The document discusses synapses, which are the junctions between neurons that allow for communication. It defines a synapse as consisting of a presynaptic ending containing neurotransmitters, a postsynaptic ending containing receptor sites, and a synaptic cleft between them. The main function of synapses is to transmit electrical impulses from one neuron to another. There are three types of synapses: between two neurons, between a motor neuron and muscle, and between a neuron and gland. Synaptic transmission can occur electrically or chemically, with chemical transmission being the most common method where a neurotransmitter is released by the presynaptic neuron and binds to receptors on the postsynaptic cell.

1. PHYSIOLOGY PRESENTATION
TO LAKSHMI RAMESH MAM…

2. SYNAPSE
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3.  The junction between two neurons is
called synapse.
 It is specialized junction where
transmission of information takes
place between a nerve fibre and
another nerve, muscle or gland cell.
DEFINITION
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4. • The synapse consists of:
• A presynaptic ending that contains neurotransmitters,
mitochondria and other cell organelles.
• A postsynaptic ending that contains receptor sites for
neurotransmitters.
• A synaptic cleft or space between the presynaptic and
postsynaptic endings. It is about 20nm wide.
STRUCTURE

5. Y

6. • The main function of synapse is to
transmit the impulses i.e action
potential from one neuron to another.
• A no of impulses to be combined at a
synapse allowing stimuli from
different receptors to interact for a
single response
FUNCTION
Y

7. 1. Synapse with another neuron-it is junction between two
nerve cells. They are of 3 types: axodentritic,
axosomatic, axoaxonic.
2. Neuromuscular- it is the synapse of a motor neuron and
a muscle.
3. Neuroglandular- it is the synapse of a neuron and a
endo/exocrine gland.
TYPES

10. • IT IS A PROCESS WHICH NERVE CELLS COMMUNICATE AMONG
THEMSELVES OR WITH MUSCLES AND GLANDS.
• THE SYNAPSE IS THE ANATOMIC SITE WHERE THIS CPOMMUNICATION
OCCURS.
• IT IS OF 2 TYPES:
ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION
CHEMICAL TRANSMISSION
SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION

11.  ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION
IN THESE SYNAPSES THE MEMBRANES OF TWO CELLS
ACTUALLY TOUCH , THEY SHARE PROTEIN. THIS ALLOW
ACTION POTENTIAL TO PASS DIRECTLY FROM ONE MEMBRANE
TO NEXT. THEY ARE VERY FAST BUT ARE QUITE RARE, FOUND
ONLY IN HEART AND EYE.
 CHEMICAL TRANSMISSION
 In a chemical synapse, the electrical activity in the
presynaptic neuron is converted into release of a chemical
called neurotransmitters that binds to receptors located in the
plasma membrane of a postsynaptic cell.