This document discusses a traffic survey conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Square in Puducherry, India to collect data for designing a grade separator at the intersection. The intersection is a five-arm junction where a national highway and coastal road cross. Traffic surveys were done according to Indian standards to determine traffic volumes on each arm. The surveys found the highest hourly traffic to be 12,434 passenger car units during peak hours. Daily average traffic was highest on the Chennai, Cuddalore, and Puducherry arms. The data collected will be used to design a grade separator to reduce traffic congestion at the busy intersection while working within the available space constraints.

1. Traffic Survey Procedure for Construction of
Grade Separators
Ms.A.V.Vinoshri Mr.R.Thirumalai Raja
M.E. IInd Year Assistant Professor
Dr. Pauls Engineering College Dr.Pauls Engineering College
Tamil Nadu,INDIA Tamil Nadu,INDIA
Email ID: avvinoshri@gmail.com Email ID: malai_gtsri@yahoo.in
Abstract: This project deals with construction of Grade Separator so it need traffic data for design
and drafting. The location site is Rajiv Gandhi Square in Puducherry which is 5 arm junction of
connecting NH 66 and ECR Chennai. Traffic surveys are conducted as per Indian Standards which
show the traffic movement In each five arm in junction. This project aim is to reduce traffic
congestion in appropriate junction with available area which gives remedy through construction of
Grade Separators.
Key words : Grade Separators, Rajiv Gandhi Square, Traffic congestion, Traffic separation.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Transportation contributes to the economic, industrial,
social and cultural development of any country.
Puducherry is a city, an urban agglomeration and a
municipality in Puducherry district in the Indian union
territory of Puducherry. Rajiv Gandhi Square is one of
the major intersections in Puducherry City. The
National Highway - 66 (Tindivanam – Puducherry)
and East Cost Road (Chennai – Cuddalore) are
crossing each other almost perpendicularly. The
Puducherry – Vazhudavur Road join with NH-66
Tindivanam arm within 75m from the junction. Both
the junctions are signalized and signal co-ordination is
in place for control the traffic movements. The project
junction is in a plain terrain, within the built up areas. It
is observed that the major roads in the project
location predominantly has a straight alignment and
traverses through plain terrain. The horizontal curves
in general conform to acceptable geometric standards
in terms of horizontal curve, radius and sight distance.
Objectives of traffic survey are to construction of
grade separator and allow traffic to move freely. April
to early June, when maximum temperatures
frequently hit the 41o C mark. The average maximum
temperature is 36o C. Minimum temperatures are in
the order of 28 - 32 o C. This is followed by a period of
high humidity and occasional thundershowers from
June till September.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Kavitha, Jaya kumari, Jeeva, Bavithra,
Kokila.Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for
Women, Deviyakurichi, Analysis and design of
grade separator done by salem college students
traffic survey was conducted to know the hourly
Passenger Car Unit (HPCU) at four road
Intersection, salem From survey the value of HPCU
of the intersection is 6547 taking the design period
of 30 years, the value of HPCU is found 65273.
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
Methodology for carrying out the works is in line with
the requirements of the project. The methodology
adopted is described in subsequent section of this
chapter.
3.1 RECONNAISSANCE SURVEY
The detailed ground reconnaissance was
undertaken after a preliminary reconnaissance
survey.
3.2 TOPOGRAPHICAL SURVEY
The Topographic survey was carried out for the
project area as per ToR, based on the IRC
guidelines. The survey was undertaken by Total
Station and GPS to develop a Digital Terrain Model
(DTM). The basic objective of the topographic
survey is to capture the essential ground features
along the road in order to workout Grade Separator
alignment, at grade improvements and for working
out detailed design All the Survey Data are
processed to generate DTM (Digital Terrain Model)
in MX compatible format and Civil 3D. Processed
data is submitted in AutoCAD 3D format using layer
systems.
3.3 ROAD INVENTORY SURVEY
After having a detailed reconnaissance survey, a
field inventory of the project roads was carried out.
The objective of the road inventory survey was to
assess the potential capacity of the project roads.
Road inventory was done by physical measurement

