Polycystic ovarian disease is a common problem in gynecology clinics affecting about 1 in 7 women. The main concerns are irregular periods, obesity, and infertility. Most patients seek homeopathic treatment after unsuccessful hormonal or surgical interventions. Homeopathy treats the root cause of the imbalance in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis rather than just suppressing symptoms. A case example is provided of a 26-year-old woman with PCOS who was treated constitutionally with Sepia based on her emotional symptoms and received full relief over several months of treatment.
Pcos by dr alka mukherjee dr apurva mukherjee nagpur m.s.alka mukherjee
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder that implies various severe consequences to female health, including alarming rates of infertility. Although its exact etiology remains elusive, it is known to feature several hormonal disturbances, including hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin appears to disrupt all components of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary axis, and ovarian tissue insulin resistance results in impaired metabolic signaling but intact mitogenic and steroidogenic activity, favoring hyperandrogenemia, which appears to be the main culprit of the clinical picture in PCOS. In turn, androgens may lead back to IR by increasing levels of free fatty acids and modifying muscle tissue composition and functionality, perpetuating this IR-hyperinsulinemia-hyperandrogenemia cycle. Nonobese women with PCOS showcase several differential features, with unique biochemical and hormonal profiles. Nevertheless, lean and obese patients have chronic inflammation mediating the long term cardiometabolic complications and comorbidities observed in women with PCOS, including dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Given these severe implications, it is important to thoroughly understand the pathophysiologic interconnections underlying PCOS, in order to provide superior therapeutic strategies and warrant improved quality of life to women with this syndrome.
Pcos by dr alka mukherjee dr apurva mukherjee nagpur m.s.alka mukherjee
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder that implies various severe consequences to female health, including alarming rates of infertility. Although its exact etiology remains elusive, it is known to feature several hormonal disturbances, including hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin appears to disrupt all components of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-ovary axis, and ovarian tissue insulin resistance results in impaired metabolic signaling but intact mitogenic and steroidogenic activity, favoring hyperandrogenemia, which appears to be the main culprit of the clinical picture in PCOS. In turn, androgens may lead back to IR by increasing levels of free fatty acids and modifying muscle tissue composition and functionality, perpetuating this IR-hyperinsulinemia-hyperandrogenemia cycle. Nonobese women with PCOS showcase several differential features, with unique biochemical and hormonal profiles. Nevertheless, lean and obese patients have chronic inflammation mediating the long term cardiometabolic complications and comorbidities observed in women with PCOS, including dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Given these severe implications, it is important to thoroughly understand the pathophysiologic interconnections underlying PCOS, in order to provide superior therapeutic strategies and warrant improved quality of life to women with this syndrome.
PCOS IS THE THIEF OF WOMENHOOD........an enigmatic condition must be understood and managed according to the age it presents.......contact dr jaideep at jaideep malhotraagra@gmail.com for CME AND WORKSHOPS IN YOUR CITY
This presentation briefly discuss the polycystic ovary syndrome in terms of pathogenesis, features and management. Then, It moves on to discuss the various guidelines laid down by Endocrine Society in 2013 for the management of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
PCOS IS THE THIEF OF WOMENHOOD........an enigmatic condition must be understood and managed according to the age it presents.......contact dr jaideep at jaideep malhotraagra@gmail.com for CME AND WORKSHOPS IN YOUR CITY
This presentation briefly discuss the polycystic ovary syndrome in terms of pathogenesis, features and management. Then, It moves on to discuss the various guidelines laid down by Endocrine Society in 2013 for the management of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
EVALUATING PT WITH DIPLOPIA IS TO ESTABLISH THAT PT IS TRULY SEEING TWO SEPARATE IMAGES.
IF PT IS C/O DIPLOPIA
ASK TWO QUESTION : 1. DO YOU SEE SEPATATE IMAGES?
IF SO , HOW ARE THE THINGS OR IMAGES ORIENTED IN RESPECT TO EACH OTHER
VERTICALLY
DIAGONALLY
HORIZONTALLY
Barren Womb or Woman: Homeopathic Approach in Female InfertilityGyandas Wadhwani
Modern medicine with its reductionist approach always views the presentation of infertility as a disease for the specialists viz. in this case gynaecologists (or sometimes endocrinologists) or those expert physicians who see more and more of less and less!!!
Homoeopathic physicians on the other hand, moving against the current of dominant medicine, identify that the ‘being of a woman’ can’t be restricted to her genitilia alone. So we perceive the entire personality that defines and typifies her being.
Thus, Homoeopathic physicians, moving against the current of dominant medicine, following the wholistic view of life TREAT THE BARREN (INFERTILE) WOMAN, NOT the barren womb!
Besides two case studies with prescribing methodology, also find a compilation of clinical tips from James Tyler Kent on female infertility.
