The perma model

The PERMA Model: Your Scientific Theory of Happiness
A menudo hablamos sobre lo que significa la felicidad para nosotros y las diversas
formas de lograrla. Sin embargo, la felicidad es una cosa muy difícil de precisar.
Desarrollado por Martin Seligman, el modelo PERMA nos ayuda a identificar todos
los elementos necesarios para encontrar satisfacción en la vida. La teoría PERMA es
una de las más aclamadas por la crítica en el campo de la psicología positiva.
Factores del modelo PERMA
Ahora contamos con la Teoría del Bienestar (en inglés PERMA) incluyendo las 5
grandes áreas explicativas del bienestar personal, como viene expuesto en el libro
«Flourishing» (2011) traducido al español como «La vida que florece».
Emociones Positivas
Este factor se centra en el desarrollo de emociones positivas que superan en
presencia a las negativas.
Compromiso
El compromiso en la búsqueda de aquellas actividades que nos permitan entrar en
«flow», o el estado óptimo de activación.
Relaciones positivas
Mejorar nuestras relaciones personales, lo que también implica la mejora de nuestras
habilidades personales.
Significado
La búsqueda de la pertenencia a algo más grande que uno mismo.
Logro
El conseguir objetivos aparejado a la mejora de nuestras habilidades
La conciencia de PERMA puede ayudarlo a aumentar su bienestar al enfocarse en
sentirse bien, vivir de manera significativa, establecer relaciones de apoyo y
amistosas, lograr metas y estar completamente comprometido con la vida. Fomentar
estas experiencias en los niños puede ayudarlos a ir más allá de “sobrevivir” a
“prosperar” en la vida.
Aunque no podemos ser felices todo el tiempo, necesitamos asegurarnos de que a
menudo experimentemos emociones positivas como placer, felicidad, satisfacción,
paz, gozo e inspiración.
Las emociones y el pensamiento humanos están tan entrelazados que el
miedo puede estancarnos y el optimismo hacernos progresar. Las emociones
que denotan inadaptación por miedo están en la raíz de los fallos de
funcionamiento corporativo como la avaricia, la conducta indeseable o la
competición insana. Por ello, si quieren progresar, las organizaciones deben

efectuar una transición desde una cultura corporativa destructiva y asentada
en la aprensión hacia una cultura sana, deliberativa y feliz con todas las
cualidades constructivas que ello comporta
Los grupos sociales cuyo malestar es tan elevado que no pueden considerarse felices (sean
familias, sociedades o empresas) se asemejan en que todas ellas sufren la infelicidad como
resultado del miedo; sus síntomas son unas acciones muy limitadas, faltas de imaginación y
coraje que tienden a repetirse una y otra vez hasta llevarlas a la inadaptación, el estancamiento
y, finalmente, el fracaso. Por el contrario, la felicidad es el resultado del coraje unido al
aprecio y al respeto por los demás, una imaginación y una creatividad que fluyen libremente
en los individuos y unos fuertes lazos sociales entre el grupo. Ese coraje otorga a las personas
y a las organizaciones que lo poseen la posibilidad de crecer, resistir frente a los entornos
hostiles y expandirse hacia terrenos inexplorados.
Tal y como nos enseña la historia de la humanidad, cuanto más se utiliza la imaginación, más
se intercambian las ideas, más se desarrolla el cerebro y más evoluciona un grupo en la
dirección acertada. La clave de la felicidad en las organizaciones está en esforzarse de manera
constante por fomentar una cultura estimulante. La diferencia entre las organizaciones felices
y la infelices es la misma que existe entre ser simplemente alguien que reacciona a las
llamadas e imposiciones del mundo exterior o, por el contrario, alguien que construye
creativamente una nueva realidad obligando necesariamente al mundo a adaptarse a ella.
The PERMA Model: Your Scientific Theory of Happiness
Lic. SYDNEY VLADIMIR PEÑARANDA
We often talk about what happiness means to us and the various ways to achieve it. However,
happiness is a notoriously difficult thing to pin down. Developed by Martin Seligman, the
PERMA model helps us identify all the necessary elements that are needed to find

