Politics and media
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The document discusses the ideal role of media in democratic societies. It describes five key characteristics: 1) Informing citizens of current events, 2) Educating citizens on the meaning and significance of facts in a detached, objective manner, 3) Providing a platform for public political discourse and feedback, 4) Scrutinizing governmental and political institutions as a watchdog, and 5) Advocating for political viewpoints. It then critiques some limitations of modern media, including its failure to properly educate, lack of real choice, manipulation of consent, and limitations of claimed objectivity.
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Politics vs media
The document discusses the role of media and politics in influencing perceptions. It states that media was originally meant to inform the public but is now used to control perceptions and endorse political agendas through selective reporting and coverage. Politicians also use popular culture disseminated by media, such as American TV shows and films, to spread ideologies promoting nationalism and concepts like "the American Dream" globally. As a result, media shapes politics and fuels political agendas while politicians argue some media voices need silencing, showing the interconnected relationship between the two entities in controlling human perception.
Pengantar Komunikasi Politik
1) Political communication involves the exchange of symbols and messages between political actors, institutions, the public, and news media that have consequences for the political system.
2) It concerns transactions that occur among citizens, between citizens and their governments, and among officials within governments.
3) Early studies of political communication began with Plato and Aristotle and continued through the 20th century with focus on propaganda, media effects, agenda-setting, and diffusion of news events.
Teori teori komunikasi politik
This document provides an overview of several theories of political communication, including:
- Agenda-setting theory, which holds that the news media influence the issues the public thinks are important.
- Cultivation theory, which examines the relationship between television viewing and audience beliefs.
- Diffusion of innovations theory, which views the spread of new ideas as a communication process.
- The two-step flow model of communication, which proposes that media messages reach opinion leaders first who then influence others.
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This document provides an introduction to media psychology and discusses the relationship between media and politics. It covers several key topics:
1) It defines politics and media, and traces the origins of freedom of the press in the US.
2) It explains theories by Patterson, Sabato, and Zaller about how media coverage of elections has changed over time and the consequences of these changes.
3) It discusses how media and campaigns interact, with a focus on conventions, debates, and negative political advertising.
Media and politics
The document discusses the role of media in politics. It explains that the media plays a crucial role in democracy by serving as the primary source of political information for most voters. The media reports the news, acts as an intermediary between the government and citizens, helps determine the most important issues, and keeps people engaged in the political process. However, the media also influences politics through agenda-setting and some criticism that bias can shape which stories are covered. The document also examines how the government regulates different forms of media like print, broadcast, and cable television.
Comparing Media Systems and Political Communications
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This document discusses the relationship between media and foreign policy. It defines key terms like foreign policy, mass media, and discusses theories like agenda-setting and framing that explain how media can influence foreign policy. It analyzes three types of relationships between media and foreign policy: manipulative/advocative, adversarial, and indifferent. Manipulative media can promote government agendas while adversarial media may challenge policies. The document also provides examples of how US and Pakistani media have related to foreign policy issues in their countries.
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Politics vs media
The document discusses the role of media and politics in influencing perceptions. It states that media was originally meant to inform the public but is now used to control perceptions and endorse political agendas through selective reporting and coverage. Politicians also use popular culture disseminated by media, such as American TV shows and films, to spread ideologies promoting nationalism and concepts like "the American Dream" globally. As a result, media shapes politics and fuels political agendas while politicians argue some media voices need silencing, showing the interconnected relationship between the two entities in controlling human perception.
Pengantar Komunikasi Politik
1) Political communication involves the exchange of symbols and messages between political actors, institutions, the public, and news media that have consequences for the political system.
2) It concerns transactions that occur among citizens, between citizens and their governments, and among officials within governments.
3) Early studies of political communication began with Plato and Aristotle and continued through the 20th century with focus on propaganda, media effects, agenda-setting, and diffusion of news events.
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This document provides an overview of several theories of political communication, including:
- Agenda-setting theory, which holds that the news media influence the issues the public thinks are important.
