The Consumer Protection Act was enacted in 1986 to protect consumer interests in India. It established consumer councils and forums for resolving disputes. The act defines consumers as any person who buys goods or services for personal use. It gives consumers rights like the right to safety, information, choice, and representation. Complaints can be filed with district, state or national consumer commissions depending on the value of relief sought. The act aims to provide speedy redressal of consumer complaints. It covers healthcare services and defines duties and penalties for non-compliance with consumer forum orders.

1. PRESENTEE: SAKSHI RANA

3. CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
Consumer protection act (CPA), is an act
of the parliament of India enacted in 1986
to protect the interests of consumers in
India. The provisions of the act came into
force with the effect from 15-4-1987. It
makes provision for the establishment of
consumer councils and other authorities
for the settlement of consumer’s disputes
and for matters connected therewith.

4. Contt..
 This act considered patients as
consumers, i.e. buyers of services and the
doctors as provider of these services on
payment.
 Consumer Protection laws are a form of
government regulation which aim to
protect the interests of consumers.

5. Contt..
 Consumer protection is linked to the idea
of "consumer rights" (that consumers
have various rights as consumers), and to
the formation of consumer organizations.

6. Contt..
The Consumer Protection Act of India
 Specific about what a complaint is, under
the law‘s definitions.
 Complaint must be made in written
 Defects in goods or unsatisfactory service
can be the subject of written complaints,
as can excessively high charges for goods
or services.

7. ENACTION OF ACT
 The act was passed in Lok Sabha on 9th
December, 1986 and assented by the
president of India in December, and was
published in the Gazette of India on 26th ,
1986.
 This act was enacted in the 37th year of
the Republic of India and was amended
from time to time in the following year’s
i.e.1991, 1993, and 2002.

8. OBJECTIVES
 The main objective of CPA is to provide
speedy and simple redressal to consumer
disputes.
 It is one of the benevolent pieces of
legislation intended to protect the
consumers at large from exploitation

9. FEATURES OF CPA
During last few years, due to increased
availability of sophisticated, investigative
and therapeutic technology, modern
practice of medicine is dehumanized. This
fact is partly responsible for loss of
mutual trust. Important features of this act
as follows;

10. Contt..
 Services rendered by a doctor, hospital or
any other healthcare organization for
carrying out consultation, diagnosis,
investigations and treatment fall within
the purview of this act.
 If the charges are reimbursable or there is
third party payment, e.g. employer,
insurance company, etc. and then also the
act is applicable

11. Contt..
 If the services rendered are totally free,
then act is not possible.
 The act is applicable to the patients who
are treated free in paying hospitals.
 The act is applicable to all the patients
who are treated free hospitals having
paying beds, paying section or payment
required for any service.

12. Contt..
 A consumer does not have to pay court
fees or process fees.
 Prescribes time limit for settling the
disputes in 3 months. If expert’s
examination is required, no longer time is
permitted.

13. CONSUMER PROTECTION
COUNCILS
1) Central consumer protection council
RIGHTS
PROTECTED
INFORMED
ASSURED
HEARD
SEEK REDRESSAL

14. Contt..
2) State consumer protection councils:-
 The minister in charge of consumer affairs in
the state Government, who shall be its
Chairman.
 The State Council shall meet as and when
necessary, but not less than two meetings
shall be held every year .
 Objective of every state council shall be to
promote and protect within the state, the
rights of consumer.

15. COMMISSIONS IN CONSUMER
PROTECTION ACT
1. District Forum: Consist of 2 persons;
District judge as president.
Two persons having knowledge of any
followings:
 Law
 Economics
 Commerce
 Accounting
 Administration
 Industry

16. Contt..
2. State Commission: Consists of three members;
Sitting or former judge of high court as
president.
Two persons as describes in the composition of
district forum.
This commission attends to the complaints
asking for compensation
If the complaints are not satisfied with the
judgment, the appeal can be made to the
National Commission within 30 days.