contentment in life. The PERMA theory is one of the most critically acclaimed ones in the
field of positive psychology .
PERMA model factors Now we have the Theory of Wellbeing, including the 5 major
explanatory areas of personal well-being, as highlighted in the book «Floreciente» (2011)
converted to Spanish as «La vida que flores».
Positive Emotions This factor focuses on the development of positive emotions that overcome
in the presence of negative ones.
Commitment The commitment in the search of the activities that allow us to enter "flow", or
the optimal state of activation.
Positive relationships Improve our personal relationships, which also implies improving our
personal skills.
MEANING The search for belonging to something greater than oneself.
Achievement Achieving objectives paves the way for improving our skills.
The awareness of PERMA can help you increase your well-being by focusing on feeling good,
living meaningfully, establishing supportive and friendly relationships, achieving goals and
being fully committed to life. Encouraging these experiences in children can help them go
beyond "surviving" to "thriving" in life.
Although we can not be happy all the time, we need to make sure that we often experience
positive emotions such as pleasure, happiness, satisfaction, peace, joy and inspiration
Human emotions and thinking are so intertwined that fear can stagnate us and optimism make
us progress. Emotions that denote fearlessness are at the root of corporate functioning failures
such as greed, undesirable behavior or unhealthy competition. Therefore, if they want to
progress, organizations must make a transition from a destructive corporate culture and based
on apprehension towards a healthy, deliberative and happy culture with all the constructive
qualities that this entails

Social groups whose unrest is so high that they cannot be considered happy (whether families,
societies or companies) resemble that all the ones suffer from unhappiness as a result of fear;
their symptoms are very limited actions, lack of imagination and courage that tend to a resuit
over and over again to lead to misfit, watertightness and, finally, failure. On the contrary,
happiness the result of courage coupled with appreciation and respect for others, an
imagination and creativity that can be bachelortised in individuals and strong social ties
between the group. This courage gives people and organizations that possess it the ability to
grow, resist hostile environments, and expand into uncharted terrain.
As the history of humanity teaches us, the more imagination is used, the more ideas are
exchanged, the more the brain develops and the more a group evolves in the right direction.
The key to happiness in organizations is to constantly strive to foster a stimulating culture. The
difference between happy and unhappy organizations is the same one between simply being
someone who reacts to the calls and impositions of the outside world or, on the contrary,
someone who creatively builds a new reality by forcing necessarily to the world to adapt to it.
`

GLOSSARY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
 Positive emotions They are the vaccine against depression, anxiety, insecurity,
bitterness, resentment and all those behaviors, thoughts and attitudes that sink
the human being. Some of them are: joy, love, wisdom, gratitude, respect,
dignity, freedom, well-being, inner strength, creativity, courage, hope, joy, good
humor, sense of humor, optimism, creativity.
 Spirituality Spirituality gives us a set of beliefs about life, sacred beliefs, leads
to a stable vision of oneself and also to a sense of belonging, we find meaning
and value in our life. Spirituality is lived differently for each one, and varies in
its levels within each person as well. We are not always with that feeling of
connection to the surface.
 Happiness It is analyzed according to five elements: Positive Emotions
(Positive Emotions), Engagement (it does not have an exact translation to
Spanish, but it could be commitment), Meaning (Meaning), Achievement
(Achievement) and Positive Relationships (Positive Relationships).

 Commitment: it consists of putting our personal strengths into practice in order
to be able to develop a greater number of optimal experiences that help us
promote the "flow".
 Positive relationships: based on investing time in nurturing social relationships
that encourage us to feel supported and accompanied, as this influences our
well-being.
 Sense: refers to the meaning of life, the development of goals that can go
beyond ourselves.
 Achievement: consists of establishing real goals that motivate us to achieve.
 According to Seligman, strengths are present in all the components and
therefore help us to promote our well-being.
 Assertiveness Characteristic of a person who expresses easily and without
anxiety his point of view and his interests, without denying those of others.
 Self-esteem Assessment we make of ourselves, the degree that we want as
people in each and every one of its dimensions. Adequate self-esteem, linked
to a positive self-concept, will enhance the ability of people to develop their
skills and increase the level of personal security, while low self-esteem will
focus the person towards defeat and failure.
 Adaptation: according to Piaget, the development of mental capacities as
organisms interact and learn to deal with their environment. It is composed of
assimilation and accommodation or adjustment.
 Intelligence: capacity for mental activity that can not be measured directly.
 Introspection: is the process of looking inside oneself and analyzing personal
experiences.
 Adjustment (according to Piaget): creation of new strategies or modification or
combination of the previous ones to handle new challenges.
 Positive: characteristic of a reinforcer or punitive stimulus, meaning that it
occurs after the behavior that will be conditioned occurs.
 Frustration. Situation in which the subject finds himself when he finds an
obstacle that does not allow him to satisfy a desire or reach a goal.
 Ability. Ability to act that develops thanks to learning, exercise and experience.
 Habit. Tendency to act in a mechanical way, especially when the habit has
been acquired by exercise or experience. It is characterized by being very
ingrained and because it can be executed automatically.