2. and visual evaluation. The data collected were right
of way, carriageway, surface type, abutting land use,
drainage condition, etc. The existing ROW of the
roads was measured in the field. Due to absence of
ROW stones and markings on the ground, the land
width between properties on either side of the road
was considered as available ROW of the particular
road. The Footpath is existing on either side of
Chennai arm. The Strom Water Drain of 0.8m to
1.5m size is existing in all the direction of project
junction.
3.4 PAVEMENT CONDITION SURVEY
The condition of the pavement is assessed as per
IRC: 82 – 1982 by walking along the project roads
for a close inspection. The assessment survey
determines the pavement condition, shoulder
condition and condition of other road features.
Pavement Condition Survey was carried out to
identify the type of distress and to estimate the
extent of distress indicators. Generally the East Cost
Road (Chennai - Cuddalore) has a good BT surface
of six lane configuration with central median, but the
footpath over drain is in poor condition. NH-66
(Puducherry – Tindivanam) has a good BT surface
of four lane configuration with central median.
Vazhudavur road has a fair BT surface of two lane
configuration.
3.5 TRAFFIC SURVEY
Traffic surveys are intended to understand the
exising traffic scenario on the project area and to
identify the improvements required for upgrading
them to have better facilities. The following primary
traffic surveys were conducted on the project roads.
3.6 PEAK HOURS TRAFFIC VOLUME
The peak hour traffic volume recorded between
08:45 to 09:45 hrs and the peak hour volume
accounts for 8.97 percent of the total 16 hour
volume. The highest intersection service volume for
one hour was 12434 PCUs
Cuddalore arm of ECR : 5810 PCU
Chennai arm of ECR : 5341 PCU
Puducherry arm of NH 66 : 5052 PCU
Vazhudavur Road arm : 4713 PCU
Tindivanam arm of NH 66 : 3951 PCU
3.7 PAVEMENT COMPOSITION
Existing road has been built over the span of several
years. No clear history and composition of the
existing pavement may be available. In order to
assess the composition of the existing pavement
and to determine the strength of existing sub grade
soil, trial pit investigations conducted on the existing
road. Existing road has been built over the span of
several years. No clear history and composition of
the existing pavement may be available. In order to
assess the composition of the existing pavement
and to determine the strength of existing sub grade
soil, trial pit investigations conducted on the existing
road.
3.8. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
The soil type on project junction is varies from Silty
to Gravelly soil. The CBR of existing sub-grade soil
is varies from 7% to 8.5%. The pavement crust for
project junction is different in composition and
thickness at various arms. The project road
consisting about 250mm Granular Sub Base layer
followed with 200mm to 300mm Water Bound
Macadam layer. Over that, a 200 mm thick
bituminous course layers are observed.
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The above mentioned surveys are give clear traffic
inflow and outflow of junction and result are given
below as picture representation

3. Table 1- Details Average Daily Traffic

4. 5. CONCLUSION
The traffic survey procedure are done to construct a
Grade Separator and this data can be utilized for
future traffic forecaste. Through this study the Daily
Average Traffic is more in chennai, cuddalore and
puducherry arm. The Rajiv Gandhi Square in
puducherry is a gateway to other cities hence it need
grade separator on consideration with space
restriction around the site and traffic care is needed.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank Dr.Pauls
Engineering college, villupuram for their support in
carrying out this work. I am very much obliged to our
HOD Mrs.J.P.Annie Sweetlin,M.Tech.,(Ph.D) for her
guidance and supported to carry out the work
effectively. I would like to extend my gratitude and
thanks to our beloved parents for their constant
support and encouragement to complete this project.
REFERENCES
[1] Kavitha, Jaya kumari, Jeeva, Bavithra,
Kokila.Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for
Women, Deviyakurichi, in National Conference
on Research Advances in Communication,
Computation, Electrical Science and Structures
(NCRACCESS-2015)
[2] IRC Sp:090 Manual for Grade Separators and
elevated
[3] IRC-SP-41-1994 Guidelines for design of graded
intersection.
[4] S.K.Khanna and C.E.G Justo Highway
Engineering Eighth Edition.
[5] Mathew, (2014) in Times journals Interchanges