This document outlines an educational seminar on educational objectives in nursing education. It defines educational objectives and discusses how they are classified. Specifically, it covers Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives, which categorizes objectives into cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The document also describes best practices for writing behavioral objectives and their advantages and weaknesses.
Indian citizens possessing foreign nursing qualification are examined individually & after examination the syllabi and conformation from concerned foreign authorities, the nurses are granted approval for registration in India with the recommendation of equivalence committee under Section 11(2)(a) INC Act. 1947.
“Let us never consider ourselves as finished nurses….. We must be learning all our lives”
-Florence Nightingale
The idea of continuing education in nursing is as old as organized nursing, but the concept of lifelong learning for the practitioner has developed slowly.
Measurement, Evaluation and Assesment of Nursing EducationWajid Farooq
One of the most basic and difficult task that teacher face in their work is the process of evaluation classroom. Evaluation include all the processes involved in making decision about students learning progress. It includes the observation of students written work. Their answers to questions in class, and performance on teacher made and standard tests.
Course equivalency , transcript and credit systemDeblina Roy
How are the courses equivalent and how to chose the best of the study and what do you mean by transcripts in modern education and credit hours and the credit system
Indian citizens possessing foreign nursing qualification are examined individually & after examination the syllabi and conformation from concerned foreign authorities, the nurses are granted approval for registration in India with the recommendation of equivalence committee under Section 11(2)(a) INC Act. 1947.
“Let us never consider ourselves as finished nurses….. We must be learning all our lives”
-Florence Nightingale
The idea of continuing education in nursing is as old as organized nursing, but the concept of lifelong learning for the practitioner has developed slowly.
Measurement, Evaluation and Assesment of Nursing EducationWajid Farooq
One of the most basic and difficult task that teacher face in their work is the process of evaluation classroom. Evaluation include all the processes involved in making decision about students learning progress. It includes the observation of students written work. Their answers to questions in class, and performance on teacher made and standard tests.
Course equivalency , transcript and credit systemDeblina Roy
How are the courses equivalent and how to chose the best of the study and what do you mean by transcripts in modern education and credit hours and the credit system
Intended Learning Outcome for improving the Quality of higher EducationMd. Nazrul Islam
A Programme defines study or learning required to achieve an award or qualification
A Programme Specification is required by the QAA for each award or qualification and defines the threshold learning outcomes for the programme
A Programme comprises a number of modules each of which is separately assessed and earns credit when successfully completed
Using the outcomes model each Module Description defines the intended (threshold?) learning outcomes, the syllabus coverage and the assessment methods and criteria for the module.
Achievement of Module Learning Outcome should contribute to a student’s satisfaction with the programme learning outcomes
The students of the HEIs will be able to design their learning outcomes and the faculties will be able to improve the respective curriculum design and review by this procedure and at the same time, the standard of the question will also be improved.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
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Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
2. •GENERAL OBJECTIVE:
• After the completion of seminar the
students will be able to understand
about the concept of educational
objectives and its application in
nursing education.
3. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
•After the completion of seminar the
students are able to:
•Define educational objectives.
•Classify educational objectives.
•Explain Bloom’s taxonomy of
educational objectives.
•Recognize the implications of Bloom’s
taxonomy of educational objectives.
•Describe the quality of an ideal
educational objective.
4. • Explain the different ways of stating
objectives.
• Describe the components of behavioral
objectives.
•State behavioral objectives correctly.
• Explain the advantages of behavioral
objectives.
•Identify the strengths and weaknesses
of behavioral objectives.
5. The role of educational objectives in
evaluation of nursing students.
Discuss two evidence based research
practice related to educational
objectives
6.
7.
8. DEFINITION:
•Educational objectives are the
statement of those desired changes
in behavior as a result of specific
teaching –learning activity or specific
teacher – learner activities.
10. Educational objectives are classified as
following:
1. Institutional or General Objectives.
2. Intermediate Objectives.
3. Instructional Objectives.
11. In another classification, educational
objectives are classified into:
• Central Objectives.
• Contributory Objectives and
• Indirect Objectives
12.
13. •Bloom and his associates developed a
system of classification of objectives
called the taxonomy of educational
objectives.
•Taxonomy of educational objectives
classifies into three main domains and
each of these is further categorized
according to the level of behavior,
progressing from the most simple to
the highly complex.
14. COGNITIVE DOMAIN:
•The cognitive domain consists of six
levels of objectives, each of which is
divided into subcategories. Let us see
the six levels in brief.
