The document discusses population education, including its definition, objectives, major areas, and role in addressing population issues in India. It defines population education as providing knowledge and understanding of population trends and developing rational attitudes towards population growth. The objectives are to increase awareness of population problems and promote small family norms. Major areas of focus include population growth rates, economic and social impacts, health, and family planning programs. Population education is taught through various subjects and teaching methods to help address India's population explosion and its consequences.

1. In the middle of joyful colours; still no at all
happy

4. P
O
P
U
L
A
T
I
O
N
E
X
P
L
O
S
I
O
N
Q
U
A
L
I
T
Y
O
F
L
I
F
E

5. Demography is
the statistical
study of populations,
especially human beings.

6. Census
A census is the procedure of systematically
acquiring and recording information about the
members of a given population. It is a
regularly occurring and official count of a
particular population. The term is used mostly
in connection with national population and
housing censuses; other common censuses
include agriculture, business, and traffic
censuses.

7. Demographic Indicators
• Carrying Capacity: The maximum sustainable size of a
resident population in a given ecosystem.
• The most important indicators of population growth are
fertility, mortality and migration trends or the movement of
people from one location to another.
• Natality: Births as a component of population change.
• Fertility: The actual reproductive performance of an
individual, a couple, a group, or a population.
• Birth Rate (or crude birth rate) The number of live births
per 1,000 population in a given year.
• Mortality rate, or death rate,[1] is a measure of the number
of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a
particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per
unit of time.

8. Migration
• Immigration Rate: The number of immigrants
arriving at a destination per 1000 population at that
destination in a given year.
• Emigration Rate: The number of emigrants/citizens
departing from a country at a destination per 1000
population at that destination in a given year.
• Net Migration Rate: The net effect of immigration
and emigration on an area's population, expressed as
an increase or decrease per 1000 population of the
area in a given year.

9. Population Growth
• Population Growth Rate: The number of persons
added to (or subtracted from) a population in a
year due to natural increase and net migration
expressed as a percentage of the population at
the beginning of the time period.
• Population Increase: The total population
increase resulting from the interaction of births,
deaths, and migration in a population in a given
period of time.

10. Zero population growth: A population in
equilibrium, with a growth rate of zero, achieved
when births plus immigration equal deaths plus
emigration.

11. World Population Rate

12. Indian Population Details
• The current population of India is 1,335,959,069 as of
Tuesday, January 31, 2017, based on the latest United
Nations estimates.
• India population is equivalent to 17.86% of the total world
population.
• India ranks number 2 next to china ,in the list of countries
(and dependencies) by population.
• The population density in India is 452 per Km2 (1,169
people per mi2).
• The total land area is 2,972,892 Km2 (1,147,839 sq. miles)
• 32.8 % of the population is urban (439,801,466 people in
2017)
• The median age in India is 26.9 years.
Source: Worldometers (www.Worldometers.info)

13. Causes of Population Explosion in India
• Gap between birth rate and death rate.
• Early marriage.
• High fertility rates.
• High reproductive age group.
• Unmet demand for contraceptives.
• Lack of adequate knowledge of family planning
methods.
• Sexual activity and behaviour.
• Less abortion rate.
• Large family concept.
• General illiteracy.
• Satisfaction through sharing a joint family.

14. Consequences of overpopulation
include:
• Child poverty
• High birth rates
• Lower life expectancies
• Lower levels of literacy
• Higher rates of unemployment, especially in urban
• Insufficient arable land
• Little surplus food
• Poor diet with ill health and diet-deficiency diseases.
• Low per capita GDP(Gross Domestic Productivity)
• Increasingly unhygienic conditions
• Government is stretched economically

16. Impact of Population Explosion on
Education
• Abnormal rush of admission at all levels
• Insufficient infrastructure
• Insufficient accommodation
• Overcrowded classes
• Recruitment of untrained teachers in certain
schools
• Inadequate staff in schools
• Deterioration in standards of education.

17. • Even with the best intensions and planning it may not
be possible to solve the problems of expansions of
education ,unemployment ,poverty shortage and
inadequacy of civic amenities etc unless these
problems are tackled in the context of total population
problems of the country.
• Any planning to develop the nation’s material and
human resources without a concurrent reduction in
the incidence of births is doomed to fail.

18. FAMILY
PLANNING
FORMAL
EDUCATION
ABOUT
AWARENESS OF
POPULATION
PROBLEMS
Right attitude development
and decision making power
at early age

19. Population Education
“Population Education is the study of the human population in relation to his environment
with a view to improve his quality of life without adversely affecting the environment”.
-R.C.Sharma
“Population Education is an educational programme which provides for a study of the
population situation of the family ,community ,nation and world ,with the purpose of
developing in the students rational and responsible attitude and behaviour toward the
situation”.
-UNESCO Regional workshop on population ,family planning and life education held at
Bangkok in 1970
“Population Education is an educational activity which is a part of a total social learning
process ; is problem centred ;derives its content from population studies ; is concerned
primarily with population- related interactions of individuals ,families communities
,societies and nations ;is aimed specifically at improving the present and future quality of
human life”.
ISCOMPE : International Study of the Conceptualization and Methodology of Population
Education.