17. Contt..
3. National Commission: Consists of five
persons:
Sitting or former judge of Supreme Court.
Four persons as described in the previous
two committees.

18. Contt..
This commission handles complaints
demanding more than 20 lakhs as
compensation. Consumer protection act
also provides for:
 State level consumer protection council.
 Central consumer protection council for
the purpose of:
 Protecting rights of the consumers
 Promoting rights of the consumers
 Educating consumers.

19. SOME DEFINITIONS UNDER
THIS ACT

20. CONSUMERS

22. COMPLAINT

24. DEFICIENCY

26. RIGHTS OF THE PATIENTS
According to American association
 Right to considerate and respectful care.
 Right to information
 Right to make decisions
 Right to expect reasonable continuity of
care
 Right to be informed
 Right to privacy

27. Contt..
 Right to confidentiality
 Right to ask
 Right to consent
 Right to say no

29. By government of india rights for all
consumers under consumer
protection act:-
 Right to safety
 Right to choice:-
 Right to information
 Right to be heard and to
representation

30. GRANTS OF RELIEFS
 To remove the defect.
 To replace the goods with new goods of
similar description which shall be free
from any defect.
 To return to the complainant the price.
 To pay such amount as may be awarded
as compensation to the consumer for the
loss or injury suffered by the consumer
due to negligence of opposite party.

31. Contt..
 To discontinue the unfair practices and
services or not to repeat them.
 To cease manufacture of hazardous goods.
 To issue corrective advertisement, do not
mislead the advertisement.
 Not to offer hazardous goods for sale.
 To provide for adequate costs to parties.

32. PROCEDURE
 First and foremost, the complaint must be
made in writing, defects in goods and
unsatisfactory services can be the subject for
written complaints.
 Consumers are not charged a fee for filing
such complaints. Decisions may involve
complete removal of any defect in a product
and replacement of the product. Refunds are
specifically provided for in the law. If in case
of a death of consumer, his legal
representative may make a complaint.

33. PERIOD OF LIMITATION
A complaint is only admitted by any of
the competent forums under consumer act
if it is filled within two years from the date
on which the cause of action has arisen
but it may be entertained after the said
period after recording its reason for
condoning such delay, if the complainant
satisfies that he had a sufficient cause for
not filling the complaint within period of
two years.

34. WHO CANNOT TAKE BENEFIT OF
CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
1. Free goods/services
2. Reseller.
3. Commercial purpose.

35. PENALTY
According to this act , where a trader or
complainant fails to comply with an order
made by the relevant consumer forum ,
such person is liable to a punishment with
imprisonment for a term which is not less
than two thousand rupees but which may
extend to ten thousand rupees or with
both.

36. ADVANTAGES
1. Doctors are accountable for their actions of:
 Omission.
 Commission.
2. Speedy justice to consumers.
3. Decisions are made on the basis of law, faith
and fairness.
4. It encourages:
 Proper communication with patients.
 Proper documentation.
 Better performance.
 Reasonable charges.

37. DISADVANTAGES
 Medical services are personalized and
cannot be standardized. Hence there may
be unnecessary complaints.
 Doctors tend to practice defensive
medicine by ordering more tests, ordering
opinions, from other specialties and
treating doubtful conditions vigorously.

38. Contt..
 Blackmailing by patients, colleagues,
lawyers and social workers.
 Likely damage to the reputation.
 Doctors may refuse to take up
complicated cases.

39. REFERENCES
 Clement Nisha. Essentials of Management of
nursing service and education. First ed. Jaypee
brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd. p. 636-38.
 K. Deepak, C Chandran Sarath, Kumar Mithun. A
comprehensive textbook on Nursing Management.
First ed. EMMESS publishers. p. 538
 Clement I. Management of nursing services and
education. 2nd ed. ELSEVIER publishers. p. 498-
99
 Kumari Neelam. A textbook of management of
nursing services and education. 4th ed. S. Vikas &
company (Medical publeshers) India. p. 478-80.

40. THANK YOU