The document discusses the principles and practices of responsive web design (RWD), emphasizing three key components: a flexible grid, flexible images, and media queries. It highlights the growing importance of mobile accessibility as smartphone usage increases, suggesting that effective planning and implementation of RWD strategies are essential. The text also covers technical details like CSS3 features, mobile viewports, and tools like modernizr.js to ensure compatibility across devices.

1. Beyond “Responsive Web Design”
“...let a thousand devices bloom...”

2. Who am I?

3. Responsive Web Design?

4. Ethan Marcotte (@beep),
“On Being Responsive”
“A responsive design is
composed of three
distinct parts:”

5. 1. A flexible grid.

6. 1. A flexible grid.
2. Flexible images.
Or more specifically, images
that work in a flexible context.

7. 1. A flexible grid.
2. Flexible images.
Or more specifically, images
that work in a flexible context.
3. Media queries.

8. Great.
So what do Responsive
Web Designs look like?

9. Colly.com?

10. Flexible grid Flexible images Media queries

11. “Switchy” design
Not responsive design

12. Hicksdesign.co.uk?

13. Flexible grid Flexible images Media queries

14. Awesome.
So why do I care?

15. “RWD is just fancy tricks
for mobile, and no one
uses mobile anyway.”
“iPhones and Android phones can
browse the current web just fine.”

16. Really? Think again.

17. What is “mobile?”

18. 2010: 38% of US cell
phone users access the
Internet on their phones
(about 89 million)
53% of cell phone
Internet users access
websites at least once
per day
In 2009, only 17% of US
cell phone users owned
smartphones
http://goo.gl/YMtgf

19. So how do we do
this thing?

20. It all starts with planning.

21. Luke Wroblewski (@lukew):
http://goo.gl/0kTal

24. More space shouldn’t
mean more stuff.

25. Back to the basics:
1. A flexible grid.
2. Flexible images.
3. Media queries.

26. Flexible / Fluid Grids
• Size everything in ems
or percentages
• Flexible: Ems for
everything
• Fluid: Percentages for
width, ems for height
• The Golden Formula:
target ÷ context = result

27. You’re already halfway there...

28. Flexible Images
Two methods:
foreground (<img>)
and background (CSS)

29. Flexible <img>s
• max-width: 100%;
width: 100%;
• overflow: hidden;

30. Flexible backgrounds
Use background-position to selectively crop your backgrounds
http://goo.gl/YLLC3

31. Responsive Images
• Uses .htaccess to look
for “responsive” image
requests, and feeds
them a 1px
transparent .gif
• Then, uses JS to
detect browser width
and load the
appropriate-size image
accordingly
http://goo.gl/Eu3zA

32. And now, the moment you’ve
been waiting for...

33. Media Queries
• Ever make a print stylesheet before?
• <link rel=”stylesheet” href=”#”
media=”screen” />
• <link rel=”stylesheet” href=”#”
media=”print” />

34. Media Queries
In your HTML:
<link rel=”stylesheet” href=”#”
media=”screen and (min-device-width: 640px)” />
In a stylesheet:
@media screen and (orientation:landscape) {
#content { ... }
}

35. • height • color
• width • color-index
• device-height • monochrome
• device-width • resolution
• orientation • scan
• aspect-ratio • grid
• device-aspect-ratio

36. Remember: Mobile First!
• No support for media queries
is the first media query
• Mobile stylesheet
+ media queries
= desktop site

37. Mobile Viewports
• Newer smartphones
pretend to be much
larger than they actually
are (980px for iPhone)...
• ...meaning they get your
desktop stylesheet.

38. Mobile Viewports
<meta name=”viewport”
content=”width=device-width,
initial-scale=1.0” />

39. Going “beyond...”

40. CSS3 Transforms
• rotate
• skew
• scale
• -transform-origin

41. CSS3 Transitions
-transition: property duration easing
• all • ease
• opacity • ease-in
• font-size • ease-out
• text-shadow • ease-in-out
• color • linear
• height • cubic-bezier
• width
• left
• top...

42. CSS3 Transitions
nav li a {
color: rgb(0,0,0);
-webkit-transition: all 1s ease-out;
}
nav li a:hover {
color: rgb(200,0,0);
-webkit-transition: all 1s ease-in;
}

43. CSS3 Animation
• Define keyframes in CSS
• Set duration, number of iterations,
animation direction, timing function
• only works in webkit

44. What if my phone
can’t do that?

45. Modernizr.js

47. yepnope.js

48. “The choice is not between
using media queries and creating
a dedicated mobile site; the
choice is between using media
queries and doing nothing at all.”
- Jeremy Keith,
“A responsive mind”

49. That’s about it...
Questions?
@kzurawel
http://arborwebsolutions.com