Tropical ataxic neuropathy is endemic to certain parts of the world and is causally related to the regular long term intake of cassava. The Cyanogen, Linimarin and its subsequent metabolism leading to the release of cynanide and thiocyanate and the development of deficiency of sulphur containing amino acids lead to the neurotoxicity which presents as predominant sensory neuropathy with ataxia. We report a young patient from Tanzania with the disease and highlight the importance of dietary history in patients with unexplained neurological illness.
Neonatal tetanus by Dr Afuye Olubunmi OlusolaAlade Olubunmi
Neonatal tetanus is an infectious disease caused by contamination of wounds from the bacteria Clostridium tetani, or the spores they produce that live in the soil, and animal faeces.
Epilepsy happens as a result of abnormal electrical brain activity, also known as a seizure, kind of like an electrical storm inside your head. And because your brain controls so much, a lot of different things can go wrong. You may have periods of unusual behaviors, feelings and sometimes loss of awareness.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
3. Clinically PCOD has became such a common problem
now a days that every 7th or 8th girl appearing in gynac
clinics is having PCOD.
The major concern of the sufferer are irregular/
delayed menses, obesity and infertility.
Most of the pts come to homoeopath after taking long
continued hormonal treatment with temporary/ partial
relief , sometimes they come after surgical removal of
cysts( electro coagulation / laparoscopic laser
punctured of cyst)without much relief in previous
complaints.
Hormonal and surgical management makes the pts
internal equilibrium worst because it works like
suppressive treatment and disease become
complicated and complexed.
This happens because of lack of awareness in general
population regarding scope of hpathy in such cases..
4. Introduction
PCOD was originally described in 1935 by stein
& leventhal as a syndrome manifested by
secondary amenorrhea, hursuitism and obesity
associated with enlarged polycystic ovaries
This complex disorder is characterized by
excessive androgen production by ovaries which
interferes with the growth of ovarian
follicles, therefore PCOD is a state of androgen
excess and chronic anovulation.
11. Polycystic Ovaries Syndrome
Dr. Nelson Soucasaux , Brazilian While some authors believe that the
gynecologist original or "primary" disorder responsible
for the "polycystic ovaries syndrome" lies at
In different intensities, degrees and
the ovarian level, others believe that it lies
clinical manifestations, the so- at the hypothalamic-pituitary level. The fact
called "polycystic ovaries is that, as we have already said, both the
syndrome" constitutes a functional ovaries and the hypothalamic-pituitary
and hormonal disorder frequently function are deeply altered, creating a
found in gynecologic practice. vicious circle. Besides the functional
Though fundamentally caused by disturbance, the ovaries also exhibit
several alterations in the considerable histologic and morphologic
functioning of the intricate alterations, mostly characterized by the
hyperthecosis (hyperplasia of the ovarian
mechanisms of the hypothalamus-
stroma) and the bilateral enlargement of
pituitary-ovaries axis and these organs. As it was also observed, an
sometimes including disorders in excessive production of androgens by the
other areas of the endocrine adrenal glands (hyperandrogenic adrenal
system, gynecology is still insisting hyperplasia) may also be responsible for
on trying to find out which should several cases of "polycystic ovaries
be the "ultimate cause" for this syndrome," and sometimes both conditions
complicated disorder. may be associated.
12.
13. Psycho-neuro-endocrine-ovarian
pathway….effects and results..
Emotions initiate, precipitate and aggravates most of the
illnesses and the root cause of most of the illnesses is related
to exploitation of emotions… in today's modern life social and
psycho-social pressures like grief ,worries, anxiety,jealosy and
stress causes emotional turbulence. Suppression of emotions
affects the limbic system of brain leading to disterbences in
psycho-neuro-hormonal axis and ultimatly lresult in imbalance
in pitutory and ovarian hormone like FSH and LH, estrogen
and progesterone resulting in formation of cyst in ovaries.
14. CENTER OF EMOTION IN THE BRAIN CAN BE FOUND IN LIMBIC
SYSTEM, HERE MOST OF THE EMOTIONS ARE REGULATED THROUGH
RELEASE OF EXCITORY AND INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTERS,
THEASE NEUROTRABMITTERS INFLUENCE THE HYPOTHALAMUS
WHICH TRANSMITS THE MESSEGES THAT TRIGGER PHYSICAL
RESPONSE.
HRT OR SURGICAL TREATMENT USUALLY MAKE THE HORMONE
PRODUCING GLANDS MORE SLUGGISH AS BODY STARTS
DEPENDING ON EXTERNALLY INTRODUCED HORMONE WHICH
CAUSES UNWANTED SIDE EFFECTS.
HOMEOPATHY ON THE CONTRARY ACTS ON HYPOTHALAMUS AND
PITUTORY GLANDS THROUGH PSYCHO-NEURO-HORMONAL AXIS TO
PRODUCE THE REQUIRED AMOUNT OF HORMONES THUS BRINGING
THE EQUILIBRIUM FROM THE ORIGION.
