouted to form each span. Precast segments are lifted into place by the launching girder's gantry and secured to sliding supports. The launching girder is then advanced to the next pier to begin constructing
This document provides an overview of self-compacting concrete (SCC), including its definition, properties, ingredients, tests to evaluate its performance, and applications. SCC is a concrete that can flow and consolidate under its own weight without any mechanical vibration. It has high filling ability, passing ability through reinforced bars without segregation, and resistance to segregation. The key ingredients in SCC include cement, fine and coarse aggregates, chemical and mineral admixtures, and water. A number of laboratory tests are used to evaluate the flow, passing ability, and segregation resistance of SCC, including slump flow, L-box, V-funnel, and J-ring tests. SCC has applications in concrete elements with
Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete In Structures26032015
Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing, rebound hammer testing, and cover meter testing are three common non-destructive testing methods for concrete structures. Ultrasonic pulse velocity testing uses transducers to transmit and receive ultrasonic pulses through concrete to assess properties like strength and uniformity without damage. Rebound hammer testing measures surface hardness through a spring-controlled hammer's rebound, indicating relative concrete strength. Cover meters use electromagnetic principles to locate and measure rebar cover thickness in concrete. Non-destructive testing provides important information on structural condition and performance without damaging the structure.
This document discusses the compressive strength of concrete. It defines compressive strength as the ability of a material to withstand pushing forces. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. The document describes how to test the compressive strength of concrete cube and cylinder specimens. It provides details on specimen size, curing, loading rate, and calculating compressive strength based on applied load divided by cross-sectional area.
The document summarizes the construction of a box-type slab bridge near Palaya village. The existing drainage pipe bridge was insufficient and damaged, flooding the village during rains. The solution was to remove the pipes and construct a reinforced concrete box bridge instead. Foundation work was done to a depth of 3 meters. A concrete bed was laid and bottom slab with steel reinforcement was constructed. Profile walls and slab will complete the bridge, allowing easy drainage of water from the village farms.
The report is being made on the experience of 3 weeks office training.
briefly describes the quality tests of Fine and Coarse aggregates .
Complete calculation of concrete mix design is included with solved numerical equations.
Cement, water and admixtures quality test is not performed because the contractor purchase it from other chemical and cement manufacturer company.
Vibro replacement stone columns are a ground improvement technique to improve the load bearing capacity and reduce the settlement of the soil. On many occasions, it is noted that the local soil is, by nature, unable to bear the proposed structure, so the use of ground improvement techniques may be necessary. Use of stone columns is one such technique. The stone column consists of crushed coarse aggregates of various sizes. The ratio in which the stones of different sizes will be mixed is decided by design criteria
The document discusses the direct stiffness method for analyzing truss structures. This method treats each individual truss element as a structure and develops the element stiffness matrix. Transformation matrices are used to relate element deformations to structure deformations. The total structure stiffness matrix is obtained by assembling the individual element stiffness matrices based on how the elements are connected at joints in the structure. This direct stiffness method forms the basis for computer programs to analyze truss structures.
Fibre reinforced concrete has fibres added to increase its tensile strength and crack resistance. It has higher ductility, toughness, and post-cracking capacity compared to normal concrete. Various fibre types can be used including steel, glass, carbon and natural fibres. The fibres control cracking, increase strength and durability. Proper fibre volume, aspect ratio and distribution are needed to achieve optimal mechanical properties in the fibre reinforced concrete. Its applications include pavements, structural elements and precast construction.
This document provides a history of bridge development from ancient times to modern times. It discusses the earliest bridges made of wood and stone by ancient civilizations like Romans and Asians. Key developments include the introduction of arches by Romans, cast iron in the 18th century, wrought iron and truss bridges in the 19th century, and modern materials like prestressed concrete and steel in the 20th century. The document also classifies bridges based on materials, forms, functions, inter-span relations, and span lengths.
Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridgesijtsrd
Today bridge building has gained worldwide importance. Bridges are the key elements in every road network and the use of pre stressed girder bridges is becoming more and more popular in bridge construction due to their better stability, service friendliness, economy and durability, aesthetic and structural appearance. Typically reinforced concrete construction, steel construction or steel composite construction is used. In the case of high spans, reinforced concrete construction is uneconomical due to the larger span. , the cross section is used more efficiently than the reinforced concrete cross section. Pre stressed concrete is used for long span bridges with a span of more than 10 m. Conventionally, when calculating bridges, the superstructure and substructure are analyzed separately. The superstructure is usually a grid made up of main girders, transverse membranes and a deck slab. a grid of linear elements The columns of the main girders are anchored. The superstructure is examined according to IRC 62014 and according to IRC 182000 for unconsidered gravitational loads and moving vehicle loads. Reduction of the stress level and also of the deflection compared to the straight tendon profile. Avinash Kumar Vidyarthi | Dr. P. K. Singhai | Rohit Sahu "Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46362.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46362/analysis-of-prestressed-concrete-girder-for-bridges/avinash-kumar-vidyarthi
Industrial Training Report On Concrete Road Pavement Submitted by Awinash Tiwari To The Department Of Civil Engineering Krishna Institute Of Engineering And Technology ghaziabad.
This document provides an overview of artificial neural networks (ANN). It discusses the origin of ANNs from biological neural networks. It describes different ANN architectures like multilayer perceptrons and different learning methods like backpropagation. It also outlines some challenging problems that ANNs can help with, such as pattern recognition, clustering, and optimization. The summary states that while the paper gives a good overview of ANNs, more development is needed to show ANNs are better than other methods for most problems.
Predicting the strength of self compacting self curing concrete using artific...IAEME Publication
Artificial neural networks were used to predict the compressive strength of self-compacting self-curing concrete. Seventeen concrete mixes were tested experimentally to obtain compressive strength results at 28 days. The experimental data was used to train an ANN model with seven input parameters and one output of compressive strength. The optimal mix was determined to contain 2% super plasticizer, 0.5% viscosity modifying agent, and 0.5% poly-ethylene glycol. A beam was also cast from the optimal mix and tested, with the ANN results showing minor errors compared to the experimental data. The ANN is concluded to provide an efficient way to determine optimal mix proportions for strength and workability of self-compacting self
This document outlines challenges and opportunities in the IT sector. It discusses ethical and security challenges faced online, and the importance of basic IT skills for career success. Various IT career paths are presented, along with the programming languages required for jobs like web development, data science, hacking, and research. The document encourages curiosity and lists online resources for learning programming. It aims to help people pursue careers in the growing IT field.
PREDICTION OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE CONTAINING IN...IAEME Publication
This paper presents artificial neural network (ANN) based model to predict the compressive strength of concrete containing Industrial Byproducts at the age of 28, 56, 90 and 120 days. A total of 71 specimens were casted with twelve different concrete mix proportions. The experimental results are training data to construct the artificial neural network model. The data used in the multilayer feed forward neural network models are arranged in a format of ten input parameters that cover the age of specimen, cement, Fly ash, Silica fume, Metakaolin, bottom ash, sand, Coarse aggregate, water and Superplasticizer. According to these parameter in the neural network models are predicted the compressive strength values of concrete containing Industrial Byproducts. T
Artificial Intelligence: Artificial Neural NetworksThe Integral Worm
This document summarizes artificial neural networks (ANN), which were inspired by biological neural networks in the human brain. ANNs consist of interconnected computational units that emulate neurons and pass signals to other units through connections with variable weights. ANNs are arranged in layers and learn by modifying the weights between units based on input and output data to minimize error. Common ANN algorithms include backpropagation for supervised learning to predict outputs from inputs.
This document discusses using artificial neural networks for image compression and decompression. It begins with an introduction explaining the need for image compression due to large file sizes. It then describes biologically inspired neurons and artificial neural networks. The document outlines the backpropagation algorithm, various compression techniques, and how neural networks were implemented in MATLAB and on an FPGA board for this project. It discusses the advantages of neural networks for this application, some disadvantages, and examples of applications. In conclusion, it states that the design was successfully implemented on an FPGA board and input and output values were similar, showing the neural network approach works for image compression.
MATLAB Programs For Beginners. | Abhi SharmaAbee Sharma
This is MATLAB's 10 most easy & most basic programs that I's supposed to submit in my practicals. In this document I've complied 10 MATLAB programs from basic to advanced through intermediate levels, But overall they are for beginners only. It's only a 26 pages doc. for academic purposes. well, What else a student can offer you, huh? LOLz
This document discusses neural networks and their biological and technical underpinnings. It covers how natural neural networks operate using electrochemical signals and thresholds. It also discusses early artificial neural network models like McCulloch-Pitts networks and perceptrons. Perceptrons are defined as single-layer feedforward networks and can only represent linearly separable functions. The document introduces the concept of adding hidden layers to networks to increase their computational power and ability to represent more complex functions like XOR.
