Due to shortage of PPE in this covid 19 crisis we have to priortize our use of PPEs. also precautions to be taken while handling covid 19 suspect/patient.
Public health, occupational safety and the use of PPEHarm Kiezebrink
Using Personal Protection Equipment during outbreak situations is a vital part of the routines to prevent responders to an outbreak to get infected, as well as to prevent a virus to escape an infected area. This training in Egypt 2008 was provided by the European Union under the Better Training for Safer Food program.
Public health, occupational safety and the use of PPEHarm Kiezebrink
Using Personal Protection Equipment during outbreak situations is a vital part of the routines to prevent responders to an outbreak to get infected, as well as to prevent a virus to escape an infected area. This training in Egypt 2008 was provided by the European Union under the Better Training for Safer Food program.
Barrier technique personal protective equipment [compatibility mode]drnahla
Infection Control Guidelines for appropriate use of personal protective equipment Barrier technique personal protective equipment
Dr. Nahla Abdel Kader.MD, PhD. Infection Control Consultant, MOH Infection Control Surveyor, CBAHI Infection Control Director,KKH.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), general laboratoryEugenia Leonova
Content structure:
1. Hazards in general laboratory
2. Chemical hazards classification
3. Sources to look for the hazard information
4. Safety regulation standards by OSHA
5. Standards for handling chemicals by OSHA
6. Standards for PPE by OSHA
7. PPE Recommendations by NIOSH
8. Standard Tests and Certifications
9. 5 Things to consider when choosing a PPE
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to protect the body against contact with known or anticipated chemical hazards has been divided into four levels.
These levels have been established and agreed upon by the US EPA, US Coast Guard, OSHA, DOT, NIOSH, and other agencies.
Guidance for the selection and use of personal protective equipmentSurya Prajapat
It tells about components of PPE kit and their specifications and how to don and remove the PPE Kit. This presentation also tells about the sequence to don and remove the PPE
Barrier technique personal protective equipment [compatibility mode]drnahla
Infection Control Guidelines for appropriate use of personal protective equipment Barrier technique personal protective equipment
Dr. Nahla Abdel Kader.MD, PhD. Infection Control Consultant, MOH Infection Control Surveyor, CBAHI Infection Control Director,KKH.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), general laboratoryEugenia Leonova
Content structure:
1. Hazards in general laboratory
2. Chemical hazards classification
3. Sources to look for the hazard information
4. Safety regulation standards by OSHA
5. Standards for handling chemicals by OSHA
6. Standards for PPE by OSHA
7. PPE Recommendations by NIOSH
8. Standard Tests and Certifications
9. 5 Things to consider when choosing a PPE
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to protect the body against contact with known or anticipated chemical hazards has been divided into four levels.
These levels have been established and agreed upon by the US EPA, US Coast Guard, OSHA, DOT, NIOSH, and other agencies.
Guidance for the selection and use of personal protective equipmentSurya Prajapat
It tells about components of PPE kit and their specifications and how to don and remove the PPE Kit. This presentation also tells about the sequence to don and remove the PPE
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
Struggling with intense fears that disrupt your life? At Renew Life Hypnosis, we offer specialized hypnosis to overcome fear. Phobias are exaggerated fears, often stemming from past traumas or learned behaviors. Hypnotherapy addresses these deep-seated fears by accessing the subconscious mind, helping you change your reactions to phobic triggers. Our expert therapists guide you into a state of deep relaxation, allowing you to transform your responses and reduce anxiety. Experience increased confidence and freedom from phobias with our personalized approach. Ready to live a fear-free life? Visit us at Renew Life Hypnosis..
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
Welcome to Secret Tantric, London’s finest VIP Massage agency. Since we first opened our doors, we have provided the ultimate erotic massage experience to innumerable clients, each one searching for the very best sensual massage in London. We come by this reputation honestly with a dynamic team of the city’s most beautiful masseuses.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Immunity to Veterinary parasitic infections power point presentation
RATIONAL USE OF PPE DURING COVID 19 OUTBREAK
1. RATIONAL USE OF PPE
DURING COVID 19 OUTBREAK
DR. BHAGWATI PRASAD DEWANGAN
CONSULTANT ANAESTHESIOLOGIST
FOPJHRC, RAIGARH
2. What are PPEs ?
Personal Protective Equipments
(PPEs) are protective gears
designed to safeguard the health
of workers by minimizing the
exposure to a biological agent.
