This document proposes a dual combustion internal combustion engine that uses hydrogen and gasoline/diesel as fuels. It has upper and lower combustion chambers that operate alternately. Hydrogen would be injected into the lower chamber while gasoline/diesel would be used in the upper chamber. This design aims to leverage the benefits of hydrogen such as high flame speed and low emissions, while utilizing the existing infrastructure for liquid fuels. Calculations indicate the engine could produce 962.7 Nm of torque. The document discusses the working, valve timing, piston design, injection methods, engine balancing and concludes this dual-fuel engine could help conserve resources for future generations.
hydrogen stored in hydride compounds can be extracted in economical method suggested by cell energy. It can be used as a fuel additive or in fuel cells.
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
What is hydrogen powered tractor? and it's component.
then how to fuel cell work ? Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen powered tractor. and how does it work.
hydrogen stored in hydride compounds can be extracted in economical method suggested by cell energy. It can be used as a fuel additive or in fuel cells.
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of mechanical and civil engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in mechanical and civil engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
What is hydrogen powered tractor? and it's component.
then how to fuel cell work ? Advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen powered tractor. and how does it work.
HHO (Oxy-Hydrogen) is non-toxic gas, used as a supplement to any traditional fuels such as Petrol (Gasoline), Diesel, Heavy oil, Acetylene, Propane, Kerosene, LPG etc to.
Increse Engine Performance, Milage
Polution Free Exhaust
www.watercar.in
Application of dry cell hho gas generator with pulse width modulation on sinj...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Dry cell HHO gas generator performance optimization was done by varying the duty cycle of pulse width modulation, pwm. HHO
gas generated subsequently applied to the Sinjai spark ignition engine port injection, 2-cylinder 650 cc with gas inlet mechanism
using a venturi. Variations performed on HHO gas generator is the duty cycle of pwm, ie 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% (or the
same as non pwm). The parameters of performance were calculated includes specific energy input, efficiency and temperature of
the HHO generator. HHO gas is obtained then used as a fuel mixture in the Sinjai engine and inserted through a venturi
mechanism which is mounted on the duct of combustion air inlet. Furthermore, the effect of the addition of HHO gas on the
performance of the Sinjai engine measured includes parameters of torque, power, BMEP, specific fuel consumption and thermal
efficiency. Sinjai engine performance optimization done on setting ignition timing for minimum advance for best torque, MBT
mechanism. The results show that optimum performance of HHO gas generator is generated by pwm system with 40% duty cycle
with parameters such as specific energy input of 33,121 MJ/kg, generator efficiency of 20,064% and generator temperature can
be maintained below 60 0C. Application of HHO gas generator in point above on standart ignition timing Sinjai engine produce
in an increase of performance such as torque, power, BMEP and thermal efficiency respectively of 2.27%, 2.76% and 3.05% and
a decrease of bsfc 7.76 %. Retarded ignition timing is adjusted to MBT is able to increase performance such as torque, power,
thermal efficiency, respectively 6.55%, 7,65%, 15,50% and a decrease of bsfc 22,06 %.
Keywords: Sinjai Engine, HHO Gas Generator, HHO Gas, PWM, MBT And Engine Performance
Bartholomy Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles Using Mazda Rotary PrototypeCardinaleWay Mazda
Experience Mazda Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and Culture by Visiting and joining the Official Mazda Community at http://www.MazdaCommunity.org for additional insight into the Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and special offers for Mazda Community Members. If you live in Arizona, check out CardinaleWay Mazda's eCommerce website at http://www.Cardinale-Way-Mazda.com
It's a technology to generating the electricity by using fuel cell. It is being used now in automobiles, transport vehicles and others various fields. So it is a very effective technology for generating electricity. it has so many advantages and benefits.
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are zero emission and run on compressed hydrogen fed into a fuel cell "stack" that produces electricity to power the vehicle. A fuel cell can be used in combination with an electric motor to drive a vehicle – quietly, powerfully and cleanly.
HHO (Oxy-Hydrogen) is non-toxic gas, used as a supplement to any traditional fuels such as Petrol (Gasoline), Diesel, Heavy oil, Acetylene, Propane, Kerosene, LPG etc to.