SIGMUND FREUD --- PSYCHOLOGICAL CAUSES OF ILLNESS ARE THE
KEY IN UNDERSTANDING AND TREATING THE PHYSICAL ILLNESS.
17. Dr J.H. Allen in his book on chronic
diseases has describes the evolution of
all miasm from psora i.e. mental itch.
Mental Physical
plane plane
psora sycosis syphilis
functional Proliferatio Destruction
n of tissue of tissue
18. psora PCOD
sycosis
tubercular syphilis
Psora initially
brings about
functional Sycotic
changes in miasm brings
the form of
neuro
about
pathological
Tubercula Mal
r miasm
hormonal
pathway
changes in
OVARIES
adds ign
leading to leading to bleeding
hormonal
changes.
formation of to the anc
CYSTS. CYST.
y
19. CLINICAL CASES
TREATED WITH
HOMOEOPATHIC
CONSTITUTIONAL
REMEDY BASED ON THE
.
INDIVIDUALITY.
20. DATE -
CASE -1 14/12/11
Young female of 26
yrs, single.
Assistant professor
in college.
Average looking
, Accompanied with
her mother.
Very tearful and
anxious.
21. LOCATION SENSATION MODALITY CONCOMITANT
FEMALE IRREGULAR A/F ? NO SPECIFIC HEIGHLY
REPRODUCTIVE MENSES, MODALITY. TEARFULL
SYSTEM MENSES APPERS IN
Duration- 1yr 2-3 GREAT ANXIETY
MONTHS,SCANTY OF HER
BLEEDING. IRREGULAR
MENSES.
LMP-16/10/11 for
3-4 days, scanty PIMPLE ON
bleeding. FACE.
LEUCORROEA,
LEUCORROEA IN
PLACE OF
MENSES˂ DURING
PASSING STOOL.
22. (On the basis of clinical
DIAGNOSIS symptom and USG report)
POLY
CYSTIC
OVARION
DISEASE.
23.
24. 1. APPETIT- GOOD,,VEGETARION
GENERALS OF THE PT.- 2. THIRST – SCANTY
3. HUNGER- TOLERATED
4. STOOL/URIN- NORMAL
5. PERSPIRATION- AXILLA, OFFENSIVE.
6. THERMALLY- CHILY
7. SLEEP- SOUND
8. HABBIT- NIL.
EMOTIONAL NATURE- 1. TEARFUL, WEEPING WHIL TELLING HER
COMPLAINTS.
2. IRRITABLE, SPECIALLY WITH FAMILY
MEMBERS/MO.
3. GREAT ANXIETY ABOUT FUTURE ASPECTS OF
HER SUFFERING.
4. NEGATIVE THIKING.
5. RESERVED.
6. STOP TALKING WHEN ANGRY.
25. Past history Family history
FA.- ? Tumor, got
Small pox. operated. Mo. – gall
Dengue. bladder stone, HTN
M. GM- brain tumor.
P. GM-HTN, diabetes.
26. MIASMETIC ASSESMENT
OF THE CASE
FUNDAMENTAL PREDOMINENT
SYCO + TUB. SYCOTIC.
27. Totality of the case
Weeping while telling of the complaint
Anxiety about her disease
Irritable specially with family members
Reserved
Menses – irregular.
Menses – delayed .
Perspiration - offensive , axilla.
Thirst- scanty
Thermally –chilly.
Cyst in ovaries.
30. Date Response Rx
4/1/10 Menses appeared on 2/1/11 for 8 days. Sepia
leucorrhoea++ weeping++, irritability++, Wkly.
6/2/11 LMP on 30/1/11 for 6 days, no concomitants. Sepia
leucorroea throughout the month-- sq Wkly.
6/3/11 LMP-11/3/11 for 3days, scanty flow. Tub. 1
Leucorroea – sq. rt leg pain++.weeping ++ Sepia
3/4/11 LMP-13/4/11 for 5 days. Leucorroea-> ++, THUJA
weeping>++, irritability – sq. Sepia
/6/11 LMP-27/5/11, but leucorroea++-sq, thin,thick, Pulset
31. Date Response RX
12/7/11 LMP 4/7/11 for 7 days, leucorrhoea >++ sepia 200
Irritability++, weeping++. wkly.
ADVISED FOR
USG.
27/8/11 HER USG REPORT SHOWED RUBRUM 200
WKLY.
NO EVIDENCE OF CYSTS IN
OVARIES. PT INFORMED ME
THAT HER MARRIAGE GOT
FIXED AND SHE IS MOVING
FROM JABALPUR…
32.
33.
34.
35. Conclusion
As per homeopathic philosophy
it is the person as a whole who
is sick even if his/her
particular organ appears to be
sick by the disease. The person
therefore has to be treated
holistically or as per modern
point of view as psycho-
somatically. Such approach not
only removes the effect of
disease/ pathology but also
annihilates the cause of
disease.