7. GLOVES
Nitrile > latex
Sterile > Non-sterile
Powder free > powdered
Outer gloves preferably reach mid-forearm (minimum 280 mm total length)
Different sizes (6.5 &7)
Quality compliant with the below standards, or equivalent:
EU standard directive 93/42/EEC Class I, EN 455
EU standard directive 89/686/EEC Category Ill, EN 374 ANSI/SEA 105-2011
ASTM D6319-10
8. Change gloves when
• Heavily soiled
• Breach in continuity/ tear/ rupture
• After each patient
9. COVERALL > GOWNS
• Impermeable to blood and body fluids
• Single use
• Avoid culturally unacceptable colors e.g. black
• Light colors are preferable to better detect possible contamination
• Thumb/finger loops to anchor sleeves in place
• Quality compliant with following standard
a. Meets or exceeds ISO 16603 class 3 exposure pressure, or equivalent
10. GOGGLES
• With transparent glasses, zero power, well fitting, covered from all sides with elastic
band/or adjustable holder.
• Good seal with the skin of the face
• Flexible frame to easily fit all face contours without too much pressure
• Covers the eyes and the surrounding areas and accommodates for prescription glasses
• Fog and scratch resistant
• Adjustable band to secure firmly so as not to become loose during clinical activity
11. Cont.
• Indirect venting to reduce fogging
• May be re-usable (provided appropriate arrangements for decontamination are in
place) or disposable
• Quality compliant with the below standards, or equivalent:
a. EU standard directive 86/686/EEC, EN 166/2002
b. ANSI/SEA Z87.1-2010
12. MASKS
1. TRIPLE LAYERED MASKS
Three layered medical mask of non-woven material with nose piece, having filter efficiency of
99% for 3 micron particle size.
ISI specifications orequivalent
2. N 95 MASKS
• Shape that will not collapse easily
• High filtration efficiency
• Good breathability, with expiratory valve
13. Cont.
• Quality compliant with standards for medical N95 respirator:
a. NIOSHN95,EN149FFP2,orequivalent
• Fluid resistance: minimum 80 mmHg pressure based on
ASTM F1862, ISO 22609, or equivalent
• Quality compliant with standards for particulate respirator
that can be worn with full- face shield
14. FACE SHIELDS
Made of clear plastic and provides good visibility to both the wearer and the patient
Adjustable band to attach firmly around the head and fit snuggly against the forehead
Fog resistant (preferable)
Completely covers the sides and length of the face
May be re-usable (made of material which can be cleaned and disinfected) or disposable
Quality compliant with the below standards, or equivalent:
a. EU standard directive 86/686/EEC, EN 166/2002 b. ANSI/SEA Z87.1-2010
15. SHOE COVER AND HEAD COVER
1. SHOE COVERS
Shoe covers should be made up of impermeable fabric to be used over shoes to
facilitate personal protection and decontamination.
2. HEAD COVERS
Coveralls usually cover the head.
Those using gowns, should use a head cover that covers the head and neck while
providing clinical care for patients.
Hair and hair extensions should fit inside the head cover.
16. BODY BAGS
1) Impermeable
2) Leak proof
3) Air sealed
4) Double sealed
5) Disposable
6) Opaque
7) White
8) U shape with Zip
9) 4/6 grips
10) Size: 2.2 x 1.2 Mts
11) Standards:
a) ISO 16602:2007
b) ISO 16603:2004
c) IS016604:2004
d) ISO/DIS 22611:2003
17. All items to be supplied need to be accompanied with certificate of analysis from national/ international
organizations/labs indicating conformity to standards
All items: Expiry 5 years
* Due to scarcity of coveralls, and risk versus benefit, that as an emergency temporary measure in larger public
interest, in present given circumstances, the fabric that cleared/passed ‘Synthetic Blood Penetration
Resistance Test’ (ISO 16603) and the garment that passed ‘Resistance to penetration by biologically
contaminated solid particles (ISO 22612:2005) may be considered as the benchmark specification to
manufacture Coveralls.” The Coveralls should be taped at the seams to prevent fluid/droplets/aerosol entry.