1. MATLAB is a software package for mathematical computation, numerical computation, algorithm development, data analysis, and more. It allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs in other languages.
2. The document introduces basic MATLAB operations like arithmetic operations, variables, matrices, plotting, scripts and functions. It also discusses flow control and logical operations like if/else statements and loops.
3. MATLAB can be used for scientific and engineering applications like modeling, simulation, and prototyping through its implementation of algorithms, data analysis tools, and graphical capabilities for visualizing data.
Introduction Of Artificial neural networkNagarajan
The document summarizes different types of artificial neural networks including their structure, learning paradigms, and learning rules. It discusses artificial neural networks (ANN), their advantages, and major learning paradigms - supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning. It also explains different mathematical synaptic modification rules like backpropagation of error, correlative Hebbian, and temporally-asymmetric Hebbian learning rules. Specific learning rules discussed include the delta rule, the pattern associator, and the Hebb rule.
I think this could be useful for those who works in the field of Coputational Intelligence. Give your valuable reviews so that I can progree in my research
This document summarizes artificial neural networks. It discusses how neural networks are composed of interconnected neurons that can learn complex behaviors through simple principles. Neural networks can be used for applications like pattern recognition, noise reduction, and prediction. The key components of neural networks are neurons, synapses, weights, thresholds, and activation functions. Neural networks offer advantages like adaptability and fault tolerance, though they are not exact and can be complex. Examples of neural network applications discussed include object trajectory learning, radiosity for virtual reality, speechreading, target detection and tracking, and robotics.
A basic overview, application and usage of MATLAB for engineers. It covered very basics essential that will help one to get started with MATLAB programming easily.
Provided by IDEAS2IGNITE
This document provides an introduction to neural networks, including their basic components and types. It discusses neurons, activation functions, different types of neural networks based on connection type, topology, and learning methods. It also covers applications of neural networks in areas like pattern recognition and control systems. Neural networks have advantages like the ability to learn from experience and handle incomplete information, but also disadvantages like the need for training and high processing times for large networks. In conclusion, neural networks can provide more human-like artificial intelligence by taking approximation and hard-coded reactions out of AI design, though they still require fine-tuning.
- The document introduces artificial neural networks, which aim to mimic the structure and functions of the human brain.
- It describes the basic components of artificial neurons and how they are modeled after biological neurons. It also explains different types of neural network architectures.
- The document discusses supervised and unsupervised learning in neural networks. It provides details on the backpropagation algorithm, a commonly used method for training multilayer feedforward neural networks using gradient descent.
The document discusses the proposed high-speed rail corridor between Mumbai and Nagpur in India. It outlines key factors considered for route selection, including technical feasibility, operational efficiency, and environmental impact. The proposed route would connect 12 stations across Maharashtra. Construction of the corridor is planned to be done in phases over 4-5 years. The document also provides details about track design and maintenance for high-speed rail networks.
This document summarizes a study on using ultrasonic pulse velocity testing to evaluate cement-stabilized clayey soil. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the compaction properties of clayey soil mixed with varying percentages of cement (0-10%). Specimens were compacted and their maximum dry density, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and transmission time were measured. The results showed that adding cement increased the soil's maximum dry density, ultrasonic pulse velocity, durability, and reduced volume changes. Graphs of the data indicated velocity and density increased with higher cement content. The researchers concluded that ultrasonic pulse velocity testing can be used as an alternative to conventional field testing methods for evaluating the compaction of cement-stabilized soils.
This document discusses a traffic survey conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Square in Puducherry, India to collect data for designing a grade separator at the intersection. The intersection is a five-arm junction where a national highway and coastal road cross. Traffic surveys were done according to Indian standards to determine traffic volumes on each arm. The surveys found the highest hourly traffic to be 12,434 passenger car units during peak hours. Daily average traffic was highest on the Chennai, Cuddalore, and Puducherry arms. The data collected will be used to design a grade separator to reduce traffic congestion at the busy intersection while working within the available space constraints.
