Sofcon offers automation training and courses related to PLCs, SCADA, and other industrial automation topics. They provide training on PLC programming, digital electronics, and SCADA software usage. The document also provides an overview of automation components and technologies like sensors, transmitters, control systems, PLCs, and SCADA. It describes typical PLC architecture including inputs, outputs, processor, memory and power supply. Common PLC programming languages and applications in different industries are also mentioned.
The document provides information about programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and distributed control systems (DCSs). It discusses the history and components of PLCs, including the central processing unit, input and output modules, power supply, and programming languages. DCSs are described as systems that divide plant control into areas managed by individual controllers connected by a communication network. Key advantages of DCSs include reliability, redundancy, flexibility in configuration, and ease of maintenance. The document compares PLCs and DCSs, noting that DCSs are more suitable for large-scale, complex plant control applications.
PLC stands for programmable logic controller, which is an electronic device used to automate industrial processes. It uses a programming memory to store instructions to control machines and processes. PLCs are commonly used in manufacturing, food processing, metals, power, mining, and petrochemical industries. A PLC has a processor, power supply, input and output modules, and a programming device. PLCs were developed in the 1960s to replace relay-based control systems and became popular in the 1980s due to lower costs. PLCs use ladder logic programming to control inputs like sensors and outputs like motors.
1 introduction to plc and its programming-1VishalGupta969
A PLC is used for industrial automation and control. It was developed to replace mechanical and relay-based controls. A typical PLC has a processor unit, power supply, input/output section, and a programmable memory. It monitors sensors and devices, runs programmed logic operations, and controls outputs like motors and valves. PLCs offer advantages like reliability, flexibility, and cost savings over traditional controls. They are widely used in industries like manufacturing, facilities control, and processing.
The document discusses the history and components of industrial automation and programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It provides an overview of PLC components like the power supply, communication modules, input/output modules, and processor. Examples of PLC addressing modes and advanced instructions are also described. The document outlines an automatic parking control project and a motor sequence control project developed using a PLC. It discusses the role of PLCs in instrumentation and control applications.
The document provides an introduction to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) for industrial automation. It discusses PLC hardware components including the CPU, power supply, memory, and I/O modules. It describes the logical rack configuration and addressing schemes for discrete and analog I/O points. The document also covers common I/O connection modes like sinking and sourcing. Programming methods like ladder logic, function block diagrams, and statement lists are introduced. Finally, the selection of PLCs for different industrial automation needs is briefly addressed.
Programmable Logic Controller by Pranoti R. DokePranoti Doke
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses that a PLC is a digital computer used for industrial control systems. The major components of a PLC include a processor, input and output modules, power supply, and a programming device. It then explains the basic operational sequence of a PLC which involves input scanning, logic processing, and output scanning. Additional topics covered include ladder logic, examples of controlling motors, advantages and disadvantages of PLCs, and their applications in industry.
The document discusses the history and use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) in industrial automation. It notes that PLCs were first specified in 1968 by General Motors to provide a solid-state, reusable system for controlling industrial processes more flexibly than relay-based systems. A PLC consists of a central processing unit, power supply, programming unit, memory, and input/output interfacing circuitry. It scans inputs, executes user-programmed logic instructions, and updates outputs on a continuous cycle. Common programming methods for PLCs include ladder logic, functional block diagrams, and structured text. PLCs communicate with field devices and one another using various interfaces and protocols.
A PLC is a digital operating electronic apparatus.
Which uses a programmable memory for internal storage of instruction for implementing specific function such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic to control through analog or digital input/output modules various types of machines or process.
The document provides information about programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and distributed control systems (DCSs). It discusses the history and components of PLCs, including the central processing unit, input and output modules, power supply, and programming languages. DCSs are described as systems that divide plant control into areas managed by individual controllers connected by a communication network. Key advantages of DCSs include reliability, redundancy, flexibility in configuration, and ease of maintenance. The document compares PLCs and DCSs, noting that DCSs are more suitable for large-scale, complex plant control applications.