Increse Engine Performance, Milage
Polution Free Exhaust
www.watercar.in
Application of dry cell hho gas generator with pulse width modulation on sinj...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Dry cell HHO gas generator performance optimization was done by varying the duty cycle of pulse width modulation, pwm. HHO
gas generated subsequently applied to the Sinjai spark ignition engine port injection, 2-cylinder 650 cc with gas inlet mechanism
using a venturi. Variations performed on HHO gas generator is the duty cycle of pwm, ie 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% (or the
same as non pwm). The parameters of performance were calculated includes specific energy input, efficiency and temperature of
the HHO generator. HHO gas is obtained then used as a fuel mixture in the Sinjai engine and inserted through a venturi
mechanism which is mounted on the duct of combustion air inlet. Furthermore, the effect of the addition of HHO gas on the
performance of the Sinjai engine measured includes parameters of torque, power, BMEP, specific fuel consumption and thermal
efficiency. Sinjai engine performance optimization done on setting ignition timing for minimum advance for best torque, MBT
mechanism. The results show that optimum performance of HHO gas generator is generated by pwm system with 40% duty cycle
with parameters such as specific energy input of 33,121 MJ/kg, generator efficiency of 20,064% and generator temperature can
be maintained below 60 0C. Application of HHO gas generator in point above on standart ignition timing Sinjai engine produce
in an increase of performance such as torque, power, BMEP and thermal efficiency respectively of 2.27%, 2.76% and 3.05% and
a decrease of bsfc 7.76 %. Retarded ignition timing is adjusted to MBT is able to increase performance such as torque, power,
thermal efficiency, respectively 6.55%, 7,65%, 15,50% and a decrease of bsfc 22,06 %.
Keywords: Sinjai Engine, HHO Gas Generator, HHO Gas, PWM, MBT And Engine Performance
Bartholomy Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles Using Mazda Rotary PrototypeCardinaleWay Mazda
Experience Mazda Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and Culture by Visiting and joining the Official Mazda Community at http://www.MazdaCommunity.org for additional insight into the Zoom Zoom Lifestyle and special offers for Mazda Community Members. If you live in Arizona, check out CardinaleWay Mazda's eCommerce website at http://www.Cardinale-Way-Mazda.com
It's a technology to generating the electricity by using fuel cell. It is being used now in automobiles, transport vehicles and others various fields. So it is a very effective technology for generating electricity. it has so many advantages and benefits.
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are zero emission and run on compressed hydrogen fed into a fuel cell "stack" that produces electricity to power the vehicle. A fuel cell can be used in combination with an electric motor to drive a vehicle – quietly, powerfully and cleanly.
An Overview and Analysis of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technologyalecgugel1
A literature review covering the various types of hydrogen fuel cells, production methods, storage methods, and the advantages and drawbacks of each of these factors.
Blutip Power, a division of Hy-Drive Technologies Ltd., is a technology company headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. The Company has invested in the research and development of hydrogen and control technology resulting in a proprietary, patented and patent-pending hydrogen generating system ("HGS®") and advancement in multi-fuel universal combustion controls. blutip's Hy-Drive HGS enriches the fuel-air charge of an internal combustion engine with hydrogen produced through electrolysis and uses its proprietary software controls to improve combustion of the fuel-air mixture. The result is improved fuel economy and reduced opacity (particulates).
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HYDROGEN FUELED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINEijsrd.com
In the history of internal combustion engine development, hydrogen has been considered at several phases as a substitute of hydrocarbon-based fuels. Starting from the 70’s, there have been several attempts to convert engines for hydrogen operation. Together with the development in gas injector technology it has become possible to control precisely the injection of hydrogen for safe operation. Here we are using stainless steel plate as electrode in the electrolytic cell, the electrolyte being water and NACL salt. The electrolytic cell we used is a 12V battery case made of plastic. The cross sectional layers are cut such that the stainless steel plate fix in the battery case. The plates are separated by very small distance and the plates are given parallel holes for electron flow to be uniform. The power source to the kit is provided by a 12V and 9Ams battery. We used a transparent tube to supply the hydrogen produced in the kit to the air hose tube of our motor cycle. In order to keep the battery charged we used two 6 Amp diode to power the battery while running. There is a separate switch to power the kit and to protect the battery from getting drained. The stainless steel plates are of 50cm length, 25cm height, 2 millimeter thickness. The battery case can hold up to 5 liters of electrolyte. The use of hydrogen with petrol to power the vehicle has resulted in increase in vehicle mileage, accelerating speed with most important task of reduction in exhaust emission.