20. POPULATION
EDUCATION
POPULATION
EDUCATION
FAMILY
PLANNING
SEX
EDUCATION

21. • Family Planning stress more about the
solutions to avoid disintegration of family,
decisions about number of children etc.
• Its one of the aspect of population education.
• Sex education stress more on the methods to
prevent the vulnerable diseases and about
wedlock pregnancies.
• Sex education stress on individual.

22. Population education it is
about the integration
between
individual , family and
society.
POPULATION EDUCATION

23. Need of
Population
Education
Ensuring
quality of life
Optimum use
of natural
resources
Maintaining and
improving
health
Controlling
population
Explosion
Checking under
–nourishment
Giving
impetus
family
planning
Establishing
equality of
sexes
Preparing young
people for better
family life
Developing
appropriate
reproductive
behavior
Proper
utilization of
national wealth
Controlling
environmental
degradation

24. Characteristics of Population Education
• A new branch of study in the field of Education .
• Studies the impact of the increase in population of different age groups.
• Studies the impact of the total population on the economic development of
a country.
• Helps the students to investigate and explore the interaction between
population and environment.
• Helps the students to be aware of the process and consequences of the
population growth on the quality of our lives.
• Enables the students to describe the causes and consequences of population
growth at the local, national and global levels.
• Provides solutions to population problems and makes human life happy.

25. Objectives of population Education
General Objectives
• Knowledge and Understanding
• Evaluation and judgement
• Decision making
• Response making to the programmes

26. Objectives of population Education
• To provide knowledge and understanding of the prevailing
population situation.
• To provide knowledge about the present population trends and
issues.
• To acquaint the learner with a knowledge of the national population
policy.
• To help the learner to understand how rapid urbanization affects
their lives.
Specific Objectives

27. Specific Objectives
• To explain the learner the reasons for the government’s
efforts to manage population growth rates.
• To provide the students with necessary skills to
evaluate the impact of population change on the society.
• To teach the students the importance of a small family.
• To provide information about the measures to be taken
to control the growth of population.

28. Major areas of Population Education
There are six major areas of population education:
1. The population growth
2. Economic development and population growth
3. Social development and population growth
4. Health ,nutrition and population
5. Biological factor-family life and population
6. Population programmes -national and
international
Source:- NCERT workshop on Population Education
at New Delhi in July 1970

29. Role of Education:
Education has a great motivational force to perform for controlling over
population.
1. Children in the elementary stage should also be taught through their courses
of study, the merits of small family and demerits of large family and should
develop favourable attitude and appreciation for having a small family
when they become adults.
2. Boys and girls at the secondary stage should be given the knowledge in a
scientific way about the reproductive biology system and the sex-hygiene.
3. Parent-teacher associations can also take the responsibility of educating the
families.
4. Schools should assume the responsibility of educating the community and
the families and should collaborate with other agencies for the education of
the masses for having small families.
5.Community forums and voluntary organisations should discuss the
drawbacks of large families and the merits of small families.

30. How Population Education Be taught in
Schools ?
• Growth of population in cities
• Over crowded situation
• Economic development and
population
• Social development and
population growth
• Importance of good health
• Factors responsible for personal
hygiene
• Life in slums
• Control of diseases
Elementary
Level

31. How Population Education Be taught in
Schools ?
• Population growth
• Economic development and
Population
• Social development and
population growth
• Comparisons of national graphs
development
• Health ,nutrition and population
growth
• Biological factors and population
• Stages of growth
Lower
Secondary
Level

32. How Population Education Be taught in
Schools ?
• Population growth
• Economic development
and population growth
• Health ,nutrition and
population growth
• Biological factors and
population
• Social development
and population growth
Higher
Secondary
Stage

33. Inter disciplinary or integrated or infused
approach
Population
Education
Vocational
Studies
Life
Sciences Earth
Sciences
Social
Sciences

34. Interdisciplinary or integrated or Infused approach
Population
Education
Social
Sciences
Earth
Sciences
Life
Sciences
Mathema
tics
Physical
Science
Vocational
Studies
Commercial
arts

35. Interdisciplinary or integrated or
Infused approach
• A distinctive population education unit ,course or
module is created by selecting ,presenting and
dwelling upon the relevant components of various
disciplines.
• A series of related topics of population education are
interwoven into an instructional scheme .
• The approach is likely to provide a comprehensive
view of various dimensions of population education
and hence would be more effective.
• Population education should be treated as a integrated
subject with other subjects.