PLC stands for programmable logic controller, which is an electronic device used to automate industrial processes. It uses a programming memory to store instructions to control machines and processes. PLCs are commonly used in manufacturing, food processing, metals, power, mining, and petrochemical industries. A PLC has a processor, power supply, input and output modules, and a programming device. PLCs were developed in the 1960s to replace relay-based control systems and became popular in the 1980s due to lower costs. PLCs use ladder logic programming to control inputs like sensors and outputs like motors.
1 introduction to plc and its programming-1VishalGupta969
A PLC is used for industrial automation and control. It was developed to replace mechanical and relay-based controls. A typical PLC has a processor unit, power supply, input/output section, and a programmable memory. It monitors sensors and devices, runs programmed logic operations, and controls outputs like motors and valves. PLCs offer advantages like reliability, flexibility, and cost savings over traditional controls. They are widely used in industries like manufacturing, facilities control, and processing.
The document discusses the history and components of industrial automation and programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It provides an overview of PLC components like the power supply, communication modules, input/output modules, and processor. Examples of PLC addressing modes and advanced instructions are also described. The document outlines an automatic parking control project and a motor sequence control project developed using a PLC. It discusses the role of PLCs in instrumentation and control applications.
The document provides an introduction to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) for industrial automation. It discusses PLC hardware components including the CPU, power supply, memory, and I/O modules. It describes the logical rack configuration and addressing schemes for discrete and analog I/O points. The document also covers common I/O connection modes like sinking and sourcing. Programming methods like ladder logic, function block diagrams, and statement lists are introduced. Finally, the selection of PLCs for different industrial automation needs is briefly addressed.
Programmable Logic Controller by Pranoti R. DokePranoti Doke
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses that a PLC is a digital computer used for industrial control systems. The major components of a PLC include a processor, input and output modules, power supply, and a programming device. It then explains the basic operational sequence of a PLC which involves input scanning, logic processing, and output scanning. Additional topics covered include ladder logic, examples of controlling motors, advantages and disadvantages of PLCs, and their applications in industry.
The document discusses the history and use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) in industrial automation. It notes that PLCs were first specified in 1968 by General Motors to provide a solid-state, reusable system for controlling industrial processes more flexibly than relay-based systems. A PLC consists of a central processing unit, power supply, programming unit, memory, and input/output interfacing circuitry. It scans inputs, executes user-programmed logic instructions, and updates outputs on a continuous cycle. Common programming methods for PLCs include ladder logic, functional block diagrams, and structured text. PLCs communicate with field devices and one another using various interfaces and protocols.
A PLC is a digital operating electronic apparatus.
Which uses a programmable memory for internal storage of instruction for implementing specific function such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting and arithmetic to control through analog or digital input/output modules various types of machines or process.
Basics and applications of programmable logic controller (plc)Ali Altahir
PLC is a multipurpose clock-driven memory-based electronic device which is also known as a specialized industrial computer which deals with different level of complexity and control system.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the course objectives which are to understand the major PLC components, interpret specifications, troubleshoot PLCs, convert relay logic to PLC programming, and operate and program a PLC for applications. The course covers the history of PLCs, components like the CPU and I/O system, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. It also provides examples of PLC programming for mixing tank controls.
This document discusses automation and SCADA systems. It provides an overview of automation, including its history and impact. Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are introduced as a type of automation tool. PLCs use ladder logic programming and have input/output modules. SCADA systems are also discussed. SCADA allows for supervisory control and data acquisition in industrial automation by providing dynamic graphics, trending, alarms and other features for monitoring processes. SCADA is used across various industries such as manufacturing, facilities management and electric power systems.
The document provides background information on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses the origin of PLCs in the 1960s as an alternative to relay-based control systems. It then covers the key components of PLCs including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and power supply. The document also discusses PLC programming and applications in various industrial sectors.
