This document provides brief biographies of major political leaders in Mexico since independence in 1824, including presidents, revolutionaries, and others who shaped Mexican politics and history. It describes their roles and accomplishments, such as fighting for independence from Spain, leading the Mexican Revolution, establishing democratic reforms and institutions, and negotiating international trade agreements. Major figures mentioned include Guadalupe Victoria, Benito Juárez, Porfirio Díaz, Francisco Madero, Venustiano Carranza, Lazaro Cardenas, Emiliano Zapata, Alvaro Obregon, Plutarco Elías Calles, Vicente Fox, Felipe Calderon, and Carlos Salinas de Gortari.
Mexican Revolution in World Historical Context: IB History of the Americaswilliamjtolley
The Mexican Revolution in a world-historical context. Includes long-term causes back to pre-conquest Latin America, current historiography, world-systems analysis and extrapolations to modern Mexico and the Zapatista movement of 1994.
Mexican Revolution in World Historical Context: IB History of the Americaswilliamjtolley
The Mexican Revolution in a world-historical context. Includes long-term causes back to pre-conquest Latin America, current historiography, world-systems analysis and extrapolations to modern Mexico and the Zapatista movement of 1994.
This slide presentation cover the events regarding the Period of Constitutional Authoritarianism in the Philippines : The Marcos Regime & the New Society.
*I do not own any of the photos included in the presentation*
This slide presentation cover the events regarding the Period of Constitutional Authoritarianism in the Philippines : The Marcos Regime & the New Society.
*I do not own any of the photos included in the presentation*
This work aims to demonstrate the process that triggered the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920, demonstrating the performance of its main leaders and the ways in which the rulers of the time conducted this economic and political episode in Mexico.
I hope you like it, have a good read!
Question 5 Module 4 -Part I.pdf
Question 5 Module 4 -Part 2.pdf
Outline
• Mexico
1. Colonial Period
2. Independence
3. Post Independence 19th century
4. Mexican Revolution
5. Post revolutionary Mexico (1930’s-1980’s)
Map of Mexico
Colonial Period
• Mexico was part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
• Mexico was an important territory for Spanish
empire. It was rich in mineral resources.
• Mexico had a huge indigenous population.
Independence
• Mexico’s independence had two phases
1. 1813-First proclamation of independence. It
was crushed by the Spanish army.
2. 1821-Second proclamation of independence. It
succeeded.
Post Independence
• Once Mexicans achieved independence from
Spain, Agustín de Iturbide created an empire
and appointed himself as Emperor.
• de Iturbide invited the other territories of the
former Viceroyalty of New Spain to join the
empire.
• The empire will last from 1822 until 1823 when
de Iturbide was forced to leave power. Mexico
will become a republic.
Post Independence
• With the establishment of the republic,
Mexicans experienced political instability.
• Two political groups clashed:
Conservatives-believed in the promotion of
aristocratic ideas and the protection of the rights
of the military, elites and church.
Liberals-believed in a restricted democracy and in
reducing the power of the military and church.
Post Independence
• First half of 19th century-Some important
Mexican political leaders
1. Guadalupe Victoria: 1st president of the
republic.
2. Antonio López de Santa Anna dominated
politics from 1833 until 1855.
Post Independence
Mexico lost a big portion of its territory due to the
Mexican American war.
• 1835 Texans rebelled and declared
independence from Mexico. Mexican troops (led
by Santa Anna) tried to crush the rebellion and
succeeded in the Alamo but later failed in the
Battle of San Jacinto.
• 1845 Texas was incorporated by the US.
Post Independence
• Mexicans saw annexation of Texas as an act of
war by the USA.
• Dispute between USA and Mexico over border.
• President James Polk sent troops to Mexico and
Mexicans counterattacked.
• Mexican American War started.
• Results of the war: US paid Mexico 15 million
dollars and took the entire territory from Texas
to California. It was half of Mexico’s domain.
Post Independence
Second half of 19th century: Reforms, Monarchy
and Republic
-Various Liberal governments enacted a series of
sweeping reforms.
1. Abolition of military and ecclesiastical “fueros”-
special dispensations exempting military and
clerics from having to stand trial in civil courts.
2. Prohibition to ecclesiastical and civilian
institutions of ownership of property not
directly used in day to day operations.
3. Transfer of power of registry from Church to
Post Independence
• In reaction to Reforms- War of reforms (1858-
61)-Conservatives vs. Liberals
• Liberal leader Be ...
