Points to Remember About Myocardial infarctionvarinder kumar
What is acute myocardial infarction?
What are the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction\
What causes acute myocardial infarction
Who is at risk for acute myocardial infarction
How is acute myocardial infarction diagnosed
Acute myocardial infarction prevention
Beta blockers
UCSI University Pharmacy students executed their 9th Public Health Campaign in Mambau, Negeri Sembilan. Here are just some of the materials that was part of their exhibition.
Points to Remember About Myocardial infarctionvarinder kumar
What is acute myocardial infarction?
What are the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction\
What causes acute myocardial infarction
Who is at risk for acute myocardial infarction
How is acute myocardial infarction diagnosed
Acute myocardial infarction prevention
Beta blockers
UCSI University Pharmacy students executed their 9th Public Health Campaign in Mambau, Negeri Sembilan. Here are just some of the materials that was part of their exhibition.
Heart Diseases in Men and Women are the number 1 cause of death in United States. 1 out of 4 deaths in U.S are caused by Heart Diseases. But this can be controlled or avoided if proper medical attention were given at the right time. In some cases, various symptoms are seen prior to serious heart issues, which could be treated or controlled by getting medical attention from a doctor.
Coronary artery Disease [CAD] is the most common , serious, chronic life threatening diseases in the USA.
More than 11 million Persons have CAD in USA.
Myocardial Ischemia [Reduced blood & oxygen supply to Heart Muscle ], Caused by
Lack of oxygen due to Inadequate perfusion which result from an Imbalance
Between oxygen supply & Demand.
Heart Diseases in Men and Women are the number 1 cause of death in United States. 1 out of 4 deaths in U.S are caused by Heart Diseases. But this can be controlled or avoided if proper medical attention were given at the right time. In some cases, various symptoms are seen prior to serious heart issues, which could be treated or controlled by getting medical attention from a doctor.
Coronary artery Disease [CAD] is the most common , serious, chronic life threatening diseases in the USA.
More than 11 million Persons have CAD in USA.
Myocardial Ischemia [Reduced blood & oxygen supply to Heart Muscle ], Caused by
Lack of oxygen due to Inadequate perfusion which result from an Imbalance
Between oxygen supply & Demand.
Dr.Avinash Phadke lecture at TMH.Whether to be a generalist or a specialist i...Ajay Phadke
Whether to be a generalist or a specialist in pathology in todays scenario. Adresses the future of pathology and the options which lie with today's younger generation.
Make the Leap from Effective to Highly Effective Using the Danielson Framework Brad Currie
This slideshow gives viewers a tremendous working knowledge of how to move to highly effective status as a teacher. Emphasis is placed on technology integration within the Danielson Framework.
Myocardial infarction is the medical name of a heart attack. A heart attack is a life-threatening condition that occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is abruptly cut off, causing tissue damage. This is usually the result of a blockage in one or more of the coronary arteries.Symptoms include tightness or pain in the chest, neck, back or arms, as well as fatigue, lightheadedness, abnormal heartbeat and anxiety. Women are more likely to have atypical symptoms than men.
Treatment ranges from lifestyle changes and cardiac rehabilitation to medication, stents, and bypass surgery.
Heart muscle disease, is a type of progressive heart disease in which the heart is abnormally enlarged, thickened, and/or stiffened. As a result, the heart muscle's ability to pump blood is less efficient, often causing heart failure and the backup of blood into the lungs or rest of the body.
Cardiogenic shock is a rare condition .in this heart unable to pump an adequate amount of blood flow. types coronary cardiogenic shock and noncoronary cardiogenic shock.causes include any rupture of the in the ventricles .mi condition, any infectious condition,any medication that is a rare condition of the heart Are older
Have a history of heart failure or heart attack
Have blockages (coronary artery disease) in several of your heart's main arteries
Have diabetes or high blood pressure
Are female, Race or ethnicity
Cardiogenic shock signs and symptoms include:
Rapid breathing
Severe shortness of breath
Sudden, rapid heartbeat (tachycardia)
Loss of consciousness
Weak pulse
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Sweating
Pale skin
Cold hands or feet
Urinating less than normal or not at all
treatment like emergency medication,dopamine ,doputamine ,adrenaline also given as a treatment to the patent. some other surgical procedure is there like cabg , heart transplantationmetc. preventionj oxf this avoid smoking,control alcohol,avoid stress etc
-
I am a Neurosurgeon with advanced training in Interventional vascular Neurosurgery(FINR) from Zurich, Switzerland, and FMINS-Fellowship in minimally invasive and Endoscopic Neurosurgery from Germany.