This PowerPoint presentation provides an overview of programmable logic controller (PLC) hardware. It covers the different components of a PLC system, including the CPU, input/output modules, power supply, and communication interfaces. The presentation also discusses the functions of each hardware element and their importance in industrial automation and control systems.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It includes an agenda that covers introductions to PLCs and SCADA, their classifications, elements, applications, and types. It also discusses the purpose of the research project, which is to develop teaching modules on general SCADA systems and PLCs using LabVIEW and wireless computers.
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and automation systems. It discusses PLC hardware components like racks, power supplies, CPUs, I/O modules. It describes programming PLCs using ladder logic and compares PLCs to traditional relay-based control systems. PLCs allow for more flexible, user-programmable control compared to hardwired relay systems and are well-suited for industrial automation applications. The document also gives examples of Siemens S7 PLC systems and their modular components.
This document provides an overview of a training course on basic programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the course objectives which are to describe PLC components, interpret specifications, apply troubleshooting techniques, convert relay logic to PLC language, and operate and program a PLC for applications. The document lists the course contents which cover topics like history, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. It also provides examples of PLC components, programming devices, input/output modules, and memory designs.
This document provides an overview of basic programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the typical hardware components of a PLC including the processor, power supply, input/output modules, and programming device. The document then covers PLC programming concepts and applications. The objectives are to describe PLC components, interpret specifications, apply troubleshooting techniques, convert relay logic to PLC code, and program a PLC for applications.
A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or Programmable Controller is an electronic device used for Automation of industrial processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.
The document reports on industrial automation based on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses how PLCs were developed to provide flexible control through programming rather than wiring. PLCs have replaced relays and hardwired controls in many industrial applications. They allow processes to be more easily programmed and modified. The document covers the basic components and functions of PLCs, including the CPU, memory, input/output modules, and ladder logic programming. It also discusses some common industrial applications of PLC automation.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the course objectives which are to describe PLC components, interpret specifications, apply troubleshooting techniques, convert relay logic to PLC language, and operate and program a PLC. The document lists the course contents which include the history of PLCs, programming concepts, and applications. It also provides details on the basic hardware components of a PLC including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and programming device.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the objectives of the training as teaching the major components of PLCs, programming techniques, and how to troubleshoot applications. The document lists the course contents which cover topics like the history of PLCs, relay logic, the central processing unit, programming concepts, and applications. It also provides examples of PLC components, programming, and a sample control application using a liquid mixing tank.
This document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and their basic components and functions. It describes the typical hardware components of a PLC including the processor, power supply, input/output modules, and programming device. It also explains the basic concepts of PLC memory organization, input and output circuit types, ladder logic programming, and common PLC applications in industry. The document is intended to introduce trainees to the fundamental building blocks and programming of PLC systems.
This document discusses fundamentals of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It defines a PLC as a digital electronic device that uses programmable memory to implement logic functions to control machines and processes. The document describes the basic architecture of a PLC system including the central processing unit, input/output modules, memory, power supply, and communication interfaces. It also discusses digital and analog input/output modules, their representation in PLC programming, rules of ladder logic programming, needs and advantages of PLCs, disadvantages, and applications.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the objectives of the course which are to explain the basic components and programming of PLCs. The document outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, relay logic, the central processing unit, input/output systems, programming concepts, applications, troubleshooting and maintenance. It also provides examples of PLC components and their functions.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the objectives of the course which are to explain the basic components and programming of PLCs. The document outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, relay logic, the central processing unit, input/output systems, programming concepts, applications, troubleshooting and maintenance. It also provides examples of PLC components and their functions.
This document provides an overview of a basic PLC training course. It describes the major components of a PLC including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and programming device. It also outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. The objectives are for participants to understand PLC components, programming, applications, and basic troubleshooting.
This document provides an overview of a basic PLC training course. It describes the major components of a PLC including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and programming device. It also outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. The objectives are for participants to understand PLC components, programming, applications, and basic troubleshooting.
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), including their functions, hardware, programming, and role in industrial processes. PLCs are designed to operate under severe conditions and handle inputs from sensors and outputs to actuators in real-time. They are widely used for process control and safety systems due to their reliability, robustness, and long lifespan.