36. How Population education is integrated with other
subjects?
• Languages : In the form of stories ,essays and poems
in the mother tongue, regional and national language.
• Social Studies : Statistics on Population and impact
of population on socio-economic development can be
discussed.
• Science and health education :Problems of fertility,
reproduction, family planning and hygienic problems
due to over population can be taught.
• Mathematics : With help of percentage and graphical
representations students can be made aware of
population growth.
• Arts : Cartoons, pictures etc can be used for teaching
population education.

37. Teaching methods that can be adopted for
Population education
• Correlational method
• Direct and indirect method of teaching
• Co-curricular activities
• Extra-curricular activities
• Discussions
• Debates and Seminars

38. Role of Teacher in Population Education
• Should have an in-depth knowledge about population
education.
• Should have a clear picture about the prevailing socio-
economic status of the country.
• Should be ready to play a very effective and powerful role for
brining about a social change.
• Should have the qualities of being progressive , tolerant
,skilled , creative and far sighted.
• Should have an active interest in population education.
• Should have interest to be a part of family welfare
programmes.
• Should act against the population explosion with self-
confidence and scientific attitude.
• Should have the stability and integration of thoughts, words
and action.

39. Problems of Population Education
Seminars and
Symposia should be
organized
It should be able to
cater clear -cut idea
about aims of
population Education
Confusion
of the
Concept NCERT,SCERT and
allied organizations
should meet this
need.
Preparation of
guidelines for the use
of teachers at various
stages should be
taken seriously
Inadequate
Curriculum

40. Problems of Population Education
Audio –visual aids,
teaching materials
,text books, literatures
for mass media like
radio, television etc
should be prepared.
Educational
institutions should
meet the need with
enough literature
materials for
population education.
Lack of
materials and
new
technology Syllabus of B.Ed. And
M.Ed. should be
revised accordingly.
NCERT and Higher
education institutes
should produce
suitable literatures for
teachers.
Lack of
trained
teachers and
resource
persons

41. Problems of Population Education
Introduce population
education among the
non-government
organizations.
Educate parents
through schools
based awareness
programmes.
Lack of
Knowledge
for the
common
people
Develop more
literature materials
and text books in the
regional languages.
Regional Educational
institutions should try
to meet the need.
Lack of
variety of
language and
dialects

42. Problems of Population Education
• Lack of planning
• Lack of transport and communication
• Social and religious taboos
• Problems of integration
• Lack of research

43. POPULATION EDUCATION
PROGRAMME

44. Which day of the year is celebrated as World
Population Day ?

45. World Population Day
• In 1989, the Governing Council of the United
Nations Development Programme
recommended that 11 July be observed by the
international community as World Population
Day, a day to focus attention on the urgency
and importance of population issues.
• Year 2016’s theme was 'Investing in teenage
girls.

46. POPULATION EDUCATION PROGRAMME IN
INDIA
• Education is the principal solution for tackling
the problem of growing the rates of population.
• Ministry of Education launched a Population
Education Programme with effect from April
1980.
• It was designed to introduce population
education along with the formal education
system.

47. • The main objective of the programme was to create in
the younger generation an adequate awareness of the
population problems and realization in this regard of its
responsibilities towards their nation.
• It was a planned scheme in the Central Sector of
Ministry of Education which was developed in
collaboration with the UNFPA(United Nations Funds
for Population Activities).
• The state level programmes are implemented by state
governments with the technical assistance of NCERT.
• Ten states/Union Territories namely Bihar,
Gujarat,Haryana etc joined for the programme in April
1980 and nine others like Orissa, Kerala,Tamil Nadu
,West Bengal etc joined in April 1981.

48. National Policy of Education on Population
Education (1992 &1996)
The following paragraphs mentioned population
education
• Para(1.13) : “ The growth of our population need
to be brought down significantly over the coming
decades. The largest single factor that could be
help to achieve this is the spread of literacy and
education among the women”.
• Para (4.11): Relating to adult education
programmes states that these programmes will be
linked with ……observance of small family
norms”.

49. • Para (8.16) : “ Population Education must be
viewed as an important part of the nation’s
strategy to contain the growth of population
starting at the primary and secondary school
levels with inculcation of consciousness about
the looming crisis due to expansion of
population. Educational programmes should
actively motivate and inform youth and adults
about family planning arid responsible
parenthood.

50. Concept Map
Population Explosion
• Demography ,Census ,Demographic indicators.
Population Details
• World Population Rate
• Indian Population Details
Population Explosion
• Causes, consequences and Impact of Population Education
Population Education
• Definition
• Need of Population Education
• Characteristics of Population Education

51. Objectives of Population Education
• General Objectives
• Specific Objectives
Major areas of Population Education
• Six Major Areas
Role of Education
• Population Education at elementary ,lower
secondary and higher secondary.

52. Inter disciplinary or Infused approach
• How Population Education is integrated with
other subjects
• Teaching Methods adopted
• Role of Teacher
Problems of Population Education
Population Education Programmes

53. Thank You
Presented by
Honey Babu,
Asst. Professor in Education,
GVM’s Dr. Dada Vaidya,
College of Education ,Goa.