I am presently working in Columbia asia hospitals, Bangalore.
My areas of interest are Vascular Neurosurgery, Stroke specialist, interventional neuroradiology, Endoscopic and minimally invasive Neurosurgery, Endoscopic spine surgery.
this slide show explains coronary heart disease in details , about the causes,symptoms,tests for diagnosis, treatment and how to Prevent it from happening , hope you'll get something you are searching for
CHAPTER 12: Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, and
Cancer
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood
vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such
as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other
CVDs include stroke, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart
disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart
disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic
disease, and venous thrombosis.
The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease. Coronary artery
disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis, which is the
narrowing of the inside of an artery due to the build up of plaque. This may be
caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high
blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High
blood pressure results in 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco results in 9%, diabetes
6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow
untreated strep throat. It is estimated that 90% of CVD is preventable.
Coronary heart disease (CHD), also commonly referred to as just heart disease, is a
common term for the buildup of plaque in the heart’s arteries that could lead to
heart attack. But is there a difference between coronary heart disease and coronary
artery disease? The short answer is often no — health professionals frequently use
the terms interchangeably. However, coronary heart disease, or CHD, is actually a
result of coronary artery disease, or CAD. With coronary artery disease, plaque first
grows within the walls of the coronary arteries until the blood flow to the heart’s
muscle is limited. View an illustration of coronary arteries below:
Coronary Arteries
The Coronary Arteries are the blood vessels that supply blood to your heart. They
branch off of the aorta at its base. The right coronary artery, the left main coronary, the
left anterior descending, and the left circumflex artery, are the four major coronary
arteries. Blockage of these arteries is a common cause of angina, heart disease, heart
attacks and heart failure.
This restriction of the blood supply to the tissues is also called ischemia. It may be
chronic, narrowing of the coronary artery over time and limiting of the blood supply
to part of the muscle. Or it can be acute, resulting from a sudden rupture of a plaque
and formation of a thrombus or blood clot.
Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System
To fully understand Cardiovascular Diseases, it may be helpful to understand the
anatomy of the cardiovascular system. It includes the following:
o Heart: the pump, divided into four chambers (R/L atria, R/L ventricles)
o Arteries: large vessels carrying oxygen-rich blood away from heart; have
thick, muscular wall
o Arterioles: smaller arteries
...
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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NYSORA Guideline
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Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
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NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
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The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...
Power point final
1. Disclaimer
• Frederick Blalock is not a Doctor and the
information disclosed is for information use
only.
• Any treatment should be preformed by a
Medical Doctor only.
• Anything in this power point is for research
proposes only, nothing else.
2. Heart Disease and Heart Attack
Scope of Power Point
to Identify
• 1. Problem
• 2. Cause
• 3. Remedy
3. Heart Disease and Heart Attack
This is a personal study of this subject.
On 12/21/2012 I started having heart attack
symptoms and on 12/25/2012 I went into
Oklahoma Heart Hospital South Campus and
was diagnose with having a heart attack.
On 12/27/2012 I went into surgery for a triple
coronary artery bypass.
I wrote this paper to understand.
5. 1# Cause of Death in America
Heart Attack/Heart Disease 1# Killer
• 2008 - 616,828
• 2009 - 599,413
• 2010 - 597,689
• 2011 - 596,339
6. What is the heart?
• The chambered muscular organ in vertebrates
that pumps blood received from the veins into
the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of
blood through the entire circulatory system.