- Cultivation theory, which examines the relationship between television viewing and audience beliefs.
- Diffusion of innovations theory, which views the spread of new ideas as a communication process.
- The two-step flow model of communication, which proposes that media messages reach opinion leaders first who then influence others.
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This document provides an introduction to media psychology and discusses the relationship between media and politics. It covers several key topics:
1) It defines politics and media, and traces the origins of freedom of the press in the US.
2) It explains theories by Patterson, Sabato, and Zaller about how media coverage of elections has changed over time and the consequences of these changes.
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The document discusses the role of media in politics. It explains that the media plays a crucial role in democracy by serving as the primary source of political information for most voters. The media reports the news, acts as an intermediary between the government and citizens, helps determine the most important issues, and keeps people engaged in the political process. However, the media also influences politics through agenda-setting and some criticism that bias can shape which stories are covered. The document also examines how the government regulates different forms of media like print, broadcast, and cable television.
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This document outlines the key concepts and theories for comparative media studies, including Hallin and Mancini's three models of media systems (Liberal, Democratic Corporatist, and Polarized Pluralist), Siebert, Peterson and Schramm's four theories of the press, and the importance and challenges of comparative political communication research. It also provides the required readings and discusses dimensions for analyzing and comparing media systems across countries.
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This document discusses the relationship between media and foreign policy. It defines key terms like foreign policy, mass media, and discusses theories like agenda-setting and framing that explain how media can influence foreign policy. It analyzes three types of relationships between media and foreign policy: manipulative/advocative, adversarial, and indifferent. Manipulative media can promote government agendas while adversarial media may challenge policies. The document also provides examples of how US and Pakistani media have related to foreign policy issues in their countries.
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The political role of journalists in different media systems
The political role of journalists in different media systemsCentre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom
This document discusses the political role of journalists in different media systems. It argues against the view that there is a universal model of journalism, and that the dominant liberal model is facing a crisis. Instead, it suggests that the relationship between politics and news media varies significantly across countries and regions due to factors like media market structure, the role of the state, and the strength of political parties and other groups. The document examines journalism in new democracies, Asia, the Arab world, and post-communist countries, finding models of intense partisanship, state interference, and close ties between politicians, business, and media.Lecture # 02 (media & society)
The document discusses the role of media in society. It defines media as various means of communication like newspapers, radio, television, and the internet. It then outlines both the positive and negative impacts of media. The media can educate people about human rights and social issues, but it can also spread misinformation and have a bad influence on children. While media connects people globally and provides information and entertainment, excessive addiction to television and online content can be harmful. Overall, the document examines the role of mass media in society and some of its advantages and disadvantages.
Role of Media in Democracy- Aishwarya Pandey
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The document discusses the democratic role of media and the need to rethink traditional conceptions. It argues that the current media system has become weakened and does not reflect contemporary reality. The role of media was traditionally seen as a public watchdog over government, but new thinking is needed. Specifically, the system needs to be redesigned to better represent the public and facilitate rational debate, rather than just producing mass opinion. Alternatives to the existing market-based model need to be proposed and critically addressed.Liberal pluralism def
Liberal pluralism media theory argues that:
1) The media acts as the "fourth estate" in society, alongside the government, legal system, and church, by keeping the public informed about these institutions and holding the powerful accountable.
2) Unlike Marxist views that see the media as a tool for class domination, pluralists believe the media responds to audience demands in democratic societies with a range of political views.
3) Pluralists see the media as generally playing a positive role by facilitating an informed electorate and democratic debate, while still being subject to reasonable criticism.
Liberal pluralism def
Liberal pluralism media theory argues that:
1) The media acts as a "fourth estate" in society by keeping the public informed about the activities of government, the legal system, and the church.
2) The media fulfills an important democratic role by monitoring powerful institutions and scrutinizing politicians, allowing even the powerful to be held accountable.
3) A free market of ideas drives media organizations to be responsive to audience demands and fill gaps in the market with new products.