 Will. The psychic faculty that the individual has to choose between making or
not a certain act. It depends directly on the desire and intention to perform a
specific act.
 Will of meaning. According to Viktor Frankl, the will to meaning is the innate
impulse to find meaning and purpose in one's life.
GLOSARIO PSICOLOGIA POSITIVA
 Emociones positivas
 Espiritualidad
 Felicidad
 Compromiso:
 Relaciones positivas
 Sentido:
 Logro:
 Asertividad
 Autoestima.
 Adaptación: según Piaget,.
 Inteligencia:
 Introspección:
 Ajuste (según Piaget):
 Positivo:
 Frustración.
 Habilidad.
 Hábito.
 Voluntad.
 Voluntad de sentido.
Positive emotions
• Spirituality
• Happiness
• Commitment:
• Positive relationships

• Sense:
• Achievement:
• Assertiveness
• Self-esteem.
• Adaptation: according to Piaget,.
• Intelligence:
• Introspection:
• Adjustment (according to Piaget):
• Positive:
• Frustration.
• Skill.
• Habit.
• Will.
• Will of meaning.
Emociones positivas
Espiritualidad
Felicidad
Compromiso:
Relaciones positivas:

Sentido:
Logro:.
Asertividad
Autoestima
Adaptación:
Inteligencia:
Introspección:
Ajuste
Positivo:
Frustración.
Habilidad.
Hábito..
Voluntadultad psíquica que tiene el individuo para elegir entre realizar o no un
determinado acto. Depende directamente del deseo y la intención de realizar un acto
en concreto. Voluntad de sentido. Según el Viktor Frankl, la voluntad de sentido es el
impulso innato a encontrar un significado y propósito en la propia vida.
GLOSSARY POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY

 Positive emotions They are the vaccine against depression, anxiety, insecurity,
bitterness, resentment and all those behaviors, thoughts and attitudes that sink
the human being. Some of them are: joy, love, wisdom, gratitude, respect,
dignity, freedom, well-being, inner strength, creativity, courage, hope, joy, good
humor, sense of humor, optimism, creativity.
 Spirituality Spirituality gives us a set of beliefs about life, sacred beliefs, leads
to a stable vision of oneself and also to a sense of belonging, we find meaning
and value in our life. Spirituality is lived differently for each one, and varies in
its levels within each person as well. We are not always with that feeling of
connection to the surface.
 Happiness It is analyzed according to five elements: Positive Emotions
(Positive Emotions), Engagement (it does not have an exact translation to
Spanish, but it could be commitment), Meaning (Meaning), Achievement
(Achievement) and Positive Relationships (Positive Relationships).
 Commitment: it consists of putting our personal strengths into practice in order
to be able to develop a greater number of optimal experiences that help us
promote the "flow".
 Positive relationships: based on investing time in nurturing social relationships
that encourage us to feel supported and accompanied, as this influences our
well-being.
 Sense: refers to the meaning of life, the development of goals that can go
beyond ourselves.
 Achievement: consists of establishing real goals that motivate us to achieve.
 According to Seligman, strengths are present in all the components and
therefore help us to promote our well-being.
 Assertiveness Characteristic of a person who expresses easily and without
anxiety his point of view and his interests, without denying those of others.
 Self-esteem Assessment we make of ourselves, the degree that we want as
people in each and every one of its dimensions. Adequate self-esteem, linked
to a positive self-concept, will enhance the ability of people to develop their
skills and increase the level of personal security, while low self-esteem will
focus the person towards defeat and failure.
 Adaptation: according to Piaget, the development of mental capacities as
organisms interact and learn to deal with their environment. It is composed of
assimilation and accommodation or adjustment.

 Intelligence: capacity for mental activity that can not be measured directly.
 Introspection: is the process of looking inside oneself and analyzing personal
experiences.
 Adjustment (according to Piaget): creation of new strategies or modification or
combination of the previous ones to handle new challenges.
 Positive: characteristic of a reinforcer or punitive stimulus, meaning that it
occurs after the behavior that will be conditioned occurs.
 Frustration. Situation in which the subject finds himself when he finds an
obstacle that does not allow him to satisfy a desire or reach a goal.
 Ability. Ability to act that develops thanks to learning, exercise and experience.
 Habit. Tendency to act in a mechanical way, especially when the habit has
been acquired by exercise or experience. It is characterized by being very
ingrained and because it can be executed automatically.
 Will. The psychic faculty that the individual has to choose between making or
not a certain act. It depends directly on the desire and intention to perform a
specific act.
 Will of meaning. According to Viktor Frankl, the will to meaning is the innate
impulse to find meaning and purpose in one's life.

The perma model

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