This document discusses a machine learning based project to predict the lifetime of lithium ion batteries in electric vehicles. The project involves collecting battery parameter data, cleaning the data, splitting it into training and test sets, training a model on the data and using the model to predict battery lifetime. Additionally, the project aims to develop regenerative power capabilities in vehicle batteries by using a spur gear mechanism attached to the vehicle to capture kinetic energy during motion and store it in the batteries through DC to DC conversion. This stored energy can then power other electrical appliances.
Basics and applications of programmable logic controller (plc)Ali Altahir
PLC is a multipurpose clock-driven memory-based electronic device which is also known as a specialized industrial computer which deals with different level of complexity and control system.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the course objectives which are to understand the major PLC components, interpret specifications, troubleshoot PLCs, convert relay logic to PLC programming, and operate and program a PLC for applications. The course covers the history of PLCs, components like the CPU and I/O system, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. It also provides examples of PLC programming for mixing tank controls.
This document discusses automation and SCADA systems. It provides an overview of automation, including its history and impact. Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are introduced as a type of automation tool. PLCs use ladder logic programming and have input/output modules. SCADA systems are also discussed. SCADA allows for supervisory control and data acquisition in industrial automation by providing dynamic graphics, trending, alarms and other features for monitoring processes. SCADA is used across various industries such as manufacturing, facilities management and electric power systems.
The document provides background information on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses the origin of PLCs in the 1960s as an alternative to relay-based control systems. It then covers the key components of PLCs including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and power supply. The document also discusses PLC programming and applications in various industrial sectors.
This PowerPoint presentation provides an overview of programmable logic controller (PLC) hardware. It covers the different components of a PLC system, including the CPU, input/output modules, power supply, and communication interfaces. The presentation also discusses the functions of each hardware element and their importance in industrial automation and control systems.
This document provides an overview of a presentation on programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. It includes an agenda that covers introductions to PLCs and SCADA, their classifications, elements, applications, and types. It also discusses the purpose of the research project, which is to develop teaching modules on general SCADA systems and PLCs using LabVIEW and wireless computers.
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and automation systems. It discusses PLC hardware components like racks, power supplies, CPUs, I/O modules. It describes programming PLCs using ladder logic and compares PLCs to traditional relay-based control systems. PLCs allow for more flexible, user-programmable control compared to hardwired relay systems and are well-suited for industrial automation applications. The document also gives examples of Siemens S7 PLC systems and their modular components.
This document provides an overview of a training course on basic programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the course objectives which are to describe PLC components, interpret specifications, apply troubleshooting techniques, convert relay logic to PLC language, and operate and program a PLC for applications. The document lists the course contents which cover topics like history, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. It also provides examples of PLC components, programming devices, input/output modules, and memory designs.
This document provides an overview of basic programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the typical hardware components of a PLC including the processor, power supply, input/output modules, and programming device. The document then covers PLC programming concepts and applications. The objectives are to describe PLC components, interpret specifications, apply troubleshooting techniques, convert relay logic to PLC code, and program a PLC for applications.
A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or Programmable Controller is an electronic device used for Automation of industrial processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.
The document reports on industrial automation based on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It discusses how PLCs were developed to provide flexible control through programming rather than wiring. PLCs have replaced relays and hardwired controls in many industrial applications. They allow processes to be more easily programmed and modified. The document covers the basic components and functions of PLCs, including the CPU, memory, input/output modules, and ladder logic programming. It also discusses some common industrial applications of PLC automation.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the course objectives which are to describe PLC components, interpret specifications, apply troubleshooting techniques, convert relay logic to PLC language, and operate and program a PLC. The document lists the course contents which include the history of PLCs, programming concepts, and applications. It also provides details on the basic hardware components of a PLC including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and programming device.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the objectives of the training as teaching the major components of PLCs, programming techniques, and how to troubleshoot applications. The document lists the course contents which cover topics like the history of PLCs, relay logic, the central processing unit, programming concepts, and applications. It also provides examples of PLC components, programming, and a sample control application using a liquid mixing tank.