• http://www.thefreedictionary.com/heart
7. What is a heart attack?
A heart attack is the death of, or
damage to, part of the heart muscle
because the supply of blood to the heart
muscle is severely reduced or stopped.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/heart+attack
9. Are there different levels of a Heart Attack
• Heart Attack: An Acute Coronary Syndrome
• Acute Coronary Syndrome is a name given to
three types of coronary artery disease that are
associated with sudden rupture of plaque inside
the coronary artery:
• Unstable angina
• Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
or heart attack (NSTEMI)
• ST segment elevation myocardial infarction or
heart attack (STEMI).
10. Are there different levels of a Heart Attack
• The location of the blockage, the length of
time that blood flow is blocked and the
amount of damage that occurs determines the
type of acute coronary syndrome. These life-
threatening conditions require emergency
medical care.
11. Are there different levels of a Heart Attack
• Unstable Angina
• Unstable angina is a new symptom or a change
from stable angina. The angina may occur more
frequently, occur more easily at rest, feel more
severe, or last longer. Although this angina can
often be relieved with oral medications, it is
unstable and may progress to a heart attack.
Usually more intense medical treatment or a
procedure is required. Unstable angina is an
acute coronary syndrome and should be treated
as a medical emergency.
12. Are there different levels of a Heart Attack
• Non-ST
• This heart attack, or MI, does not cause
changes on an electrocardiogram (ECG).
However, chemical markers in the blood
indicate that damage has occurred to the
heart muscle. In NSTEMI, the blockage may be
partial or temporary, and so the extent of the
damage relatively minimal.
13. Are there different levels of a Heart Attack
• ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
• This heart attack, or MI, is caused by a
prolonged period of blocked blood supply. It
affects a large area of the heart muscle, and
so causes changes on the ECG as well as in
blood levels of key chemical markers.
14. How did Doctors know that I was
having a heart attack.
By
Cardiac
Enzymes
15. What are cardiac Enzymes
• Definition: Cardiac enzymes are proteins from
heart muscle cells that are released into the
bloodstream when heart muscle is damaged,
such as during a myocardial infarction (MI). By
measuring blood levels of cardiac enzymes,
doctors can tell whether heart muscle damage
has recently occurred. Therefore, measuring
cardiac enzymes is often an important step in
diagnosing MIs.
16. What are Chemical Makers
• There are two types of enzymes that
are measured, and generally we
measure both of them. They're
enzymes that are released by heart
muscle when it's being damaged.
17. What are Chemical Makers
• What happens is Doctors draw the blood and
measure them. One's called Troponin and the
other is called CK. And if either, or both, of
those are up or going up, it's indicative that's
there's heart muscle being actively damaged.
18. What is troponin
• Troponin (T) is released into the bloodstream
2 to 6 hours after heart cell damage, and
blood levels peak in 12 to 26 hours. Elevated
levels of T are regarded as a more reliable
indicator of heart muscle damage than
elevated CK levels.
19. What is CK
• CK creatine kinase is released into the
bloodstream 4 to 6 hours after heart cell
damage occurs, and peak blood levels of CK
are seen after 24 hours.
21. Every year, more than 1 million Americans have a heart attack --
a sudden interruption in the heart's blood supply. This happens
when there is a blockage in the coronary arteries, the vessels
that carry blood to the heart muscle. When blood flow is
blocked, heart muscle can be damaged very quickly and die.
22. •Heart Attack Symptoms
Pain or pressure in the chest
Discomfort spreading to the back, jaw, throat, or arm
Nausea, indigestion, or heartburn
Weakness, anxiety, or shortness of breath
Rapid or irregular heartbeats
23. Heart Attack Symptoms in Women
Women don't always feel chest pain with a heart attack. Women
are more likely than men to have heartburn, loss of appetite,
tiredness or weakness, coughing, and heart flutters. These
symptoms should not be ignored. The longer you postpone
treatment, the more damage the heart may sustain.
24. Inside a Heart Attack
The plaque deposited in your arteries is hard on the outside and soft and
mushy on the inside. Sometimes the hard outer shell cracks. When this
happens, a blood clot forms around the plaque. If the clot completely blocks
the artery, it cuts off the blood supply to a portion of the heart. Without
immediate treatment, that part of the heart muscle could be damaged or
destroyed.
25. Signs of Coronary Artery Disease
This narrows the arteries, making it more difficult for blood to flow through.
