Personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection form barriers that protect healthcare workers from exposure to infectious materials. The proper use of PPE includes donning it in a specific sequence - gown, mask, goggles, then gloves - before entering a patient's room. PPE should be removed in the reverse order, and hand hygiene performed, to prevent the spread of germs. Common types of PPE like surgical masks, N95 respirators, and gloves are described along with guidelines for proper fitting, use, and disposal to protect both healthcare workers and patients.

1. Personal Protective
Equipment
PPE

2. THE USE OF PPE
A variety of barriers to protect
HCW’s mucous membranes,
airways, skin, and clothing
(whenever blood/body fluids
splashes are expected)

3. THE USE OF PPE
• Gloves – Use when touching blood, body fluids,
secretions, excretions, contaminated items; for
touching mucus membranes and nonintact skin.
• Gowns – Use during procedures and patient care
activities when contact of clothing/ exposed skin
with blood/body fluids, secretions, or excretions is
anticipated.
• Mask, goggles or face shield – Use during
patient care activities likely to generate splashes or
sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions

4. Select appropriate type and size
(Covers arms, body front, neck to mid-
thigh) Opening is in the back
Secure at neck and waist
 If gown is too small, use two
gowns
Gown #1 ties in front .
Gown #2 ties in back

5. • Unfasten ties.
• Peel gown away from neck and shoulder.
• Turn contaminated outside toward the inside.
• Fold or roll into a bundle. & Discard.
REMOVING GOWN

6. SURGICAL MASK
 to protect patients from HCWs respiratory
secretions.
placed on coughing patients.
procedures that generates splashes and sprays.

7. How to Don a Mask
Place over nose, mouth and chin
Fit flexible nose piece over nose bridge
Secure on head with ties or elastic
Surgical Mask

8. • Fit flexible nose piece over nose
bridge
• Secure on head with elastic
band.
• Perform the seal check –
• Inhale – respirator should
collapse
• Exhale – check for leakage
around face
N95 Respirator

9. Well sealed check
• Done every time
you are wearing
N95 respirator
For Airborne Precautions

10. FIT TEST
•Performed
annually
•Each staff
should be
aware about his fitted
Type and size

11. Removing of N95
• Lift the bottom elastic
over your head first
• Then lift off the top
elastic
• Discard

12. Removing of N95
you should remove the N95 respirator Just
outside the patient room

13. Eye goggles & face shield
 Position goggles over eyes and secure to
the head using the ear pieces or headband.
 Position face shield over face
and secure on brow with headband.
13

14. Used in :
-Direct contact with blood, body fluids, non intact
skin, mucous membrane and potentially
infectious materials
- Dealing with patients under contact isolation
• Put on last PPE and first to be removed

15. GLOVE PYRAMID

16. “The Glove Pyramid”
The Glove Pyramid-to aid decision making
on when to wear (and not wear) gloves
Gloves must be worn according to
STANDARD and CONTACT
PRECAUTIONS
 Hand hygiene should be performed when
appropriate regardless of indication for
glove use

17. STERILE
GLOVES
INDICATED
(any surgical procedure, vaginal
deliveries, invasive radiological
procedures, performing vascular
access & procedures (central
lines) (preparing TPN, chemo
agents)

18. CLEAN / EXAMINATION
GLOVES INDICATED IN
CLINICAL SITUATION
Potential direct/indirect exposure to blood,
body fluids, secretions, excretions and items
visibly soiled by body fluids
DIRECT PATIENT EXPOSURE:
Contact with blood; contact with
mucous membrane and with non-intact skin; potential presence of
highly infectious and dangerous organism; epidemic or emergency
situations; IV insertion and removal; drawing blood; discontinuation
of venous line; pelvic and vaginal examination; suctioning non-closed
systems of endotracheal tubes
INDIRECT PATIENT EXPOSURE:
Emptying emesis basins; handling/cleaning instruments; handling waste; cleaning
up spills of body fluids

19. How to Don Gloves
• Don gloves last
• Select correct type and
size
• Insert hands into gloves
• Extend gloves over
isolation gown cuffs

20. How to Remove Gloves
(1)
1. Grasp outside edge near wrist.
2. Peel away from hand, turning glove
inside-out.
3. Hold in opposite gloved hand.
How to Remove Gloves
(2)
1. Slide ungloved finger under the wrist of
the remaining glove
2. Peel off from inside, creating a bag for
both gloves.
3. Discard.

21. “Hand Hygiene and Medical Glove use”
-Remove the gloves to perform hand hygiene when an
indication occurs while wearing gloves
-Discard gloves after each task and clean your hand –
gloves may carry germs
- Wear gloves only when indicating to Standard and
Contact precautions, otherwise they become a major
risk for germ transmission

22. How to Safely Use PPE
 Keep gloved hands away from face.
 Avoid touching or adjusting other PPE.
 Remove gloves if they become torn; perform hand
hygiene before donning new gloves.
 Limit surfaces and items touched to avoid
contamination.

23. Proper donning of
Personal Protective Equipment

24. Proper removing of
Personal Protective Equipment

25. SEQUENCE OF
DONNING PPE
• Gown first.
• Mask or respirator.
• Goggles or face shield.
• HAND HYGIENE
• Gloves.
Don before contact with the
patient, generally before
entering the room.
Sequence for
Removing PPE
Gloves
Hand Hygiene
Face shield or
goggles.
Gown.
Mask or respirator.
Where to Remove PPE
 At doorway, before leaving
patient room or in
anteroom.
 Remove respirator outside
room, after door has been
closed.