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Positive emotions 3.0
Dr. Suresh Kumar Murugesan is a professor of psychology from India who specializes in positive psychology. He has published numerous research papers and books. The presentation discusses positive emotions, including their origins and types. Several theories of positive emotion are described, such as broaden-and-build theory and flow theory. Research shows that positive emotions can build resources, undo negative emotions, and predict longer life spans. Strategies for developing positive emotions include seeking social support, relaxation techniques, and rationalizing one's mood.
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Positive emotions 3.0
- 1. Positive Emotions Dr. SureshKumar Murugesan PhD Yellow Pond
- 2. About the Presenter ●Dr.Suresh Kumar Murugesan is a passionate Professor, researcher and Mental Health Practitioner from Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India ● At present he is heading the PG Department of Psychology, The American College, Madurai ● He is very keen in research studies and open to learn. ● His ultimate aim is to make impression in the field of Knowledge ● His area of specializations are Psychomentry, Psychotherapy, Positive Psychology, Education Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Cyber Psychology etc ● He has published 30 journal articles, 50 Conference and seminar proceedings ● Organised more than 500 webinars and acted as a resource person for 175 + webinar session ● Received 4 Awards and delivered 25+ Radio Talks ● Qualified UGC NET in Psychology and Education, Central Teacher Eligibility Test ● Published three books Yellow Pond
- 3. Disclaimer ● This presentationis prepared for learning purpose only and all the images and pictures used in this presentation are taken from google image search. ● Due recognition was given to all the material collected from the various sources. ● Any name or reference is missed kindly bring it to the notice of the presenter for inclusion. ● Email - sureshkumar800@yahoo.com Thank you Yellow Pond
- 4. Emotion "A strong feelingderived from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others. Ex - Love, Anger etc Yellow Pond
- 5. Emotion Emotion isa process of 1. subjective feelings, 2. physiological arousal, 3. cognitive and behavioural expression and interpretation Yellow Pond
- 6. Emotion - Origin Theword "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". Yellow Pond
- 7. Emotion - Origin Theword "emotion" was coined in the early 1800s by Thomas Brown and it is around the 1830s that the modern concept of emotion first emerged for the English language. Yellow Pond
- 8. Emotion - Research Researchon emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades with many fields contributing including 1. psychology, 2. neuroscience, 3. affective neuroscience, 4. endocrinology, 5. medicine, 6. history, 7. sociology of emotions, and 8. computer science. Yellow Pond
- 9. Emotion - Types Emotionscan be 1. occurrences (e.g., panic) or dispositions (e.g., hostility), and 2. short-lived (e.g., anger) or long-lived (e.g., grief) Yellow Pond
- 10. Positive thinking or talkingmainly about the good things in a situation to feel hopeful and confident. Yellow Pond
- 11. Positive Emotion Positive emotionsare emotions that we typically find pleasurable to experience. Yellow Pond
- 12. Positive Emotion TheOxford Handbook of Positive Psychology defines them as “pleasant or desirable situational responses… distinct from pleasurable sensation and undifferentiated positive affect” (Cohn & Fredrickson, 2009). Yellow Pond
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- 16. Theories of PositiveEmotion Yellow Pond
- 17. S. No. Theory Key Researcher(s) Key Proposition 1Broaden and Build Theory Fredrickson Positive emotions broaden awareness over a time and enable building of resources. 2 Flow Theory Mihály Csíkszentmihályi Flow is focused motivation involving single minded immersion in an appropriately challenging goal based activity 3 Hope Theory Snyder Hope is a perceived ability to produce pathways to achieve desired goals and motivation to use those pathways 4 Psychological Wellbeing Ryff and Keyes Psychological wellbeing involves not only the absence of illness, but the presence of something positive growth, positive relationship, autonomy purpose and environmental mastery 5 Self Determination Theory Deci and Ryan There are different types of motivation for activities ranging from those that feel intrinsic to those that feel extrinsic. Conditions will meet our psychological needs differently through our sense of autonomy, competence and relatedness. In turn this impacts our quality of motivation 6 Strengths Theory Peterson/ Seligman Linley Individuals have personal strengths that can be measured reliably across cultures 7 Wellbeing (PERMA) Theory Seligman Wellbeing can be achieved through five key pathways: Positive emotions, engagement, positive relationship, meaning and accomplishment
- 18. Studies on PositiveEmotions Yellow Pond