Liberal+pluralism def
Liberal pluralism media theory argues that:
1) The media acts as the "fourth estate" in society, alongside the government, legal system, and church, by keeping the public informed on political issues and holding powerful institutions accountable.
2) Unlike Marxist views that see the media as a tool for class domination, pluralists believe the media responds to audience demands in a free market and serves an important democratic role in society.
3) The government has some power to address market failures and ensure a diversity of viewpoints, such as through public media like the BBC, but pluralists largely believe the media should be free to express itself.
Media Ethics And The Public Sphere 2009 10
The document discusses different conceptions of journalism and the public sphere. It examines how journalism represents the public through figures like public inquisitors on news programs. It also analyzes different forms of public engagement in media, including question times, talk shows, and real-time news. The document questions whether popular shows qualify as journalism and their implications on subjectivity.
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This document provides an overview of topics related to media in the online age, including: the historical development of online media and how the internet has transformed media production and audiences; debates around the future of media; and concepts from cultural theorists like Marx, Gramsci, and Chomsky regarding media control and cultural hegemony. It discusses the media's role as the "Fourth Estate" and Chomsky's view that people are meant to remain isolated spectators rather than organized participants in politics.
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The document discusses several theories of the media and its relationship to government:
1) The Philippine Constitution protects freedom of speech, expression, and the press.
2) Four theories were proposed: Authoritarian (media controlled by elites), Soviet/Communist (serves working class interests), Libertarian (people can judge ideas freely), and Social Responsibility (allows free press but with external controls and self-regulation).
3) The main functions of media are to monitor events, provide information and education, facilitate public discourse and opinion formation, act as a watchdog on government, and advocate for political viewpoints.
Social Media and Politics
The document discusses how social media and the internet have changed the political landscape and democratic processes. It outlines how politicians now embrace platforms like Facebook and YouTube to engage citizens, how citizens can use social media to discuss issues, communicate with politicians, and organize activism. Examples are given of Barack Obama's successful 2008 social media campaign and how social media was used in the UK 2010 election debates and Arab Spring uprisings to facilitate activism and drive political change.
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The document discusses Jurgen Habermas's concept of the public sphere. It provides context on Habermas's background and influences, then outlines the historical development of the public sphere from ancient Greece to today. Key aspects summarized include Habermas viewing the public sphere as a space for open discussion that can influence politics, and his analysis of how the commodification of media has weakened the public sphere over time by making information less accessible. The document also discusses different actors within the public sphere like citizens, civil society and media organizations.
Media and democracy
Media plays an important role in democracy by serving as the "fourth pillar" and acting as a watchdog over the government. It informs citizens about political decisions and events, helps generate public opinion, and reminds politicians of their promises by providing extensive election coverage. A free and unbiased media is essential for a healthy democracy, as it allows for open discussion and accountability. It educates people, especially illiterates, and exposes issues in the democratic system to help make governments more responsive. Overall, the document argues that democracy cannot function properly without an active media to facilitate information sharing between governments and their citizens.
Liberal pluralism
Liberal pluralism is the dominant political perspective linked to capitalism. It values individual choice, freedom, and democracy. Societies that embrace liberal pluralism allow a range of political views, opinions, and parties for citizens to choose from in free elections. The UK and most of Western Europe describe themselves as liberal pluralist.
Mass communication outlines with answers
The document discusses several theories of mass communication:
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- Mass Communication Theory covers communication models and the diverse forms of mass media today, proving theories' importance for understanding society and culture.
- Cultivation Theory examines television's long-term effects, finding it can lead viewers to misperceive social reality.
- Agenda-setting theory suggests media influences what issues the public considers important through what is covered.
Introduction to media studies
The document discusses freedom of the press and whether it can oppress and deceive the masses. It examines different theories of the press and media systems. While a free press is important for democracy, it can also present biased or sensationalized information. The document argues that an uncritical press could promote stability but may unduly influence those without strong media literacy skills. Ultimately, the press provides checks on government but must be responsible and aware of its influence to sustain an informed public.
