The document discusses direct and indirect speech. Direct speech quotes the exact words of the speaker, while indirect speech reports what was said without using exact quotations. When changing direct speech to indirect speech, words like now become then, here becomes there, and verb tenses change. Some examples are provided to illustrate direct versus indirect speech.

2. Directspeech
$
IndirectSpeech

3. Directspeech
Quoting the exact words of the speaker is
called “The Direct Speech”
Ex: David said, “I am writing a letter now”.
Indirectspeech
Reporting of what a speaker said without
quoting his exact words is called ‘Indirect
Speech’.
Ex; David said that he was writing a letter
then.

4. Rules for changing direct speech into
indirect speech

5. Directspeech Indirectspeech
Now Then
Here There
Here after There after
This That
These Those
Thus So
To-day That day
To-light That night
Last night the previous night
yesterday The day before/the previous
day
Tomorrow Next day
Last week The previous week
Next week The following week
Last month The previous month

6. Note:
He said that (correct)
He told me that (correct)
He told that (Incorrect)

7. examples
•Anas says, “I eat a mango”.
Anas says, that he eats a mango”.
•Sidharth said, “I write a letter”.
Sidharth said that he wrote a letter. John said,
•“I am going to church”.
John said that he was going to church.
• “I never eat meat”, he explained.
He explained that he never ate meat. He said,
•“Where is she going?”.
He asked where she was going