IRJET- Analysis and Design of a Bridge at Bhoothathankettu BarrageIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the analysis and design of a bridge at Bhoothathankettu Barrage in Kerala, India. The bridge has a total span of 211 meters divided into 10 spans of 21.1 meters each. STAAD Pro software was used to analyze the bridge. The superstructure consists of prestressed concrete girders and the substructure consists of reinforced concrete. Details of the deck slab, cantilever portion, longitudinal girders, cross girders, and bearings are provided. The prestressing losses at various stages are calculated. The results of the STAAD analysis including bending moment and shear force diagrams are presented.
The document discusses the Delhi Metro rail system and provides details about Larsen & Toubro (L&T) and Shanghai Urban Construction Group (SUCG) who were involved in a joint venture project for Delhi Metro. It summarizes the key aspects of the joint venture project between L&T and SUCG for contract CC-27 which included the design and construction of a tunnel and five underground metro stations on the Janakpuri West-Botanical Garden corridor of Delhi Metro Phase III. Geotechnical reports informed the use of bottom-up construction for the Vasant Vihar station due to the soil profile containing medium hard rocks.
DETERMINATION OF STRENGTH OF SOIL AND ITS STABILITY USING NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTSIRJET Journal
This document discusses using ultrasonic pulse velocity testing (UPV) to determine the strength and stability of soil in a non-destructive manner. The study mixes black soil with different stabilizers and uses UPV to measure the pulse velocity through compacted soil samples. Higher velocities indicate denser, stronger soil. Correlations are made between pulse velocity and dry density from standard compaction tests. The study aims to evaluate how stabilizers change the engineering properties of black soil and determine if they can be used as soil stabilizers. UPV provides a quick, non-destructive alternative to conventional compaction tests for analyzing soil properties.
Intelligent Bridge Seismic Monitoring System Based on Neuro Genetic HybridTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The natural disaster and design mistake can damage the bridge structure. The damage caused a severe safety problem to human.The study aims to develop the intelligent system for bridge health monitoring due to earthquake load. The Genetic Algorithm method in Neuro-Genetic hybrid has applied to optimize the acceptable Neural Network weight.The acceleration, displacement and time history of the bridge structural responses are used as the input, while the output is the damage level of the bridge. The system displays the alert warning of decks based on result prediction of Neural Network analysis. The best-predicted rate for the training, testing and validation process is 0.986, 0.99, and 0.975 respectively. The result shows the damage level prediction is agreeable to the damage actual values. Therefore, this method in the bridge monitoring system can help the bridge authorities to predict the health condition of the bridge rapidly at any given time.
SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS USING GeoStudio AND PLAXIS 2D SOFTWARE: A COMPARATIV...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study of slope stability analysis using GeoStudio and PLAXIS 2D software. The study focuses on analyzing a slope in the Thodupuzha-Cheruthoni road in Kerala, India that is prone to landslides. Laboratory tests are conducted to determine the soil properties at the site. Numerical models are developed using GeoStudio and PLAXIS to analyze seepage patterns and slope stability. The factor of safety results from both software are compared to identify any differences in their accuracy and efficiency for seepage and slope stability analysis of road embankments. The findings of this study can help determine the most appropriate software for analyzing slope stability and maintaining safe slopes for roads.
SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS USING GeoStudio AND PLAXIS 2D SOFTWARE: A COMPARATIV...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study of slope stability analysis using GeoStudio and PLAXIS 2D software. The study focuses on analyzing a slope in the Thodupuzha-Cheruthoni road in Kerala, India that is prone to landslides. Laboratory tests are conducted to determine the soil properties at the site. Numerical models are developed using GeoStudio and PLAXIS to analyze seepage patterns and slope stability. The factor of safety results from both software are compared to identify any differences in their accuracy and efficiency for seepage and slope stability analysis of road embankments. The findings of this study can help determine the most appropriate software for analyzing slope stability and maintaining safe slopes for roads.
The document provides details about an internship at a construction site for the new High Court Complex in Madras, India. The interns learned construction management techniques used at the site and assisted with supervising construction of stairs, plastering, tiling, and door frames. They observed laying of pile foundations, pre-stressed concrete slabs, and post-tensioning slabs. The interns also helped fix issues like a leak in an overhead water tank. The 13-day internship concluded with an overview of estimation and billing processes based on worker hours.
This document provides details about a summer training report completed by Ankit Gautam on an overhead bridge construction project by U.P. State Bridge Corporation Ltd. It includes information about the project location, duration, features of the project such as dimensions and materials used. It also describes the various machines and equipment used in construction including hydraulic cranes, concrete mixers, auto levels, and pre-stressing jacks. Finally, it discusses the key components of the bridge including reinforced earth walls, piers, bearings, and pre-stressing of concrete.
