The document discusses recent findings about RNA structure and function. It summarizes that scientists have found that unlike previous beliefs, single strands of RNA do not form knots in their structure but rather take on geometric configurations. This facilitates protein synthesis and faithful reproduction of genetic information. The document also discusses how RNA itself can proofread during translation to detect mistakes and signal to enzymes to fix or discard errors, demonstrating an auto-regulation system. Understanding RNA and its role is important for medicine to better understand cellular processes and identify solutions to diseases involving protein synthesis and translation errors.

1. BY: NATALIA ZAPATA LÓPEZ
MEDICINE STUDENT
III SEMESTER

4. INTRODUCTION
RNA is a polymeric
molecule formed by a
sugar (ribose) , a
phosphate group and
nitrogenous bases
Works for
coding, decoding, regulati
on, and
Expression of genes. Trou
gh the synthesis of
proteins in the cells
because of its big importance,
RNA has been a main priority
of the scientist nowadays,
specially because of the
possible use that can have in
the medical practice.

5. RNA: THE UNKNOTTED STRAND OF LIFE.
For years the
structure of the
macromolecules of
the cell has been a
target of scientist
studies .
.
This time the
principal target was
the shape and
configuration of the
single strand of
RNA
.
For this they went
to the Protein Data
Bank, a public
database that
allows scientists
to search
information about
the different
proteins

6. that opposite of what
was believed, the
single stand of the
RNA doesn't have
knots on its structure
but has a tendency
to take geometric
configurations .
They found
computer-generated RNA structure tied
in a trefoil knot

7. This was checked in almost all the protein structures that were analyzed just
with 3 exceptions.
They argument this could happens because of the method used to analyze
this last 3 proteins.
that was different to the method used on the other 6000 proteins on which
ones this study is based.

8. The
reason
this facilitates the synthesis
of proteins and achieve a
faithful reproduction of the
genomic information

9. OPINION
With this new information the science can
take advantage of the simple shape of the
RNA strand, making it an easy molecular
target to change genomic information and
also changing its own translation in specific
proteins, making with it effective
treatments for illness based in damages in
the protein synthesis.
Also can be useful to understand better the
molecular structure and the different
process of the cell.
•

10. IN A ROLE REVERSAL, RNAS PROOFREAD
THEMSELVES
The synthesis of proteins
needs a special control to
prevent the cell of making bad
translation, and therefore
creating a mutation that can
affect the cell or even worst
the organism.

11. •
For this process the cell has special enzymes, capable of detect the mistakes in
the encode and create a reaction to destroy or fix the damage.
the enzyme that helps in this process is the CCA-adding enzyme

12. CCA-
adding
enzyme
capable of
duplicate de
mistake for making
it more visible for
the regulation
mechanism
also they revealed that
the enzyme cant
distinguish between
the difference of a
normal or a mutant
gene

13. The recognition
process of the good
from yhe ad
translations is done by
the strand of RNA,
which apparently has
its own system of
regulation.
the RNA finds the
mistake and make the
cell know that there is
the problem, then the
enzyme arrives and
duplicates the mistake
adding the nucleotide
CCA
the RNA finds the
mistake and make the
cell know that there is
the problem, then the
enzyme arrives and
duplicates the mistake
adding the nucleotide
CCA

14. OPNION•
• The auto regulation system allow the science and the scientist to
understand more the process of mutations, its regulation and the
proliferation of bad information that can generate a pathology. With
more knowledge about this topics they can find more answers for
different unanswered questions that can helps to deal with different
illness or mortal diseases that have their origin in the bad translation
of proteins associated to changes in the genomic material, and also
replicates this model to use it in new technologies in favor of the
human well been

15. MEDICAL IMPORTANCE.
The RNA and all it cell cycle needs to be completely studies for the science,
specially for the medicine and all the botanic careers , because thank to it is that
how we can understand different processes that have relation with the cell, the
synthesis of proteins and de well function of the organism,

16. If we can detect how everything normally Works it would be easier to understand
the problems that are interrupting this process, how is been interrupted and a
possible solution to this issue.

17. Thanks to this, the medicine can now redirect the focus and look for new
alternatives to cure or treat different disease that have their main problem in the
translation or the synthesis of the proteins that act directly or indirectly on the
different systems

18. They also can start to replicate a mechanic or robotic structure that can
do the same process with the same technique and precision and with
this try to replicate the cell model and start to use it for investigation or
other applications.

19. BIBLIOGRAFY
• Martínez Sánchez Lina maría, biología molecular 2 Ed Medellín upb
facultad de medicina 2006
• Www.sciencedaily.com
• Claus-D. Kuhn, Jeremy E. Wilusz, Yuxuan Zheng, Peter A. Beal,
Leemor Joshua-Tor. On-Enzyme Refolding Permits Small RNA and
tRNA Surveillance by the CCA-Adding Enzyme. Cell,
• Cristian Micheletti, Marco Di Stefano, and Henri Orland. Absence of
knots in known RNA structures. PNAS, February 2, 2015