The educational system in Germany is tracked, with students sent to different secondary schools based on academic ability and interests. Primary education is from ages 6-10, after which students are recommended for Hauptschule (vocational), Realschule (intermediate), or Gymnasium (academic) tracks. Gymnasium is the most prestigious and leads to the Abitur exam and university eligibility. There are also vocational schools and dual apprenticeship programs. Tertiary education involves universities and Fachhochschulen (universities of applied sciences).

1. The educational system of Germany

2. General overview

3. Primary education – Grundschule from the age of 6 first compulsory school transfer to secondary schools after 4th grade Specific requirements goals: preparation for secondary schools social education basic knowledge interests and abilities

4. Secondary education I – Hauptschule Basic general education Application for jobs Focus on practical experience -> blue-collared jobs Activity-orientated Transfer to schools for further education possible Bad reputation in society

5. Secondary education II - Realschule Medium general education Basic knowledge in job oriented subjects Basis for a practical career Transfer to further education possible -> after 6th grade: Gymnasium -> FOS -> even university degrees Degree: Mittlerer Schulabschluss (~ GCSE)

6. Secondary education III - Gymnasium High general education Wide range of subjects / Courses: Focus on language and arts Focus on science and technolgy Focus on social studies At least two languages obligatory

7. Secondary education III - Gymnasium Point system -> Marks 12 th year: Final exams -> Abitur (~ A-levels)  required for access to university Course system -> Bavaria: Abolition -> other states: Lks/Gks No central regulation of Abitur

8. - comprehensive school - three-tier system NOT throughout Germany -> comprehensive school system e.g. in NRW - Gesamtschulen: -> degrees according to level of course -> pupils choose courses according to their skills Secondary education IV - Gesamtschule

9. Either after or alongside apprenticeship Certificate of Intermediate Education possible Secondary education V – vocational training

10. FOS advanced technical college entrance qualification Courses: engineering , agricultural economy, business, law, social studies, art also „normal“ Abitur BOS almost similar to FOS completion of an apprenticeship Secondary education VI

11. Fachakademie Preparation for a higher career State exam (≠ uni) -> access to university of applied science -> with honours: access to uni Requirements: mittlerer Schulabschluss + Completion of apprenticeship Fachschule Meister ≠ master degree advanced technical college entrance qualification 2 years Secondary education VII

12. From cradle to secondary education

13. From cradle to secondary education nursery school (1-3) kindergarten (3-6) elementary/primary school (7-10)

14. Nursery school education and care costs: 70-425 € / month, depending on place of residence and income political debate historical background: care centers in GDR (all-day, no costs for parents, being part of the collective > most children attended care centers) changes in society (more women working)  future: care centers for 750.000 small children by 2013

15. Kindergarten legal right for each child to get a half-day service in a kindergarten (children age 3 – when they start school) some restrictions (e.g. parents not working) there are also private kindergartens pre-school child programs

16. Primary/elementary school (1) compulsory schooling – homeschooling not allowed.. all children who are 6 years old before Sep 30th start school in Sep > children born in Oct, Nov, Dec CAN start school BUT: if children not suitable for school yet, they go to kindergarten for one more year

17. Primary/elementary school (2) Subjects: German, maths, local geography and history music, arts, physical education, handicrafts religion/ethics foreign languages (English: years 3 & 4)

18. Primary/elementary school (3) Year 4: selection.. Gymnasium: 2,33 in maths/German/local geography and history + recommendation letter OR entry exam Realschule/Wirtschaftsschule: 2,66 in maths/German/local geography and history + recommendation letter OR entry exam also possible: probation period

19. Mittelschule & Realschule

20. Mittelschule (former Hauptschule) school for people who will be trained in blue-collared jobs secondary modern school covering years 5 to 9/10  nine-year degree/certificate main objective: prepare students for their entry into the world of work

21. Mittelschule In Bavaria: possible transfer to Realschule or Gymnasium after 5 th or 6 th grade if grades are good enough In some states: Mittelschule & Realschule combined in Mittel- or Regelschule

22. Mittelschule – nine-year-degree/certificate (I) The successful Mittelschul-degree > after 9 th grade > grade average 4,0 or better > not more than 3 E's (= 5,0; F counts as 2 E's)

23. Mittelschule – nine-year-degree/certificate (II) The qualifying Mittelschul-degree > after 9 th grade; voluntary > grade average 3,0 or better > maths, German, English, economics & law...

