India is the most populous country in the world with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, driven by high fertility rates, declining mortality, cultural norms favoring large families, and limited access to family planning. The government has initiated various programs, such as the national family planning program, to curb population growth and promote maternal and child health. Future population management will depend on continued family planning efforts, women's empowerment, and effective policies.

1. Population of India & Family
welfare Programme In India
Presenter: Dr. Dheeraj Kumar
MRIT, Ph.D. (Radiology and Imaging)
Assistant Professor
Medical Radiology and Imaging Technology
School of Health Sciences, CSJM University, Kanpur

2. Population of India
• The population of India is one of the most significant demographic
phenomena in the world. As of recent estimates, India is the most populous
country globally, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion people. The
population of India has been steadily growing over the years, driven by
factors such as high fertility rates, declining mortality rates due to
advancements in healthcare and sanitation, cultural norms favoring larger
families, and limited access to contraceptives and family planning services
in some regions.
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3. • The current population of India is 1,437,054,302 as of Thursday, February
22, 2024, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations
data 1.
• India 2023 population is estimated at 1,428,627,663 people at mid year.
• India population is equivalent to 17.76% of the total world population.
• India ranks number 1 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by
population.
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4. • The population density in India is 481 per Km2 (1,244 people per mi2).
• The total land area is 2,973,190 Km2 (1,147,955 sq. miles)
• 36.3 % of the population is urban (518,239,122 people in 2023)
• The median age in India is 28.2 years.
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5. Population of India (2024 and historical)
Year Population
Yearly %
Change
Yearly
Change Migrants (net) Median Age Fertility Rate
Density
(P/Km²)
Urban
Pop %
Urban
Population
Country's Share
of
World Pop
World
Population
India
Global Rank
2024 1,441,719,852 0.92 % 13,092,189 -486,784 28.6 1.98 485 36.8 % 530,387,142 17.76 % 8,118,835,999 1
2023 1,428,627,663 0.81 % 11,454,490 -486,136 28.2 2.00 481 36.3 % 518,239,122 17.76 % 8,045,311,447 1
2022 1,417,173,173 0.68 % 9,609,331 -487,303 27.9 2.01 477 35.7 % 506,304,869 17.77 % 7,975,105,156 2
2020 1,396,387,127 0.96 % 13,275,077 -34,772 27.3 2.05 470 34.6 % 483,098,640 17.81 % 7,840,952,880 2
2015 1,322,866,505 1.29 % 16,450,577 -475,094 25.5 2.29 445 32.4 % 429,069,459 17.81 % 7,426,597,537 2
2010 1,240,613,620 1.45 % 17,194,981 -380,087 24.0 2.60 417 30.7 % 380,744,554 17.76 % 6,985,603,105 2
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6. India Population Forecast
Year Population
Yearly %
Change
Yearly
Change
Migrants
(net)
Median
Age
Fertility
Rate
Density
(P/Km²)
Urban
Pop %
Urban
Population
Country's
Share of
World Pop World Population
India
Global
Rank
2025 1,454,606,724 0.82 % 11,643,919 -486,077 29.0 1.97 489 37.3 % 542,742,539 17.76 % 8,191,988,453 1
2030 1,514,994,080 0.82 % 12,077,471 -486,942 30.9 1.91 510 40.1 % 607,341,981 17.73 % 8,546,141,327 1
2035 1,567,802,259 0.69 % 10,561,636 -496,692 32.8 1.86 527 43.1 % 675,456,367 17.66 % 8,879,397,401 1
2040 1,611,676,333 0.55 % 8,774,815 -496,507 34.6 1.83 542 46.2 % 744,380,367 17.54 % 9,188,250,492 1
2045 1,645,863,187 0.42 % 6,837,371 -495,892 36.4 1.81 554 49.3 % 811,749,463 17.38 % 9,467,543,575 1
2050 1,670,490,596 0.30 % 4,925,482 38.1 1.78 562 52.5 % 876,613,025 17.20 % 9,709,491,761 1
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7. India Demographics
• India's large and youthful population presents both challenges and
opportunities.
• The demographic dividend refers to the economic benefits that arise from a
favorable age distribution, with a large working-age population relative to
dependents.
• India's demographic dividend has the potential to fuel economic growth, but
effective policies are needed to harness this potential.
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8. Life Expectancy in India
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9. Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children
under 5 Years Old in India
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10. India Urban Vs Rural Population
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11. Population Density
• The 2023 population density in India is 481 people per Km2 (1,244
people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 2,973,190 Km2
(1,147,955 sq. miles).
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12. Largest Cities in India
# CITY NAME POPULATION
1 Mumbai 12,691,836
2 Delhi 10,927,986
3 Bengaluru 5,104,047
4 Kolkata 4,631,392
5 Chennai 4,328,063
6 Ahmedabad 3,719,710
7 Hyderabad 3,597,816
8 Pune 2,935,744
9 Surat 2,894,504
10
Kanpur 2,823,249
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13. 22-02-2024 Presenter: Dr. Dheeraj Kumar 13

14. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of India
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15. Factors Contributing to Population Growth
Several factors contribute to the high
population growth rate in India:
• High fertility rates, especially in rural areas
• Decline in mortality rates due to improved
healthcare and sanitation
• Cultural and religious beliefs favoring larger
families
• Limited access to contraceptives and family
planning services in some areas
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16. Regional Variations in Population
Population distribution in India varies
significantly across different regions.
• Some states, such as Uttar Pradesh and
Bihar, have very high population densities,
while others, like the northeastern states,
have lower population densities.
• Urban areas are experiencing rapid
population growth due to migration from
rural areas and natural population increase.
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17. Challenges of Population Growth
Rapid population growth poses several
challenges for India:
• Pressure on infrastructure, such as housing,
transportation, and healthcare
• Strain on natural resources, leading to
environmental degradation
• High unemployment and underemployment
rates, especially among youth
• Increased demand for food, water, and energy,
exacerbating scarcity issues
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18. Government Initiatives
The Indian government has implemented
various initiatives to address population-
related issues:
• National Family Planning Program
• Promotion of contraception and family
planning services
• Maternal and child health programs
• Awareness campaigns on the importance
of small family sizes
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19. National Family Planning Program
• The National Family Planning Program was launched in India
in 1952 with the aim of controlling population growth through
voluntary family planning methods.
• The program provides access to contraceptives and family
planning services to couples across the country.
• It offers a range of contraceptive options, including oral pills,
condoms, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and sterilization
procedures.
• The program also focuses on educating individuals and
communities about the benefits of family planning and
empowering them to make informed decisions about their
reproductive health.
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20. Promotion of Contraception and Family
Planning Services
• In addition to the National Family Planning Program, the
government promotes the use of contraception and family
planning services through various channels.
• This includes the provision of contraceptives through
public health facilities, outreach programs in rural areas,
and partnerships with non-governmental organizations
(NGOs) and private healthcare providers.
• Efforts are made to ensure the availability and accessibility
of a wide range of contraceptive methods to meet the
diverse needs of the population.
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21. Maternal and Child Health Programs
• The Indian government has implemented several
maternal and child health programs aimed at
improving the health and well-being of mothers and
children.
• These programs focus on providing antenatal care,
skilled birth attendance, postnatal care, immunizations,
and nutrition support to pregnant women and young
children.
• By addressing maternal and child health issues, these
programs contribute to reducing infant mortality,
improving maternal health outcomes, and promoting
smaller family sizes through better child survival.
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22. Awareness Campaigns on the Importance of
Small Family Sizes
• The government conducts awareness campaigns and communication
initiatives to promote the importance of small family sizes and the benefits of
family planning.
• These campaigns utilize various media channels, including television, radio,
print, and digital platforms, to reach a wide audience.
• They aim to dispel myths and misconceptions surrounding family planning,
address cultural and social barriers, and encourage positive attitudes towards
smaller family sizes.
• Community-level engagement and participation are emphasized to ensure that
the messages resonate with local populations and lead to behavioral change.
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23. Future Outlook
The future trajectory of India's population will
depend on several factors, including:
• Continued efforts to promote family planning and
reproductive health
• Socioeconomic development and empowerment of
women
• Urbanization and migration trends
• Effective policies and interventions will be
crucial in managing population growth and
ensuring sustainable development.
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24. Thank You
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