Many people don't know they have CAD until a heart attack strikes. But there
are warning signs, such as recurring chest pain caused by the restricted blood
flow. This pain is known as angina.
26. Checking for blockages
• In cardiac catheterization a very
small hollow tube, or catheter, is
advanced from a blood vessel in the
groin or arm through the aorta into
the heart.
27. How blockages occurs
Blockages are caused by plaque buildup which is
in the LDL cholesterol.
Plaque formation.
White blood cells stream in to digest the LDL
cholesterol. Over years, the toxic mess of
cholesterol and cells becomes a cholesterol
plaque in the wall of the artery
28. • Your liver is the primary organ responsible for the
production of cholesterol in your body, although a
small amount is made by the lining of the small
intestine and the individual cells of the body.
• Cholesterol is a soft, waxy, fatty compound that is a
type of steroid. It is an important nutrient that is
essential in the formation and maintenance of cell
membranes, and in the production of the sex
hormones progesterone, testosterone, estradiol,
and cortisol. It is also used by the body to produce
bile salts that are used in the digestive process to
break down food. Its last major task is its conversion
into vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight.
29. • Cholesterol Level Chart
• Total Cholesterol Desirable< 200
• Borderline (high)200-240
• High Risk > 240
• Triglycerides Desirable< 150
• Borderline (high)150-500
• High Risk> 500
• Low Density Cholesterol Desirable< 130
• Borderline (high)130-160
• High Risk > 240
• High Density Cholesterol Desirable > 50
• Borderline (high)50-35
High Risk <35
30. Plaque buildup or Atherosclerosis
Cholesterol is a type of fat found in your body.
Your total cholesterol includes LDL (low-
density lipoprotein) and HDL (high-density
lipoprotein) cholesterol.
LDL is called “bad” cholesterol because it can
build up in the walls of your arteries and form
plaque. Plaque build-up in the arteries can
reduce blood flow and increase your risk of
heart disease.
31. What is Atherosclerotic Plaque
• An atherosclerotic plaque-is a deposit of
harmful fats, or lipids, on the blood
vessel wall. When the plaque ruptures,
globules resembling chunks of oatmeal
break loose and suddenly clog a blood
vessel, causing heart attack or stroke.
32. What is Atherosclerotic Plaque
• Cardiology experts noted the crucial
difference between gradual narrowing of
arteries, versus the sudden, fatal blockage of a
main coronary artery by ruptured
atherosclerotic plaque on the vessel wall.
Because about half of people who have a
heart attack have no symptoms before the
acute event, it is critical that they are
recognized and treated before it is too late.
33. What does Atherosclerosis plaque damage
Damaged endothelium.
The smooth, delicate lining of blood vessels is
called the endothelium. High
cholesterol, smoking, high blood pressure,
or diabetes can damage the endothelium,
creating a place for cholesterol to enter the
artery's wall.
40. Don't Wait to Be Sure
The best time to treat a heart attack is as soon as symptoms
begin. Waiting to be sure can result in permanent heart damage
or even death. If you think you may be having a heart attack, call
911. And don't try driving yourself to the hospital. When you call
911, the EMS staff can start emergency care as soon as they
reach you.
41. Sudden Cardiac Death
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for half of all heart disease deaths
in the U.S., but it's not the same as a heart attack. SCD occurs when the
heart's electrical system goes haywire, causing it to beat irregularly and
dangerously fast. The heart's pumping chambers may quiver instead of
pumping blood out to the body. Without CPR and restoration of a
regular heart rhythm, death can occur in minutes.
43. Now for the fun stuff
Foods you cannot eat
Sugar and White flour
44. Now for the fun stuff
Foods you cannot eat
Added sugars
• table sugar,
• brown sugar
• high fructose corn syrup, are refined carbohydrates
• While naturally occurring sugar,
• found in fruits
• vegetables
• dairy products
• Are harmless
45. Now for the fun stuff
Foods you cannot eat
Foods and beverages high in added sugars include
• soda, candy, pastries, pies, cakes,
• cookies, jellies, frostings,
• blended coffee drinks,
• canned fruit in heavy syrup,
• pancake syrup and
• many breakfast cereals.
• Additional sources of added sugars include honey,
dextrose, molasses, maltose, sucrose and cane syrup.