24. Mittelschule – nine-year-degree/certificate (III) GCSE/ten-year-degree via the M-Zug (same degree as intermediate school, but less prestigious/respected) > M-Zug: starts in 7 th grade; voluntary > degree after 10 th grade > grade average in federal test 4,0 or better

25. after Mittelschule start work -> further education in the vocational training school (Berufsausbildung & Berufsschule)

26. Intermediate school (Realschule) four years (grades 7-10) six years (grades 5-10) Broad general education and vocationally-oriented education -> students with vocational skills and interests who also show interest in theory

27. Intermediate school (Realschule) more vocationally-oriented than Gymnasium in Bavaria: possible transfer to Gymnasium after 6 th or 10 th grade Ten-year-degree/GCSE

28. Intermediate school – different directions of study (I) Compulsory courses / electives group I Focus: maths, natural sciences, technical areas Final exam: German, English, maths, physics For students who want to work in a technical job or continue their education at a technical secondary school (FOS – technical sector)

29. Intermediate school – different directions of study (II) Compulsory courses / electives group II Focus: economics Final exam: German, English, maths II, business studies & accounting For students who want to work in a in the public service industry, banks or insurance companies or continue their education at a business secondary school

30. Intermediate school – different directions of study (IIIa) Compulsory courses / electives group IIIa Focus: 2 nd foreign language Final exam: German, English, maths II, French (Spanish, Italian...) For students who want to work in the tourist industry, the public service industry, banks or insurance companies or continue their education at Gymnasium

31. Intermediate school – different directions of study (IIIb) Compulsory courses / electives group IIIb Focus: arts, handicrafts, housekeeping or social studies Final exam: German, English, maths II, specialized course (see above) For students who want to work in a in the social or manual-creative sector or continue their education at a social/arts secondary school

32. after intermediate school work (e.g. in the public service at secretarial and executive level) -> social/technical/economic/arts secondary school (BOS) further education at social/technical/economic/arts secondary school (FOS) -> if successful: university of applied sciences (= Fachhochschule, FH)

33. Higher Secondary Vocational Schools/Berufliche Oberschulen

34. Post-Secondary Non Tertiary Education requirements : acquisition of a general education qualification general aim : to prepare the students for their studies  alternative to upper classes at Academic High Schools!

35. Courses : two-three-year courses at: Fachoberschule beginning with 11 th grade no previous vocational education required B erufsoberschule beginning with 12 th grade previous vocational education required

36. Curricula : Liberal education Subject-specific theory Practical education (in selected businesses) Subjects: General subjects : German, English, math… Specific faculties : technology, economics, social services, agricultural economics, design  Strong focus on practical experience!

37. Qualifications : Two-year-courses: technical diploma admission to University of Applied Sciences Three-year-courses: subject-linked university entrance qualification  admission to university (to certain faculties only!) higher education entrance qualification (proof of sufficient competence in a second foreign language necessary!)  admission to university (to all faculties!)

38. The Gymnasium – The German grammar school

39. primary school -> secondary school -> Mittelschulen (secondary modern school) Realschulen (intermediate school) or Gymnasium (grammar school)

40. G9-system -> G8-system Abitur after grade 13 Abitur after grade 12

41. Lower and upper secondary level

42. The subjects:

43. Introductory phase and qualification phase LANGUAGE, LITERATURE AND ARTS SOCIAL SCIENCES MATHEMATICS, NATURAL SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGY

45. University Tertiary Education

46. Admission Requirements A-level Abitur/Allgemeine Hochschulreife

47. Financing tuition fees Bafög scholarships

48. Certification Bachelor Master Diploma Magister Staatsexamen

49. Teachers Training Bachelor/Master of Education 1. Staatsexamen Referendariat 2. Staatsexamen

50. Thank you for your attention

51. Sources www.wikipedia.org http://www.km.bayern.de/ http://www.meinbildungsweg.de/ http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/education/eurydice/eurybase_de.php http://www.uni-heidelberg.de/imperia/md/images/jrc/1007/bafoeg_i.jpg http://www.trendsderzukunft.de/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/hoersaal_rwth_400q.jpg http://steinbeis-fuer-telekom.de/typo3temp/pics/d608743204.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-vFd9MgSjCF8/TkJIfzeL0ZI/AAAAAAAACx0/h-2fFciIfzU/s1600/Lehrer+Lmpel+ts.png