- 19. Increased positive emotioncan build physical, intellectual, social and psychological resources (B. L. Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh, & Larkin, 2003). Yellow Pond
- 20. Positive emotions canundo the effects of negative emotions (Garland et al., 2010); and promote resilience (Tugade & Fredrickson, 2004). Yellow Pond
- 21. Positive emotions canpredict a longer life-span (Danner, Snowdon, & Friesen, 2001; Levy, Slade, Kunkel, & Kasl, 2002; Xu & Roberts, 2010). Yellow Pond
- 22. Positive emotions canbroaden cognition and help people be accepting of a greater variety of behaviours (Isen, 1993). Yellow Pond
- 23. Increases in positiveemotions are shown to have a more significant impact on employee wellbeing and a range of other people and performance-related outcomes, than a comparable reduction in levels of employee negative emotions (Cotton & Hart, 2003; Hart, Caballero & Cooper, 2010). Yellow Pond
- 24. Positive emotional stylescan help prevent and speed-up recovery from illness, including the common cold (Sheldon. Cohen, Doyle, Turner, Alper, & Skoner, 2003), and stress and heart disease (B. L. Fredrickson & Levenson, 1998). Yellow Pond
- 25. Leaders who areseen as more positive tend to have followers who are more positive (Avey, Avolio, & Luthans, 2011). Yellow Pond
- 26. S. No. Key Researcher(s) KeyProposition 1 B. L. Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh, & Larkin, 2003 Increased positive emotion can build physical, intellectual, social and psychological resources 2 Garland et al., 2010 and Tugade & Fredrickson, 2004 Positive emotions can undo the effects of negative emotions (Garland et al., 2010); and promote resilience (Tugade & Fredrickson, 2004). 3 Isen, 1993 Positive emotions can broaden cognition and help people be accepting of a greater variety of behaviours 4 Danner, Snowdon, & Friesen, 2001; Levy, Slade, Kunkel, & Kasl, 2002; Xu & Roberts, 2010 Positive emotions can predict a longer life-span 5 Avey, Avolio, & Luthans, 2011 Leaders who are seen as more positive tend to have followers who are more positive 6 Sheldon. Cohen, Doyle, Turner, Alper, & Skoner, 2003, B. L. Fredrickson & Levenson, 1998 Positive emotional styles can help prevent and speed-up recovery from illness, including the common cold (Sheldon. Cohen, Doyle, Turner, Alper, & Skoner, 2003), and stress and heart disease (B. L. Fredrickson & Levenson, 1998). 7 Cotton & Hart, 2003; Hart, Caballero & Cooper, 2010 Increases in positive emotions are shown to have a more significant impact on employee wellbeing and a range of other people and performance-related outcomes, than a comparable reduction in levels of employee negative emotions
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- 28. 1. Seek Distraction● Stay busy ● concentrate on other things (like work or chores); ● daydream to forget troubled feelings; ● watch television; ● help others Yellow Pond
- 29. 2. Self Reward Engagein hobby or any other pleasurable activity (e.g. shopping, have fun, listen music, socialize, or eat candy) Yellow Pond
- 30. 3. Vent ●Let off steam; ● express the feeling; ● tell people about the feeling ● write about the feeling Yellow Pond
- 31. 4. Repress ●Suppress the feeling ● Inhibit the expression ● Active forgetting ● Use tranquilizers, alcohol or drug ● Act happy Yellow Pond
- 32. 5. Think Positively ● Thinkabout happy things ● Look on the bright side ● Focus attention on successes on other areas of life ● Think about an anticipated pleasurable future event Yellow Pond
- 33. 6. Trivialize ●Play down the bad feelings ● It is not as bad as seems ● Downward social comparison ● There is someone else who is worse off ● Use humour Yellow Pond
- 34. 7. Seek Relaxation ● Userelaxation technique ● Use stress management activities ● Stretch ● Breath control ● Exercise Yellow Pond
- 35. 8. Seek Refreshment ●Take shower ● Splash water on Face Go outside ● Get some fresh air Yellow Pond
- 36. 9. Reduce Demand ● Reduceworkload ● Walk away from ● Abandon, Cancel or postpone activities, Situations or responsibilities ● Lower aspiration level Yellow Pond
- 37. 10. Avoid NewDemands ● Make resolutions to avoid future demands ● Avoid demanding situations, responsibilities or activities ● Turn down request Yellow Pond
- 38. 11. Withdraw ● Tryto be alone ● Not talk to people ● Avoid eye contact ● Put out phone ● Avoid stimulation ● Close curtains ● Stay home Yellow Pond
- 39. 12. Eliminate energydrainers ● Eliminate stimuli that cost energy such as noise, bad smells, bright lights and playing radios Yellow Pond
- 40. 13. Rest ●Take a break ● Close eyes ● Nap ● Go to bed early Yellow Pond
- 41. 14. Energise ● Exercise ●Eat something ● Drink coffee or caffeinated beverage Yellow Pond
- 42. 15. Seek SocialSupport ● Ask for help ● Look for advice or guidance ● Pray for help Yellow Pond
- 43. 16. Rationale ●Put feelings in perspective ● Treat mood in the abstract ● As a piece of information ● Try to understand the feelings Yellow Pond
- 44. 17. Analyse ● Analysesituation to determine mood causes ● Keep a diary to track mood ● Use biofeedback systems Yellow Pond
