The document discusses the evolution of electronics from the invention of transistors to modern developments in polytronics, which utilizes conjugated polymers for electronic products. It highlights the disadvantages of silicon, including high production costs and limited flexibility, and contrasts these with the benefits of polytronics, such as cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and portability. Key applications mentioned include ink-jet printing technology, electronic paper, plastic batteries, and OLED technology.

2. BACKGROUND OF ELECTRONICS….
 With the invention of transistors in early half of
19th century, the field of electronics has
undergone innumerable changes
 Entire concept of electronics is
based on semi-conductors
 Silicon is such most widely used
material in manufacture of
electronic circuits

3. DISADVANTAGES BY USAGE OF SILICON….
 Production of silicon embedded circuits involves
a huge investment
 These circuits also consume more power
 Silicon chips are not flexible
 Products made by use of silicon
are not portable
 This has led to the emergence
of “Polytronics”

4. WHAT IS POLYTRONICS ….??
 Polymer electronics is shortly defined as
“Polytronics”
 ‘Poly’ means ‘many’ and ‘mer’ means ‘parts’
 Polymer is a macro molecule composed of many
repeated sub-units
 In this field conjugated polymers are widely used
in the manufacture of electronic products

5. HOW DOES A POLYMER CONDUCTS ..?
 By obeying Ohm’s law
 Ohm’s law defines conductivity in polymers as flow
of electrons or ions
 The steps involved in conduction are
a) Doping
b) Mobility of electrons
c) Conductivity

6. ADVANTAGES…..
 Freedom in design
 Cost effective
 Environment friendly
 Compact portable products
 Consumes less power
 Increased picture quality in display devices
 Recycled and reused
 Light in weight and small

7. APPLICATIONS….
 Ink-Jet printing technology
 Electronic paper
 Plastic batteries
 Oled(organic led)

8. INK-JET PRINTING TECHNOLOGY

9. ELECTRONIC PAPER

10. PLASTIC BATTERIES

11. OLED(ORGANIC LED)