Media_literacy_and_democracy
Press freedom is important to ensure transparency in democratic societies and allow the media to publish matters of public interest. However, for press freedom to be meaningful, people must understand their right to information and hold the media accountable. Media literacy educates the public on the media's role in reporting truthfully and reflecting society, while empowering people to demand coverage of important issues and bring ignored stories to light. Promoting media literacy and citizens' right to information helps create a well-informed public and strengthens democracy.
PubSphereweb.pdf
the notion of the public sphere is at the center of participatory approaches to democracy. the public sphere is the arena where citizens come together, exchange opinions regarding public affairs, discuss, deliberate, and eventually form public opinion. This arena can be a specific place where citizens gather (for example,
a town hall meeting), but it can also be a communication infrastructure through which citizens send and receive information and opinions. the public sphere is a central aspect of good governance. Without a func- tioning and democratic public sphere, government officials cannot be held accountable for their actions, and citizens will not be able to assert any influence over political decisions.
Media and political knowledge
This chapter examines what Americans know about politics and the impact of media on political knowledge. It is divided into two sections. The first discusses Americans' modest levels of political knowledge and potential reasons for knowledge deficits, including lack of incentive, how news is presented, increased media choices, misleading information, and disconnect from politics. The second section looks at media's role from different perspectives, including mass communication, psychology, sociology, and how individuals construct meaning. It also discusses how the internet is increasingly replacing television as a news source for young people and implications for democracy.
Who's The One To Blame
This document discusses the debate around investigative journalism, public relations, and their impact on the public sphere. It outlines how investigative journalism is important for democracy but faces pressure due to economic challenges in the media industry. While PR is often blamed, the document argues the problems stem more from commercial pressures that prioritize profits over investigative reporting and the lack of a solid online business model to fund it. Overall, the media industry's structure and lack of solutions, not PR or the internet itself, are responsible for challenges to investigative journalism.
THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY.pptx
*Based on the Via Afrika textbook for Life Orientation Grade 12*
"The Role of Media in a Democratic Society" is a thought-provoking slideshare presentation that explores the crucial role played by media in a democratic society. In this presentation, we delve into the fundamental principles of democracy and highlight how media serves as a powerful tool in upholding and strengthening these principles.
I discuss the various roles of media in a democratic society, including information dissemination, acting as a watchdog, facilitating public debate, protecting civil liberties, educating the public, and bridging the gap between government and citizens. Through engaging slides, we examine how media empowers citizens by providing them with access to accurate and diverse information, holding those in power accountable, and fostering an informed and active citizenry.
Normative Theories of mass media
This document summarizes several normative theories of mass media:
- Authoritarian theory proposes that media remain under strict state control and act as a propaganda tool.
- Libertarian theory advocates for a free press with no government censorship or control over media ownership or content.
- Social responsibility theory holds that media have obligations to inform the public and maintain professional standards while exercising free press rights.
- Soviet communist theory positions media as state-owned tools to educate and motivate the working classes.
- Development media theory sees media's role as disseminating information to promote national development, even if some freedom must be restricted.
- Democratic participant theory advocates for more public participation and representation in media decision-making and ownership
Introduction to Theory
Web 2.0 has changed media production, distribution, and consumption by allowing more democratic "We Media." Cultural theorists like Gramsci, Chomsky, and Marx viewed the media as tools for maintaining the dominance of ruling classes. Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony described how the dominant class projects its worldview as common sense. Chomsky believed media control aimed to keep people isolated and passive. The contemporary media may be both more and less democratic - more people can participate via new technologies, but governments and corporations still influence media.
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Presentation by Justin Ordoyo
University of the Philippines College of Law
Presentation (1).pptx Human rights of LGBTQ people in India, constitutional a...