The test for these two standards (ISO 16603 and ISO 22612:2005), which can be performed in Indian
laboratories are as per WHO Disease Commodity Package (Version 4.0)
26. KEY POINTS ABOUT
PPE• Don before contact with the patient, generally before entering the room
** drink water or go to toilet before donning PPE
• Use carefully – don’t spread contamination
• Remove and discard carefully, either at the doorway or immediately outside
patient room; remove respirator outside room
• Immediately perform hand hygiene
27. SEQUENCE FOR DONNING PPE
First pair of gloves*
Shoe cover
Gown
Mask or respirator
Face hood
Goggles or face shield *
Second pair of Gloves *
*Combination of PPE will affect sequence – be practical
28. HOW TO DON A GOWN
• Select appropriate type and size
• Opening is in the back
• Secure at neck and waist
• If gown is too small, use two gowns – Gown #1 ties in front –
Gown #2 ties in back
29. HOW TO DON A MASK
• Place over nose, mouth and chin
• Fit flexible nose piece over nose bridge
• Secure on head with ties or elastic
• Adjust to fit
30. HOW TO DON A PARTICULATE RESPIRATOR
• Select a fit tested respirator
• Place over nose, mouth and chin
• Fit flexible nose piece over nose bridge
• Secure on head with elastic
• Adjust to fit
• Perform a fit check –
– Inhale – respirator should collapse
– Exhale – check for leakage around face
31. HOW TO DON EYE AND FACE PROTECTION
• Position goggles over eyes and secure to the head using the ear pieces
or headband.
- Should fit snuggly over and around eyes.
• Position face shield over face and secure on brow with headband.
-Should cover forehead, extend below chin and wrap around side of face
• Adjust to fit comfortably
32. HOW TO DON GLOVES
• Don gloves last
• Select correct type and size
• Insert hands into gloves
• Extend gloves over isolation gown cuffs
34. ‘CONTAMINATED’ AND ‘CLEAN’ AREAS OF PPE
• Contaminated – outside front
• Areas of PPE that have or are likely to have been in contact with body sites,
materials, or environmental surfaces where the infectious organism may reside
• Clean – inside, outside back, ties on head and back
• Areas of PPE that are not likely to have been in contact with the infectious
organism
35. WHERE TO REMOVE PPE
• At doorway, before leaving patient room or in anteroom*
• Remove respirator outside room, after door has been closed*
* Ensure that hand hygiene facilities are available at the point
needed, e.g., sink or alcohol-based hand rub
* If removal is in the anteroom, ask your assistant to open the
door of ward or icu or isolation room.
36. SEQUENCE FOR REMOVING PPE
Shoe cover
Outer Gloves
Face shield or goggles
hood
Gown
Inner gloves
Mask or respirator
*Its better to maintain hand hygiene during each step of removing PPE
37. HOW TO REMOVE GLOVES
How to Remove Gloves (1)
• Grasp outside edge near wrist
• Peel away from hand, turning glove inside-out
• Hold in opposite gloved hand
How to Remove Gloves (2)
• Slide ungloved finger under the wrist of the remaining glove
• Peel off from inside, creating a bag for both gloves •
38. HOW TO REMOVE GOGGLES AND FACE SHIELD
• Grasp ear or head pieces with ungloved hands
• Lift away from face
• Place in designated receptacle for reprocessing or disposal
39. HOW TO REMOVE ISOLATION GOWN / COVERALL
• Unfasten ties
• Peel gown away from neck and shoulder
• Turn contaminated outside toward the inside
• Fold or roll into a bundle
• Discard
40. HOW TO REMOVE MASK
1. REMOVING A MASK
• Untie the bottom, then top, tie
• Remove from face
• Discard
2. REMOVING A PARTICULATE RESPIRATOR
• Lift the bottom elastic over your head first
• Then lift off the top elastic
• Discard
41. HAND HYGIENE
• Perform hand hygiene immediately after removing PPE.
