The document discusses problem solving concepts in computer programming. It defines input, process, and output (IPO) as the key components of any program. Input involves entering data into the system, process refers to how the computer manipulates that data, and output is the results presented back to the user. An example of an ATM program's IPO is provided: the input would be information like a card number and PIN, the process validates that and deducts any withdrawal, and the output is a receipt showing the new account balance. Finally, exercises are presented to identify the IPO of programs to calculate an average, gross pay, and triangle area.

1. DFC1023
PROBLEM SOLVING & PROGRAM DESIGN
CHAPTER 2:
PROBLEM SOLVING METHODS
S U B TO P I C 2 .1 : P RO B L E M S O LV I N G
C O N C E PT

2. AT THE END OF THIS CHAPTER, STUDENTS
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
Understand Problem solving concept
 Define Input, Process and Output (IPO)
 Identify IPO based on problem given

3. PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
Methodologies for creating computer programs
that perform a desired function.
How do we figure out what to tell the computer to do?
Convert problem statement into algorithm.
Convert algorithm into program.

4. PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
1) Input :
 Refers to the process of entering data, program and
instructions into the computer system using input
devices.
 getting data in from the user.

5. PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
2) Process :
 Computer processes raw data into usable information
to be used by user.
 Data processing is done by the CPU (Central
Processing Unit).
 Processing the input to generate the correct output.

6. PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
3) Output :
 Output is raw data that has been processed by the
computer (result).
 Output will be converted to an understandable form
before being displayed or printed.
 Display results in a text format, back to the user.
 It might be a message to the user, a request for input,
or the results of some data that the program has
computed.

7. PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
EXAMPLE: FLOW OF ATM PROGRAM

8. PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
EXAMPLE : FLOW OF ATM PROGRAM
Input:
• Example: Card number, ATM pin number, type of
transaction, type of account, amount of money to
withdraw.

9. Process:
• Example : Process to identify card number, valid pin
number, type of transaction, type of account and
deducts the withdrawal from the user’s account.
PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
EXAMPLE : FLOW OF ATM PROGRAM

10. Output:
• Example: Receipt will show balance in user’s
account and money withdrawn.
PROBLEM SOLVING CONCEPT
EXAMPLE : FLOW OF ATM PROGRAM

11. EXERCISE

12. DETERMINE INPUT, PROCESS AND OUTPUT
Problem 1:
Write the program that will get 3 numbers as input from the users. Find the average
and display the average.
Problem 2 :
Calculate the gross pay of an employee. The formula to be used is :
Gross_Pay = Hours_Worked * Pay_Rate
Problem 3 :
Calculate the area of triangle.

13. SOLUTION :