Newspapers reach fewer women than men in many countries. Television news is consumed more than newspapers across European Union countries, with ratios of television viewers to newspaper readers ranging from 2:1 to 4:1. Public broadcasting systems provide alternatives to commercial news sources.

3. http://www.sierraexpressmedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/free-
press.gif

7. Gender Differences in Newspaper
Reach, 2000

8. Proportion of Public Watching or
Reading News Every
Day, and the Ratio of Television to
Newspaper Consumption,
European Union Countries, 2001

16. Public Broadcasting
Systems