Population and demography are major areas of study for social scientists. A population is defined as a group of individuals occupying a particular place at a given time. Key factors in defining a population are group, place, and time. Population growth impacts issues like housing, food security, and the environment. Demography statistically analyzes population characteristics like size, composition by age and sex, birth and death rates, and immigration. Demographic data is important for policymaking and predicting future trends. Sources of demographic data include censuses, vital statistics like birth and death records, and surveys. Population change is influenced by fertility, mortality, and migration. Population pyramids display the age and sex structure of a population.

1. Population and demography

2. DEFINITION ALAND NATURE OF POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHYTHE STUDY OF POP ULATION IS OF MAJOR CONCERN TO SOCIOLOGIST AND SOCIAL SCIENTISTS.

3. POPULATION IS THE NUMBER OF PERSONS OCCUPYING A CERTAIN GEOGRAPHIC AREA, DRAWING SUBSTANCE FROM THEIR HABITAT, AND INTERACTING WITH ONE ANOTHER.

4. DEMGRAPHERS COMMONLY DEFINE POPULATION AS A COLLECTIVE GROUP OF INDIVIDUALS OCCUPYING A PARTICULAR PLACE AT A GIVEN TIME.THREE KEY WORDS ARE INVOLVED IN THE DEFINITION OF POPULATION:GROUP

5. PLACE

6. TIMEPOPULATION GROWTHPOPULATION GROWTH IS A MAJOR FACTOR IN ENERGY CONSUMPTION, HOUSING SHORTAGES,INFLATION, FOOD SECURITY, UNEMPLOYMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRATION.

7. POPULATION GROWTH HAS BEEN AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE AN INTEGRAL PART OF OUR LIVES.IT ACOUNT FOR THE EMERGENCE AND INTENSIFICATION OF MANY LOCAL, NATURAL AND GLOBAL PROBLEMS LIKE POVERTY AND INEQUALITY, ENERGY CRISIS, MALNUTRITION,AND SCARCITY OR FOOD SUPPLY, HOUSING PROBLEMS, CRIMINALTY, ECONOMIC CRISIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRATION;THE WORLD’S ALREADY DEPLETED RESOURCES RE CURRENTLY THREATENED BY AN UNCHECKED POPULATION GROWTH.DEMOGRAPHYIN THE BOOKS OF COLLINS DICTIONARY OF SCIOLOGY ,DAVID AND JULIA GARY DEFINE DEMOGRAPHY(FROM THE GREEK “DEMOS”, PEOPLE) AS THE STATISTICAL STUDY OF HUMAN POPULATION WITH REGARD TO THEIR SIZE AND STRUCTURE,THEIR COMPOSITION BY SEX,AGE,MARITAL,STATUS AND ETHNIC ORIGIN, AND THE CHANGES TO THESE POPULATION LIKE CHANGES IN THEIR BIRTH RATES,DEATH RATES AND IMMIGRATION.

8. DEMOGRAPHY IS THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND DESCRITION OF POPULATION AGGREGATES WITH REFERENCE TO THE DISTRIBUTION, VITAL STATISTICS, AGE, SEX AND RELATED FACTORS

9. THE SCIENCE OF DEMOGRAPHY LOOKS ALSO INTO FACTORS THAT MAY CAUSE POPULATION TO INCREASE OR DECREASE IN ANY GIVEN AREA.IT IS CONCERNED WITH NUMBERS AND QUANTITIES AND THE RELATION BETWEEN THEM.DEMOGRAPHERS USE THE STATISTICAL METHOD IN THEIR ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA.

10. DEMOGRAPHERS IS THE STATTITICAL ANALYSIS AND DESCRITION OF POPULATION AGREGATES WITH REFERENCE TO THE DISTRIBUTION , VITAL STATISTICS,AGE,SEX AND RELATED FACTORS. IMPORTANCE OF DEMOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATACITING THE IMPORTANCE OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA, THE PROGRAMME OF ACTION OF THE UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT,CAIRO 1994,STATES”THE EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES OF ALL HUMAN BEINGS AFFECT COMMUNITY PATTERNS AND LEVELS OF USE OF NATURAL RESOURSES, THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT, AND THE PACE AND QUALITY OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ”.

11. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA PROVIDE A BASIS FOR PREDICTING FUTURE TRENDS AND MAKING INFORMED DECISIONS,AS PANOPIO STATES, DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ARE IMPORTANT FOR THE FORMULATION , IMPLEMENTATION, AND EVALUATION OF PLANS, POLIICIES, AND PROGRAMS FOR EDUCATION ,HOUSING,HEALTH, EMPLOYMENT, TRANSPROTATION ,RECREATIONAL NEEDS AND OTHER FORMS OF SOCIAL SERVICES.

12. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA CAN GUIDE POLICY MAKERS IN MEETING THE NEEDS AND OF VARIOUS SECTORS OF THE SOCIETY,SUCH AS THE YOUNG, THE ADULT AND AGED, THE UNEMPLOYED, THE POOR, AND THE VARIOUS CULTURAL GROUPS.SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATATHERE ARE VARIED SOURCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA ARE:POPULATION CENSUS LIKE POPULATION COUNT