Similar to Prediction of compressive strength of concrete with a (12)
Enhanced Enterprise Intelligence with your personal AI Data Copilot.pdfGetInData
Recently we have observed the rise of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) that are community-driven or developed by the AI market leaders, such as Meta (Llama3), Databricks (DBRX) and Snowflake (Arctic). On the other hand, there is a growth in interest in specialized, carefully fine-tuned yet relatively small models that can efficiently assist programmers in day-to-day tasks. Finally, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architectures have gained a lot of traction as the preferred approach for LLMs context and prompt augmentation for building conversational SQL data copilots, code copilots and chatbots.
In this presentation, we will show how we built upon these three concepts a robust Data Copilot that can help to democratize access to company data assets and boost performance of everyone working with data platforms.
Why do we need yet another (open-source ) Copilot?
How can we build one?
Architecture and evaluation
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Round table discussion of vector databases, unstructured data, ai, big data, real-time, robots and Milvus.
A lively discussion with NJ Gen AI Meetup Lead, Prasad and Procure.FYI's Co-Found
STATATHON: Unleashing the Power of Statistics in a 48-Hour Knowledge Extravag...sameer shah
"Join us for STATATHON, a dynamic 2-day event dedicated to exploring statistical knowledge and its real-world applications. From theory to practice, participants engage in intensive learning sessions, workshops, and challenges, fostering a deeper understanding of statistical methodologies and their significance in various fields."
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdfSocial Samosa
According to Ipsos AI Monitor's 2024 report, 65% Indians said that products and services using AI have profoundly changed their daily life in the past 3-5 years.
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024Lars Albertsson
We describe how we achieve high change agility in data engineering by eliminating the fear of breaking downstream data pipelines through end-to-end pipeline testing, and by using schema metaprogramming to safely eliminate boilerplate involved in changes that affect whole pipelines.
A quick poll on agility in changing pipelines from end to end indicated a huge span in capabilities. For the question "How long time does it take for all downstream pipelines to be adapted to an upstream change," the median response was 6 months, but some respondents could do it in less than a day. When quantitative data engineering differences between the best and worst are measured, the span is often 100x-1000x, sometimes even more.
A long time ago, we suffered at Spotify from fear of changing pipelines due to not knowing what the impact might be downstream. We made plans for a technical solution to test pipelines end-to-end to mitigate that fear, but the effort failed for cultural reasons. We eventually solved this challenge, but in a different context. In this presentation we will describe how we test full pipelines effectively by manipulating workflow orchestration, which enables us to make changes in pipelines without fear of breaking downstream.
Making schema changes that affect many jobs also involves a lot of toil and boilerplate. Using schema-on-read mitigates some of it, but has drawbacks since it makes it more difficult to detect errors early. We will describe how we have rejected this tradeoff by applying schema metaprogramming, eliminating boilerplate but keeping the protection of static typing, thereby further improving agility to quickly modify data pipelines without fear.
Beyond the Basics of A/B Tests: Highly Innovative Experimentation Tactics You...Aggregage
This webinar will explore cutting-edge, less familiar but powerful experimentation methodologies which address well-known limitations of standard A/B Testing. Designed for data and product leaders, this session aims to inspire the embrace of innovative approaches and provide insights into the frontiers of experimentation!
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...Social Samosa
The Modern Marketing Reckoner (MMR) is a comprehensive resource packed with POVs from 60+ industry leaders on how AI is transforming the 4 key pillars of marketing – product, place, price and promotions.
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
https://www.meetup.com/unstructured-data-meetup-new-york/
This meetup is for people working in unstructured data. Speakers will come present about related topics such as vector databases, LLMs, and managing data at scale. The intended audience of this group includes roles like machine learning engineers, data scientists, data engineers, software engineers, and PMs.This meetup was formerly Milvus Meetup, and is sponsored by Zilliz maintainers of Milvus.
Prediction of compressive strength of concrete with a
1. Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete with
a Skewed Pattern-Application of Artificial Neural
Network Approach
Firoj Ahmmed Patwary
Student, Department of Statistics, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100
Azizur Rahman
Lecturer, Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar-1342
Morsheda Begum
Assistant Professor, Jagannath University, Dhaka-1100