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2. Political Leaders Guadalupe Victoria Born José Miguel Ramón AdauctoFernádez y Félix September 29, 1786 - March 21, 1843 Fought against Spain in the War of Independence First president of Mexico Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Born Antonio de Padua MaríaSeverinoLópez de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón 21 February 1794 - 21 June 1876 Originally fought against the Independence of Spain but then supported it Appointed by Guerrero as governor of the state of Yucatan in 1824 Benito Juárez March 21, 1806 - July 18, 1872 Served five terms as president of Mexico First full-blooded indigenous president without a military background Fought against the French occupation Brought back the Republic Advocated equal rights Lessened the power of the Roman Catholic Church in Mexico His period is known as La Reforma
3. Political Leaders PorfirioDíaz September 15, 1830 - July 2, 1915 President of Mexico from 1876 to 1911, except in 1880-84 Considered a dictator by historians Lost power during the Mexican Revolution Forced from office by Madero and fled to France Francisco I. Madero October 30, 1873 - February 22, 1913 President from 1911 to 1913 Founded the Benito Juárez Democratic Club Led the Anti-Reelection movement Created the Department of Labor and regulated business practices Vincente Guerrero Born Vincente Ramón Guerrero Saldaña August 10, 1782 - February 14, 1831 Fought against Spain in the War of Independence Served as president of Mexico for a short period in 1829 Executed by Vice President Bustamante for bribery Mexicans loyal to Guerrero revolted against Bustamante Victoriano Huerta December 22, 1850 - January 13, 1916 President of Mexico after he had Lascuráin assume Presidency then resign an hour later Began a strict military dictatorship President Woodrow Wilson put U.S. troops in Mexico to occupy Veracruz as a show of force Huerta’s Federal Army was defeated several times by Obregón and Pancho Villa’s, especially in the Battle of Zacatecas Resigned on July 15, 1914
4. Political Leaders VenustianCarranza December 29, 1859 - May 21, 1920 Born Venustiano Carranza de la Garza President of Mexico after Huerta resigned in 1914, president during the Zimmerman telegraph - kept Mexico neutral during WWI One of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution Declared the liberal 1857 Constitution of Mexico to be respected Parralby seven rifle men Death was the result of a conspiracy Lázardo Cárdenas May 21, 1985 - October 19, 1970 Born Lázaro Cárdenas del Río President of Mexico from 1934 - 1940 Wouldn’t be controlled by Former president Calles’ corruption Cut presidential salary in half Had corrupt associates thrown in jail and/or deported Revered by the Mexican people The end of Capital Punishment Respected for being fearless Francisco Pancho Villa June 5, 1878 - July 20, 1923 Born José DoroteoArangoArámbula Commander of the División del Norte Governor of Chihuaha in 1913 - 1914 Robbed and hijacked trains to fund his cause Fought against Huerta Falling out with Carrana Eventually betrayed by Americans when President Wilson backed Carranza to be the one to establish a stable government Involved in many battles Assassinated while running an errand in Manuel Á v ila Camacho 24 April, 1897 - 13 October, 1955 President of Mexico from 1940 to 1946 Renamed the PRM to the PRI Election day was skeptical with fraud Dealt with WWII Declared war against Axis powers after Mexican oil ships were destroyed by German U-boats Gave U.S. 300,000 workers during the Bracero Program Diplomacy with the UK and Soviets Signed the United Nations Charter
5. Political Leader Emiliano Zapata August 8, 1879 - April 10, 1919 Born Emiliano Zapata Salazar Poster-boy for the Mexican Revolution against PorfirioDíaz Came from a Mestizo family Díaz’s land reforms went into haciendas which invaded peoples lands Spoke with people about defending their land Fought for the rights of the campesinos of Morelos Oversaw the redistribution of land from some haciendas and landowners but problems emerged Fought for the rights of villagers Allied with Francisco I. Madero Became a general of an army in Morelos: the EjércitoLibertador del Sur Jumped on Madero’s campaign against President Díaz Zapata and Madero had a falling out Became the Supreme Chief of the Revolutionary Movement of the South Assassinated by hit-men for Guajardo Maximilian I of Mexico 6 July 1832 - 19 June 1867 Proclaimed Emperor of Mexico during the Second Mexican Empire after being proposed the title by Mexican monarchists and with pressure from Napoleon III Captured and sentenced to death by firing squad Believed he died for the good of Mexico
6. Political Leader Álvaro Obregón Born Álvaro ObregónSalidoa February 19, 1880 - July 17, 1928 President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924 Assassinated in 1928 Minister of War in Preconstitutional Regime of Carranza Modernized and refurbished the Mexican military PRI party Nationalized electric companies In 1959 he began the National Commission for Free Textbooks Promoted museums like the Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City and the Museum of Natural History Carried out Land reform Public health campaigns to fight against polio, malaria, and T.B. Fought against poverty and set up social-welfare programs and improved existing ones Increased the pensions for health care Developed a food distribution system for the poor Created a market for farm produce Low-cost housing budget program in industrial cities Adolfo LópezMateos PlutarcoCalles September 25, 1877 - October 19, 1945 Born PlutarcoElías Calles President of Mexico from 1924 to 1928 Ruled behind the scenes for two more presidencies Began the Cristero War against the Catholic rebels Founded the PNR (now PRI) Supported by labor and peasant unions Laborist party and CROM support Changed civil code by giving illegitimate youth the same rights as legitimate ones He was the child of unmarried parents Drafted new oil laws which enforced Article 27 of the Mexican constitution
7. Political Leaders Ernesto Zedillo Born December 27, 1951 Born Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León President of Mexico from 1994 to 2000 The last president from the National Revolutionary Party to the PRI Supported macroeconomic policies Launched a Science and Technology reformation Entered the Presidency at the beginning of an economic crisis “ Well-being for your family” Created the Progresa program Currently works at Yale University in the U.S. and teaches economics Vicente Fox Born July 2, 1942 Born Vicente Fox Quesada President of Mexico from 2000 to 2006 Excellent public speaker Told Castro in Cuba to watch his mouth and Castro called him “despicable and treacherous” Angered many African-Americans with something he said Wrote an autobiography titled, Revolution of Hope: The Life, Faith and Dreams of a Mexican President Felipe Calder on Born August 18, 1962 Born Felipe de JesúsCalderón Hinojosa Current President of Mexico, 2006 - Present Member of PAN Opposes euthanasia, unrestricted abortion, and gay marriage Will continue foreign policy Expected to mediate free market with other Latin American nations Opposed the U.S. building a border wall Ordered raids on drug cartels, raised public security officers wages, ordered military into major drug trafficking cities Carlos Salinas de Gortari Born April 3, 1948 President of Mexico from 1988 to 1994 PRI party Threatened the PRI who had won all previous elections through fraud since beginning in 1929 “ The system fell.” Suspicious voting computer shutdowns during election. Restored relationships with the Roman Catholic Church and Vatican State Changed land property legislation Negotiated the NAFTA with the U.S. and Canada