The document discusses poverty globally and strategies to address it. It notes that almost half the world lives on less than $2.50 a day, and poverty disproportionately impacts rural areas and children. It then compares global spending on issues like education, health and nutrition to show how little is spent addressing poverty's root causes. Several factors that drive and perpetuate poverty are described, including debt, inequality, lack of social mobility, and corruption. The document outlines some organizations and approaches working to reduce poverty, such as achieving the UN's Millennium Development Goals and providing microfinance opportunities. It raises questions about the most effective strategies and whether poverty, inequality or debt should be prioritized.

1. Hannah Wasserman, Stacy Kim, James Wright and
Chris Yamamoto

2. How, Why and What we can Do

3. • Almost half the world (3 billion+) live on less than
$2.50 a day
• 3 of every 4 living on less than US$1/day live in
rural areas
• 22,000 children die each day due to poverty
• For every $1 in aid a developing country receives,
over $25 is spent on debt repayment
• 1998 global spending
o US$17 billion on pet foods in Europe & the US
o ~US$6 billion basic education for all
o ~US$9 billion water & sanitation for all
o ~US$12 billion reproductive health for all
women
o ~US$13 billion basic health and nutrition
• Visualize poverty
o http://povertydata.worldbank.org/poverty/home/

4. • Definition: The • Absolute:
state or condition struggling to have
of having little or basic needs
no money, goods, (food, clothing, he
or means of althcare, shelter)
support • Relative: being
below a certain
threshold, compar
ed to others;
similar to income
inequality

5. • Structural adjustment
o Economic structure reshaped to ensure repayment of
debt
• International aid
o Drives local farmers out of the market
• Food and agriculture issues
o Food prices
o Land conditions & natural disasters
• Corruption
o Centralization of power
• Warfare
• Colonization
• The poverty trap
o When poverty is high, the poor have no way of
getting out of the mess

6. Economic conditions
• Food productivity
• Employment and sharing of benefits
• Technology
Social conditions
• Food & water
• Health
• Education
• Housing
Political conditions
• Leadership
• Citizen participation/empowermen

7. • http://www.povertyover.org/
• A farm family's income/capita can
increase by:
o Saving
o Trade
o Technology
o Resource Boom
• Social mobility is crucial in order for
individuals to maintain a standard
of living above the poverty line

8. Where, How and Who’s Fighting Against it

9. Cultural
• Gender
• Race/Ethnicic Income

10.  MDG Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and
Empower Women
 Eliminate gender disparity in primary and
secondary education by 2005 and all levels of
education no later than 2015
 Where do we stand?
 The Girl Effect

11. The Girl Effect
In Nicaragua, 45 percent
of girls with no schooling
Today, more than 600
are married before age 18
million girls live in the
versus only 16 percent of
developing world.
their educated
counterparts.
When a girl in the
Approximately one- developing world receives
quarter of girls in seven or more years of
developing countries are education, she marries
not in school four years later and has
2.2 fewer children
An extra year of primary
school boosts girls’
Out of the world’s 130
eventual wages by 10 to
million out-of-school
20 percent. An extra year
youth, 70 percent are girls
of secondary school: 15 to
25 percent

14. More than 80% of the world live in
countries with an increasing income gap
The richest 20%
The poorest 40% of the world account account for 75%
for the only 5% of the global income of the world
income
An analysis of long-term trends
shows the distance between the
richest and poorest countries was
GDP of the 41 HIPC (567 million The wealthiest nation on earth has about:
people) is less than the wealth of the the widest gap between rich and
world's 7 richest people combined poor of any industrialized nation 3 to 1 in 1820
44 to 1 in 1973
72 to 1 in 1992

15.  Inequality Within Countries
 Economic Distribution
 Poverty in the midst of growth
 Western Inequality [Video]
• Inequality Between Countries
• Post WWII
• Globalization

17. o Global Occupy Movement
o World Economic Forum

19. Why does this happen?
• http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/globdebt.htm
Growth over time
• Uncontrollable circumstances
o Natural disasters
o Collapse of markets for exports
o Sudden rise in interest rates
o Fluctuations in exchange rates
o Decreases in income
o Currency may depreciate
o Global markets are volatile
• Examples: Argentina, Moldova
If we write off the debt, what happens?
• "Debt forgiveness"
• There are three options a country has when it is unable to
remedy their debt:
o Debt forgiveness
o Debt restructuring
o Default
What have been strategies

20. Debt->Poverty- Debt->Poverty-
>Inequality >Inequality
 Debt inhibits growth  Results in inequality
and interest rate and poverty because
fluctuates. not fair amount of
resources and
 Vicious cycle that programs
continues throughout
time
 The rich can afford
 Debt results in less the poor cant.
money spent on
educational, health  EXAMPLE
and government
programs for people.  Haiti debt

21. Millennium • Goals for year 2015
Development Goals
• High growth without great
“East Asian Miracle”
Inequality
• Macro Credit or Micro Credit
Income Redistribution
Education Government • AR, WM, IRD and NRM Projects
and Health Reforms
• Cancellation of Debt
Jubilee 2000

22. Goals Pitfalls
 Relieve Hunger and  Trying to take on to
Poverty much to soon
 Universal Education  Some Countries on
For all track while others no
 Reduce Child Mortality progress
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=v3p2VLTowA
A

23.  High growth without great Inequality because…….
 Getting Fundamentals Right
 Export push policies
 Free trade, free capital market and limited
government intervention
 Downfalls
 Susceptible to financial crisis
 Could lead to great inequality
After hearing the finding what is your opinion do we
need
limited government intervention or increased
government at
the local level? State? Federal? In developing
countries?

24. Many argue that the redistribution of wealth from the
rich to the poor will create equality across the board.
Macro • Macro Credit: Trickle
Down
Credit and • Micro Credit: Trickle up
Micro Credit
• Micro Finance:
Micro Financial Service to low
Finance income. Loan service

25.  Water Management Project
 Agricultural Research projects
 Integrated Rural Development
 Education
 Universal Education until you are 18 provided
by the government?
 Government
 Must pass Ethics and morality test?

26.  Initially spread through church initiatives
 G8
 US, UK, Canada, Japan, Germany, France, Italy,
and Russia
 Congress committed 769 million to debt relief
 How responsible are church organizations in
recognizing and addressing issues around
the world? What role should they have in
addressing poverty, inequality and debt

27.  Imagine you have recently been elected into
office in an underdeveloped country. You have a
choice to try to alleviate Poverty, Inequality or
Debt. Which one do you choose and write out 5
steps you take to address the issue. What
organizations do you get involved with? How
much money do you allocate? How long will the
process take? What made helped you make
your decision on which are to choose?

28.  Need GOOD government
 Meet basic human needs for all
 Use of technology
 Communication between government and
People
 NGO, NPO, Citizen appointed Commissions

29.  Is it possible to end poverty, inequality or
debt? Is it possible to end either of the
three?
 What will it take to get leaders around the
world to unite by creating a clear plan and
IMPLEMENTING it into our everyday lives?