This document discusses key concepts in population ecology. It defines a population as a group of the same species living in the same area at the same time. Population size is primarily influenced by birth rate, death rate, and migration. There are three main patterns of dispersion within a population: clumped, where individuals aggregate in patches; uniform, where individuals are evenly distributed; and random, where the position of each individual is independent of others. The document also discusses social organization, noting that all mammals and birds are social to some degree, while some insect species like ants and bees exhibit an extreme form of sociality called eusociality with specialized individual roles.