Human rights of LGBTQ people in India, constitutional and judicial approach
一比一原版(Lincoln毕业证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证如何办理
Lincoln硕士毕业证成绩单【微信95270640】办理新西兰林肯大学毕业证原版一模一样、Lincoln毕业证制作【Q微信95270640】《新西兰林肯大学毕业证购买流程》《Lincoln成绩单制作》新西兰林肯大学毕业证书Lincoln毕业证文凭新西兰林肯大学
本科毕业证书,学历学位认证如何办理【留学国外学位学历认证、毕业证、成绩单、大学Offer、雅思托福代考、语言证书、学生卡、高仿教育部认证等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务】代办国外（海外）英国、加拿大、美国、新西兰、澳大利亚、新西兰等国外各大学毕业证、文凭学历证书、成绩单、学历学位认证真实可查。
[留学文凭学历认证(留信认证使馆认证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证成绩单毕业证证书大学Offer请假条成绩单语言证书国际回国人员证明高仿教育部认证申请学校等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务。
多年留学服务公司,拥有海外样板无数能完美1:1还原海外各国大学degreeDiplomaTranscripts等毕业材料。海外大学毕业材料都有哪些工艺呢？工艺难度主要由：烫金.钢印.底纹.水印.防伪光标.热敏防伪等等组成。而且我们每天都在更新海外文凭的样板以求所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理方法：
1客户提供办理新西兰林肯大学新西兰林肯大学毕业证学位证信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
— — — — 我们是挂科和未毕业同学们的福音我们是实体公司精益求精的工艺！ — — — -
一真实留信认证的作用(私企外企荣誉的见证):
1：该专业认证可证明留学生真实留学身份同时对留学生所学专业等级给予评定。
2：国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书这个入网证书并且可以归档到地方。
3：凡是获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内将在公安部网内查询个人身份证信息后同步读取人才网入库信息。
4：个人职称评审加20分个人信誉贷款加10分。
5：在国家人才网主办的全国网络招聘大会中纳入资料供国家500强等高端企业选择人才。问山娃想买什么想吃什么山娃知道父亲赚钱很辛苦除了书籍和文具山娃啥也不要能牵着父亲的手满城闲逛他已心满意足了父亲连挑了三套童装叫山娃试穿山娃有点不想父亲说城里不比乡下要穿得漂漂亮亮爸怎么不穿得漂亮望着父亲山娃反问道父亲听了并不回答只是吃吃地笑山娃很精神越逛越起劲父亲却越逛越疲倦望着父亲呵欠连天的样子山娃也说困了累了回家吧小屋闷罐一般头顶上的三叶扇彻夜呜呜作响搅得满屋热气腾腾也搅得山娃心烦意乱父亲一的
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Politics and media
- 1. Politics and Media Political Communication Teaching Team
- 2. Media as the Fourth Estate of Democracy
- 3. Characteristics of a democratic regime • constitutionality, • participation • rational choice.
- 4. The Ideal Media in Democratic Societies • First, they must inform citizens of what is happening around them (what we may call the ‘surveillance’ or ‘monitoring’ functions of the media). • Second, they must educate as to the meaning and significance of the ‘facts’ (the importance of this function explains the seriousness with which journalists protect their objectivity, since their value as educators presumes a professional detachment from the issues being analysed). • Third, the media must provide a platform for public political discourse, facilitating the formation of ‘public opinion’, and feeding that opinion back to the public from whence it came. This must include the provisionof space for the expression of dissent, without which the notion of democratic consensus would be meaningless. • The media’s fourth function is to give publicity to governmental and political institutions – the ‘watchdog’ role of journalism, • Finally, the media in democratic societies serve as a channel for the advocacy of political viewpoint
- 5. (Hallin dan Mancini, 2003, h. 68-69)
- 6. (Hallin dan Mancini, 2003, h. 68-69)
- 7. Relation of Individual Cases to the Three Models (Hallin dan Mancini, 2003, h. 70)
- 8. (McNair, 2011) The Ideal Media in Democratic Societies
- 9. DEMOCRACY AND THE MEDIA: A CRITIQUE • The failure of education • Absence of choice • The manufacture of consent • The limitations of objectivity