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powders unit -2 (5).pptx
- 1. Guru Govind singh college of pharmacy yamunanagar Presented by Navneet singh and Ajbuddin
- 2. Powder A drug composed of a solid dry substance in the form of finely divided particles used for external and internal use in the form of dosage
- 3. Advantage of powder 1. The ingredients are available in a wide range, and the dose can be easily established for the patient 2. When compared to liquid dose form, powders are more physically and chemically stable. 3. When the dose is quite large, this method of drug delivery is the easiest. 4. The stability of powders is higher than that of liquids 5. A Powder is easier to swallow and can be easily dissolved in water or another liquid.
- 4. Disadvantages of powder 1. Powders as a dosage form may spill and are difficult to transfer from a container. 2. Drugs that have a disagreeable/ unpleasant taste should not be used orally or in powder form. 3. Hygroscopic, acidic pH, deliquescent, volatile and oxygen-sensitive substances used in powder are not suitable to be administered in powder dosage form. 4. Time consuming procedure to prepare and its packaging 5. Powders are heavy and challenging to transport.
- 5. Classification of powders The powder are classified as- 1. Bulk powder (external and internal use) 2. Simple and compound powder ( internal use) 3. Powder enclosed in catchets 4. Compressed powder (tablets)
- 6. 1. Bulk powder (internal and external use) The bulk powder is a finely powdered substance that consists of medicinal drugs and can be used for internal and external uses Internal use –the non potent substances which are supplied in bulk are antacids and laxatives etc.They are supplied in wide-mouthed container Bulk powder meant for external use are non potent substance. 1. Dusting powder 2. Insufflations 3. Snuffs 4. dentifrices
- 7. 1. Dusting powder Dusting powder is a powder used as a desiccant.The pharmaceutical use of talc as a dusting powder depends on its desiccant properties. Dusting powder is a powder used as a desiccant .the dusting powder are mainly used for their antiseptic, astringent, absorbent,and antipruritic action.
- 8. Dusting powder have two types (a) Medical –medical dusting powder are used mainly for superficial skin condition.these must be free form pathogenic microorganisms (b) Surgical-Surgical dusting powder are used in body cavities,these powder must be sterilized before their use
- 9. 2. Insufflations Insufflations are medicated dusting powders meant for introduction into the body cavities such as nose. Throat, earsand vagina etc. with the help of an apparatus known as insufflators (powder blower). Apparatus Insufflator I
- 10. 3. Snuffs These are finely divided solid dosage forms of medicament which are inhaled into nostrils for its antiseptic, Bronchodilator , and decongestion action . I.e 4. Dentifrices These are applied with the help of truth brush for cleaning the surface of the teeth.
- 11. 2. Simple and compound (A) Simple compound –There are generally only one ingredients in a powder, either crystallized or amorphous I.e Aspirin 300mg (B) Compound powder- A compound powder has two or more than two ingredient which are mixed together I.E –dispense at powder of A.P.C Aspirin 300mg Paracetamol 150mg Caffeine 50mg
- 12. 3. Powder enclosed in catchets Cachets consist of a dry powder enclosed in a shell, usually prepared from a mixture of rice flour and water by molding into a suitable shape and drying Catchets are the solid unit dosage form of drugs Catchets are used to enclose nauseous or disagreeable powders and are available in different size to hold drugs from 0.2 to 1.2gm of powder.
- 13. 4. Compressed powder( tablets) These are powders mouled into tablets. Mounded tablets are flat, circular disc and usually contains a potent substance which is mixed with lactose, dextrose or some other suitable diluent.
- 14. Mixing of powder The powder may be mixed 5 of the following methods 1. Spatulation 2. Triturations 3. Geometric dilution 4. Sifting 5. Tumbling 1. Spatulations In this method mixing of powder is done by the help of spatula. Throughout the powders on a shit of paper or on a porcelain tile. This method is very useful in mixing small amount of powder The method is not suitable large quantities of powders.
- 15. 2. Trituration It is used both to reduce particle size and mix powders Particles size reduction is desired along With mixing of powders ,porcelain mortar with a rough inner surface is preferred to a glass mortar with a smooth working surface A Glass mortar cleans more readily after use
- 16. 3. Geometric dilution The method is use when potent substances are to mixed with a large amount of diluent. The potent drug is placed upon an approximately equal volume of the diluent in a mortar and this substances are slightly mixed by Trituration. I.e 100 MG potent drug is required to be mixed with 900 MG of lactose -according to geometric dilution, 100mg of a potent drug +100 MG of lactose=200mg of mixture 200mg of the mixture +200mg of lactose=400mg of mixture 400mg of the mixture +400mg of lactose=800mg of mixture 800mg of the mixture +remaining portion of lactose =1000mg of mixture
- 17. 4.Sifting The powder are mixed by passing through sifters. This process result in a light fllufy product and is generally not acceptable for incorporation of potent drugs into a diluent base. 5. Tumbling Tumbling is the process of mixing powder in a large container rotated by an electric motor This blenders are widely employed in industry as large volume powder mixtures.
- 18. Thank You