- 45. 18. Transform Creativity ●Express the writing about the mood ● Use mood as the basis for creative expression Yellow Pond
- 46. 19. Embrace ● Allowthe bad feelings ● Accept or appreciate the mood Yellow Pond
- 47. 20. Detach ●Distinguish between the self and the mood ● Medidate ● Engage in mindfulness ● Engage in spiritual or religious activity Yellow Pond
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- 49. References ● https://slideplayer.com/slide/9193523/ ● http://www.ijdesign.org/index.php/IJDesign/article/view/2167/691 ●https://www.verywellmind.com/what-are-emotions-2795178 ● https://www.pfizer.com/health-wellness/wellness/what-is-wellness ● https://www.snc.edu/wellnessbydesign/ ● https://drkumarpsychologist.wordpress.com/2019/05/06/mental-wellness-visually-explained/ ● https://www.lovingrootsproject.com/allblogposts/tips-for-mental-wellness-amid-covid-19 ● https://medium.com/@tommychristopoulou/positivity-is-the-key-to-success-and-happiness-c5e46277cb36 ● https://blogs.shipleyschool.org/supporting-well-being-with-perma-positive-emotions ● https://discoveryinaction.com.au/wellbeing-and-the-perma-model/ ● http://maghouinbeg.blogspot.com/2018/12/20-days-mental-wellness.html ● https://ulladulla-h.schools.nsw.gov.au/news/2019/2/flourishing-students---gold-standard-wellbeing.html ● https://mappalicious.com/2016/02/08/infographic-building-blocks-of-the-good-life-perma-v/ ● https://www.stac.school.nz/why-stac/well-being-at-stac/perma-v/ ● https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/wellbeing-recovery-and-mental-health/science-of-wellbeing-and-positive- psychology/CECF4433A7DCE7BB5385C9AA5E890972/core-reader ● https://twitter.com/PESA_Aus/status/1020502012855586816/photo/1 ● https://positivepsychology.com/happiness-wellbeing-coaching-perma/ ● https://positivepsychology.com/perma-model/ ● https://www.wellbeingandresilience.com/sites/swrc5/media/pdf/permaandcentreoverview.pdf Yellow Pond
- 50. Components of Emotion Accordingto Scherer's Component Process Model (CPM) of emotion,there are five crucial elements of emotion. ○ Cognitive appraisal ○ Bodily symptoms ○ Action tendencies ○ Expression ○ Feelings Yellow Pond
- 51. Cognitive appraisal ● It providesan evaluation of events and objects. Yellow Pond
- 52. Bodily symptoms ● Bodilysymptoms: the physiological component of emotional experience. Yellow Pond
- 53. Action tendencies Action tendencies: a motivationalcomponent for the preparation and direction of motor responses. Yellow Pond
- 54. Expression Expression: facial andvocal expression almost always accompanies an emotional state to communicate reaction and intention of actions. Yellow Pond
- 55. Feelings ● Feelings:the subjective experience of emotional state once it has occurred Yellow Pond
- 56. 1. Broaden andBuild Theory by Fredrickson Yellow Pond
- 57. Positive Emotions ● Positiveemotion is more than just ‘happiness’. ● There are a range of positive emotions, including serenity, inspiration, amusement, hope, interest, joy, love, compassion, gratitude, and pride. ● Part of our capacity for experiencing positive emotions is genetic, but all of us have the ability to purposefully experience more positive emotion. Yellow Pond
- 58. Barbara Fredrickson ● ProfessorBarbara Fredrickson is a pioneer in the research of positive emotions. ● She believes that positive emotions are an indicator of flourishing, and that they can be cultivated to improve wellbeing over time (Fredrickson, B.L., 2001). ● Fredrickson’s Broaden and Build Theory says that positive emotions such as joy, interest, contentment, love and pride can broaden, or increase, our thoughts and actions. ● By exploring, savouring, integrating or visualising future success, positive emotions can broaden our habitual ways of thinking or acting to deliver a better result or feelings about life. Yellow Pond
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- 60. S. No Emotion Label Appraisaltheme Thought action Tendency Resource accrued 1 Gratitude Receive a gift or benefit Creative urge to be prosocial Skills for showing care, loyalty, social bonds 2 Serenity (Contentment) Safe, Familiar, low effort Savor and Integrate New priorities, new views of self 3 Hope Fearing the worst, yearning for better Plan for a better future Resilience, Optimism 4 Interest Safe, Novel Explore, Learn Knowledge 5 Love An interpersonal connection Mutual Care Social bonds 6 Pride Socially valued achievement Dream big Achievement motivation 7 Amusement Non Serious social incongruity Share joviality laugh Social bond 8 Awe Encounter beauty or goodness on a grand scale Absorb and accommodate New world view 9 Joy Safe, familiar, unexpectedly good Play, get involved Skills gained via experiential learning 10 Inspiration Witness human excellence Strive toward own higher ground Motivation for personal growth
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- 76. Emotion - Components Emotionsinvolve different components, such as ● subjective experience, ● cognitive processes, ● expressive behavior, ● psychophysiological changes, and ● instrumental behavior. Yellow Pond