15.
16. •LEVEL 1 KNOWLEDGE:
Knowledge is defined as recall of
specifics and universal, recall of
methods and processes or the recall of
a pattern, structure or the setting.
17. • Knowledge of specifics includes
knowledge of terminology and
knowledge of specific facts. Knowledge
of specifics includes:
(a) Knowledge of conventions.
(b) Knowledge of trends and sequence.
(c) Knowledge of classification and
categories.
(d) Knowledge of criteria.
(e) Knowledge of methodology.
18. • Knowledge of the universals and
abstractions in a field include:
(a) Knowledge of principles and
generalizations.
(b) Knowledge of theories and structures
action verbs related to this level of
objective are:
( define , state , list , name , outline ,
write , recall , recognize , label ,
underline, select , measure , describe
,identify , etc.)
19. •LEVEL 2 – COMPREHENSION:
This level represents the lowest level
of understanding.
Typical verbs used at this level are
identify , justify , select , indicate ,
illustrate , , represent , name ,
formulate , explain , judge , contrast ,
classify , paraphrase , translate ,
convert , etc.
20. LEVEL 3 – APPLICATION
This is the ability to use learned materials
such as rules, principles, concepts, etc
to new and real situations.
The learning outcome in this area
requires a higher level of understanding
than those under comprehension. (Verbs
used at this level are predict , select ,
assess, explain , choose , find , show ,
demonstrate , construct , compute , use
, perform , discover, prepare , produce ,
relate , etc .)
21. LEVEL 4- ANALYSIS:
This refers to the ability to breakdown
information into its component parts,
which may be elements of information,
relationships between elements or
organization and structure of
information
22. Action verbs at this level are analyze ,
identify , conclude , differentiate ,
select , separate , compare , contrast,
justify , resolve , breakdown , criticize,
differentiates , discriminates,
distinguishes, etc.
23. LEVEL 5- SYNTHESIS
Learning outcome in this area stress
creative behaviors with major
emphasis on the formulation of new
patterns or structures.
Verbs that represent this level are
combine , restate , summarize,
precise , argue , discuss , organize ,
derive , select , relate , generalize,
conclude , compile , compose , create
, devise , plan , etc .
24. LEVEL 6 – EVALUATION:
•This level is concerned with the ability
to judge the value of material for a
given purpose. Judgments are to be
based on definite criteria. Typical verbs
are judge , evaluate , determine ,
recognize , support , defend , criticize ,
identify , avoid , select , choose ,
compare , contrast , justify , appraise ,
etc .
31. DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENT WAYS OF
STATING OF BEHAVIORAL
OBJECTIVES.
•Teacher centered objectives
•Subject centered objective
• Learner centered objectives
• Behavior centered objective
32. THE COMPONENTS OF
BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES:
•When written in behavioral term an
objective will include three
components namely condition of
performance, student behavior and
performance criteria or standard.
33. EXPLAIN THE ADVANTAGES OF
BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES
•(a) Provides an opportunity for the
teacher to examine the content which
she is going to teach and motivates
her to present the content to student in
friendly manner.
34. • (b) Helps the teacher to determine
whether or not he had actually taught
what is intended to teach .
• (c) The use of behaviorally stated
objectives motivates the teacher to
consistently evaluate a student’s
performance , this will ultimately help
her to individualize instruction in a
better way
35. •(d) Justifies the selection of content ,
learning experiences and teaching-
learning methods .
•(e) Behavioral objectives can be written
for cognitive, affective and psychomotor
domains. This will allow nurse
educators to frame objectives in a
realistic way suitable to the aims of
nursing education.
36. WEAKNESSES OF BEHAVIORAL
OBJECTIVES.
• (a) They are highly instrumental,
regarding education as
instrumentally rather than intrinsically
worthwhile.
• (b) They render students and
teachers passive recipients of
curricula rather than participants in a
process of negotiation
37. • Education becomes the techniques,
tending towards low level training rather
than higher level thinking.
• (e) Because they are ‘teacher-proof
‘they build out teacher’s autonomy.
• (f) They lead to predictability rather than
open-endedness, discovery, serendipity,
creativity and spontaneity.
38. •(g) The process of education is
overtaken by outcome dependence.
•(h) They replace the significance of
understanding in an emphasis on
behavior.
•(I) Epistemologically rather than an
empirical view of knowledge.
• (j) They mistakenly ‘parcel up ‘and
atomise knowledge