46. Now for the fun stuff
Foods you cannot eat
• Enriched Flour, Pasta and Rice
Enriched flour,
whether white or wheat, is a processed grain that
contains few nutrients and less fiber than whole-grain
flours and unprocessed whole grains.
Foods made with enriched flour, such as breads, baked
goods and snack foods, can spike your blood sugar
level and leave little room in your diet for nutritious
carbohydrates.
47. Now for the fun stuff
Foods you cannot eat
If the word "enriched" is among
the top ingredients or the food
contains little fiber, an alternate
whole grain-based food is
healthier.
48. Now for the fun stuff
Foods you cannot eat
Fried Carbohydrates
• Fried foods provide saturated and trans fats --
unhealthy fats linked with obesity, Type 2 diabetes and
heart disease.
• Fried carbohydrates,
• such as doughnuts,
• potato chips and
• deep-fried chicken,
• provide refined carbohydrates and unhealthy fats -- a
double nutritional whammy.
49. Make lifestyle changes
Make changes to your diet. Most of the cholesterol you need is made by your body. However,
food products from animals contain additional cholesterol as well. The foods include meats,
poultry, shellfish, eggs, butter, cheese, and milk. Any type of food that contains saturated or
trans fat causes your body to make more cholesterol.
50. Make lifestyle changes
Keep your intake of fat between 25 and 35% of your daily calories. Limit your intake of
cholesterol from food to less than 300 mg a day. If your cholesterol is high, the recommended
amount is less than 200 mg per day.
51. Make lifestyle changes
Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes are good sources of fiber. Oatmeal and
oat bran are good sources of soluble fiber, which reduces your LDL cholesterol and
reduces the absorption of cholesterol in your intestines. Soluble fiber is also found in
kidney beans, apples, pears, barley, and prunes.
52. Make lifestyle changes
Eat complex carbohydrates. Eat whole wheat bread and brown rice instead of their white
counter parts. This will raise your level of HDL cholesterol as well as lower your level of
triglycerides, which are another cause of heart disease.
53. Make lifestyle changes
Walnuts and almonds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and have noted for keeping blood
vessels healthy and elastic. Be careful not to eat too many nuts though. They are high in
calories, so just one handful will be enough. As with any food, eating too much of it can make
you overweight, and being overweight puts you at higher risk for heart disease. The key, just like
with anything else, is to find a balance.
54. Make lifestyle changes
Fish and omega-3 fatty acid reduce blood pressure and the risk of blood clots. Doctors
recommend having at least 2 servings of fish each week. The fish with the highest levels of
omega-3 fatty acid are in mackerel, lake trout, herring, sardines, albacore tuna and salmon. To
maintain the health benefits of fish, you’ll need to grill or bake the fish. If you don’t like fish, you
can also get omega-3 fatty acids from foods like ground flaxseed or canola oil.
55. Make lifestyle changes
Olive oil contains antioxidants that can lower your LDL (“bad”) cholesterol without changing
your HDL (“good”) cholesterol. The FDA recommends about 2 tablespoons, or 23 grams, of olive
oil a day to benefit from its heart-healthy benefits. Some research suggests that the cholesterol-
lowering effects of olive oil are even better if you choose extra-virgin olive oil.
56. Make lifestyle changes
Foods fortified with plant sterols or stanols, which are found in plants and help block the
absorption of cholesterol, can help reduce LDL cholesterol by more than 10%.
57. Make lifestyle changes
Remember that moderation is key with foods that are high in saturated fat, such as meat and
some dairy products.
61. Make lifestyle changes
• Level of IntensityRPEPhysical Cues
• LightEasyDoes not induce sweating unless it's a hot,
humid day. There is no noticeable change in breathing
patterns.
• Moderate Somewhat hard Will break a sweat after
performing the activity for about 10 minutes. Breathing
becomes deeper and more frequent. You can carry on
a conversation but not sing.
• HighHardWill break a sweat after 3-5 minutes.
Breathing is deep and rapid. You can only talk in short
phrases.
62. Final Statement
• Do not become a statistic
• Make life changing choices
• Be there for your family
• Serve God among the living