Magnetism and magnetic interactions in graphene and graphiteOleg Yazyev
Invited talk D32.00004
Focus Session D32: Spin Dependent Physics in Organic Materials and Graphene
March meeting of the American Physical Society, Pittsburgh
March 16-20, 2009
Generation Electrical Energy Using the Excess Heat of an Internal Combustion ...Mahfuj Sharod
The “energy crisis” has become the major challenge for the present humanity and mankind .According to the law of conservation of energy it is known that energy can only be transformed or be transmitted ,neither be created nor destroyed .So far while transforming energy there is nothing but a little or huge loss ,so called waste of energy .The main purpose of this presentation is to utilize the waste heat energy of an IC engine into Electrical energy.
Supercritial Fuel Injection System is a fuel injection system that can be used to reduce emissions and increase efficiency up to 50 - 70 % in an automobile.
Using hydrogen in SI engine as duel fuel method.pptxMayurSuvarna2
The ppt is about using hydrogen as a fuel in a SI engine in dual fuel mode. The various methods are suggested and also the effects in emission characteristics and difficulties.
Process Planning, Designing, Manufacturing and Fabrication is done and took the final analysis for the development of the project as it was or diploma final year project as an external all calculations and data is being mentioned in this
Variable compression ratio and heat balance sheetdishantpati
Variable compression ratio is a technology to adjust the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine while the engine is in operation. This is done to increase fuel efficiency while under varying loads.
SOLID ROCKET PROPULSION PPT ( SPACE SOLID ROCKET ).pptxAmarnathGhosh8
Rocket propulsion is a class of jet propulsion that produces thrust by ejecting burned propellant. The thrust is generated on the basis of Newton's third law of motion. Rocket propulsion systems can be broadly classified according to the type of energy source (chemical, solar, electric, or nuclear).
1. ECO IC
(HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY IN DUAL
COMBUSTION IC ENGINE)
BY
KAVIN RAJA G
KARTHIK R
MOHAMMED HASHIQ M
III YEAR MECHANICAL
SRI KRISHNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY.
2. INTRODUCTION:
• All these years fuel has been confined to be in the form of
crude oil.
• Recent study predicts by the end of 2080 the conventional
resources will almost run dry.
Fuel
Reserves
Years left
Oil
1,386 billion barrels
46.2
Coal
860,938 million tonnes
118
Gas
187.1 trillion cubic metres
58.6
3. AIR POLLUTION DUE TO FOSSIL FUELS:
• The use of automobiles contributes to serious environmental
problems including global warming, depletion of resources, air
pollution and so on.
• We are all aware of the fact of how our environment consisting
of various flora and fauna around us is getting affected by the
emission of harmful gases which are a by-product of the
combustion process taking place in the internal combustion
engines. To name a few are carbon monoxides and nitrous
oxides.
4. HYDROGEN AS FUEL:
• Two available power units for hydrogen vehicles are hydrogen
FCVs and hydrogen ICE.
• Hydrogen internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles present
much of the same promise as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
(FCVs): reduced reliance on imported oil and reduced carbon
dioxide emissions.
• But hydrogen ICE has advantage over hydrogen FCV’s since
hydrogen can power a normal 4 stroke petrol engine with some
modifications.
5. WHY USE HYDROGEN IN IC ENGINES?
PROPERTIES:
•
•
•
•
•
Lean mixture
Low ignition temperature
High diffusivity
High flame speed
Hydrogen can be obtained as a by-product of electrolysis of
water.
• Since the availability of water as a source is never a problem,
hydrogen is available in abundance.
• Hydrogen is the cleaner and greener fuel as compared to other
forms of fuels that are available today.
6.