– If hands become visibly contaminated during PPE removal,
wash hands before continuing to remove PPE
• Wash hands with soap and water or use an alcohol-based
hand rub
* Ensure that hand hygiene facilities are available at the point
needed, e.g., sink or alcohol-based hand rub
42. WHEN TO SUSPECT ??
All symptomatic individuals who have undertaken international travel in the last 14 days or
All symptomatic contacts of laboratory confirmed cases or
All symptomatic healthcare personnel (HCP) or
All hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory illness ( SARI) (fever AND cough and/or
shortness of breath)or
Asymptomatic direct and high risk contacts of a confirmed case (should be tested once between
day 5 and day 14 after contact)
***Symptomatic refers to fever/cough/shortness of breath.
***Direct and high-risk contacts include those who live in the same household with a confirmed
case and HCP who examined a confirmed case.
43. AT TRIAGE AREA
Give suspect patient a triple layer surgical mask and direct
patient to separate area, an isolation room if available.
Keep at least 1meter distance between suspected patients and
other patients.
Instruct all patients to cover nose and mouth during coughing or
sneezing with tissue or flexed elbow for others.
Perform hand hygiene after contact with respiratory secretions
44. DROPLET PRECAUTIONS
Droplet precautions prevent large droplet transmission of respiratory viruses.
Use a triple layer surgical mask if working within 1-2 metres of the patient.
Place patients in single rooms, or group together those with the same etiological diagnosis.
If an etiological diagnosis is not possible, group patients with similar clinical diagnosis and based on
epidemiological risk factors, with a spatial separation.
When providing care in close contact with a patient with respiratory symptoms (e.g. coughing or
sneezing), use eye protection (face-mask or goggles), because sprays of secretions may occur.
Limit patient movement within the institution and ensure that patients wear triple layer surgical masks
when outside their rooms
45. CONTACT PRECAUTIONS
Droplet and contact precautions prevent direct or indirect transmission from contact with
contaminated surfaces or equipment (i.e. contact with contaminated oxygen
tubing/interfaces).
Use PPE (triple layer surgical mask, eye protection, gloves and gown) when entering
room and remove PPE when leaving.
If possible, use either disposable or dedicated equipment (e.g. stethoscopes, blood
pressure cuffs and thermometers).
If equipment needs to be shared among patients, clean and disinfect between each
patient use.
Ensure that health care workers refrain from touching their eyes, nose, and mouth with
potentially contaminated gloved or ungloved hands.
46. Cont.
Avoid contaminating environmental surfaces that are not directly
related to patient care (e.g. door handles and light switches).
Ensure adequate room ventilation. Avoid movement of patients or
transport. Perform hand hygiene.
While auscultation, ask the patient to turn around and auscultate
in between scapula.
Don’t keep patient in emergency room for long time. Fast track to
isolation ward or ICU as required.
47. AEROSOL/ AIRBORNE PRECAUTIONS
Ensure that healthcare workers performing aerosol-generating procedures (i.e. open
suctioning of respiratory tract, intubation, bronchoscopy, cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
use PPE, including gloves, long-sleeved gowns, eye protection, and fit-tested particulate
respirators (N95). (The scheduled fit test should not be confused with user seal check
before each use.)
Whenever possible, use adequately ventilated single rooms when performing aerosol-
generating procedures, meaning negative pressure rooms with minimum of 12 air changes
per hour or at least 160 litres/second/patient in facilities with natural ventilation.
Avoid the presence of unnecessary individuals in the room.
Care for the patient in the same type of room after mechanical ventilation commences
68. TAKE HOME MESSAGES
Stay away from social media for a while- things that u should know u
already know.
Take good sleep – it helps boost your immunity.
Take Vit. C supplements- it is a natural immunity booster.
Take stairs instead of lift.
Don’t panic …… stay calm and take precautions.