7.
8. OUR CONCEPT:
• Two combustion chambers
– separate intake, exhaust
and ignition system
• Primary fuel – H2 (lower
chamber).
• Secondary fuel – Gasoline or
Diesel (upper chamber).
• The strokes of the upper
and the lower chamber are
designed to take place
alternatively.
UPPER
AND
LOWER
COMBUS
TION
CHAMBE
RS
HYDROGEN
INJECTOR
9. WORKING & STROKE SEQUENCE:
PETROL CHAMBER
HYDROGEN CHAMBER
Intake
Exhaust
Compression
Intake
Power
Compression
Exhaust
Power
SPARK
PLUG
H2
INJECTOR
10. VALVES SEQUENCE:
CHAMBER
STROKE 1
STROKE 2
STROKE 3
STROKE 4
PETROL
INLET VALVE
OPEN
INLET VALVE
CLOSE
EXHAUST
VALVE OPEN
EXHAUST
VALVE CLOSE
HYDROGEN
EXHAUST
VALVE CLOSE
INLET VALVE
OPEN
INLET VALVE
CLOSE
EXHAUST
VALVE OPEN
11. VALVE OPERATION:
• The engine is equipped with variable valve timing.
• The valve timing in both the chambers is adjusted such that the
power delivery is linear.
• In VVT the ECU monitors the condition of the engine to
decide when to switch to a different camshaft profile.
• Using variable valve timing further increases the efficiency,
torque and drivability of the engine.
12. CALCULATIONS:
•
Bore = 68.5 mm
•
Mass flow rate of H2 = 0.00175 kg/s
•
Stroke = 72 mm
•
Fuel Power = 78.4 KJ/s
•
RPM = 3500
•
Torque produced by the engine =
•
Compression Ratio of H2 = 21:1
•
Clearance volume for H2 = 0.001935
•
Gear ratio 1:1
•
Efficiency = 23 km/kg of H2
•
Fuel tank capacity = 50 Litres
962.7 Nm
13. ENGINE BALANCING:
Let us consider the engine as a 4 cylinder inline engine.
Cylinder 1
Cylinder 2
Cylinder 3
Cylinder 4
Power
Compression
Exhaust
Power
Suction
Exhaust
Compression
Suction
Suction
Exhaust
Compression
Suction
Power
Compression
Exhaust
Power
Exhaust
Power
Suction
Exhaust
Compression
Suction
Power
Compression
Compression
Suction
Power
Compression
Exhaust
Power
Suction
Exhaust
16. PISTON DESIGN:
• The temperature produced on
the upper and lower part of the
pistons are approximately 4000oC
and 2300oC.
• So, the piston is made of suitable
alloy to withstand high
temperatures.
• To prevent the leakage of petrol
into the lower chamber, a ring is
designed to drain the fuel and is
removed by means of vacuum
pressure.
17. INJECTION METHODS:
• Hydrogen is injected by Constant Volume Injection
which is a method of direct injection using Constant
Volume Injector.
• Direct injection eliminates pre ignition and backfire
problems.
• Direct injection
also increases the
thermal efficiency
of the engine as
shown.
18. FLEXIBILITY OF OUR CONCEPT:
• Our engine involves the usage of either gasoline or diesel as the
secondary fuel subject to need.
• The working of the hydrogen chamber is independent of the
secondary fuel used.
• Hence the lower chamber can be either be compression
ignited or spark ignited.
• The absence of one fuel does not affect the functioning of the
engine since the engine can run using one fuel also.
• The engine has a compact design and has more power to
weight ratio.
19. FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS
• The piston is exposed to varying temperatures in its upper and
lower part and so, a suitable alloy material for the piston should
be selected.
• Improvement can also be done in selecting the suitable
compression ratio for the hydrogen chamber such that it can
provide more power.
20. CONCLUSION:
• In today’s world of depleting
energy resources, hydrogen seems
to be a more promising fuel.
• This idea of using hydrogen as
one of the fuel in modified IC
Engine, can certainly make a leap
in automotive technology.
• Another important factor to be
considered is that we can
CONSERVE the Resources that
we have today for the Generation
tomorrow.