This document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and their basic components and functions. It describes the typical hardware components of a PLC including the processor, power supply, input/output modules, and programming device. It also explains the basic concepts of PLC memory organization, input and output circuit types, ladder logic programming, and common PLC applications in industry. The document is intended to introduce trainees to the fundamental building blocks and programming of PLC systems.
This document discusses fundamentals of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It defines a PLC as a digital electronic device that uses programmable memory to implement logic functions to control machines and processes. The document describes the basic architecture of a PLC system including the central processing unit, input/output modules, memory, power supply, and communication interfaces. It also discusses digital and analog input/output modules, their representation in PLC programming, rules of ladder logic programming, needs and advantages of PLCs, disadvantages, and applications.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the objectives of the course which are to explain the basic components and programming of PLCs. The document outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, relay logic, the central processing unit, input/output systems, programming concepts, applications, troubleshooting and maintenance. It also provides examples of PLC components and their functions.
This document provides an overview of a basic training course on programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes the objectives of the course which are to explain the basic components and programming of PLCs. The document outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, relay logic, the central processing unit, input/output systems, programming concepts, applications, troubleshooting and maintenance. It also provides examples of PLC components and their functions.
This document provides an overview of a basic PLC training course. It describes the major components of a PLC including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and programming device. It also outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. The objectives are for participants to understand PLC components, programming, applications, and basic troubleshooting.
This document provides an overview of a basic PLC training course. It describes the major components of a PLC including the processor, memory, I/O modules, and programming device. It also outlines the course contents which will cover the history of PLCs, programming concepts, applications, and troubleshooting. The objectives are for participants to understand PLC components, programming, applications, and basic troubleshooting.
The document provides an overview of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), including their functions, hardware, programming, and role in industrial processes. PLCs are designed to operate under severe conditions and handle inputs from sensors and outputs to actuators in real-time. They are widely used for process control and safety systems due to their reliability, robustness, and long lifespan.
This document discusses a machine learning based project to predict the lifetime of lithium ion batteries in electric vehicles. The project involves collecting battery parameter data, cleaning the data, splitting it into training and test sets, training a model on the data and using the model to predict battery lifetime. Additionally, the project aims to develop regenerative power capabilities in vehicle batteries by using a spur gear mechanism attached to the vehicle to capture kinetic energy during motion and store it in the batteries through DC to DC conversion. This stored energy can then power other electrical appliances.
The document discusses the zener diode, including its construction, working principle, and applications. A zener diode operates in reverse breakdown to regulate voltage. It has a very thin, heavily doped depletion region which allows breakdown at low voltages. Zener diodes are used to provide stable reference voltages for applications like power supplies.
This document discusses the different types of armature leakage fluxes in rotating electrical machines. It identifies seven main types of leakage fluxes: slot leakage flux, tooth top leakage flux, zigzag leakage flux, overhang leakage flux, harmonic or differential leakage flux, skew leakage flux, and peripheral leakage flux. Each type of leakage flux is caused by a different factor related to the machine design and flows in a distinct pattern that does not link all motor windings. Understanding these leakage flux types is important because leakage fluxes affect the performance of rotating machines.
The document contains solved problems related to the design of electrical machines:
1) It provides calculations of specific electric and magnetic loadings for a 350KW dc generator.
2) It calculates the main dimensions of a synchronous generator for different cases where specific loadings and speed are varied.
3) Dimensions are determined for induction motors where data like power rating and efficiency are given.
4) Main dimensions are calculated for dc motors based on data like power rating, speed, current density and flux density.
The document is a lab manual for a Microprocessor and Microcontroller lab. It contains:
1. An introduction and syllabus covering digital and linear circuits, 8-bit microprocessors and microcontrollers, and various experiments.
2. Details of experiments with an 8-bit microprocessor (8085) including arithmetic operations, sorting/searching arrays, code conversions, and interfacing analog devices.
3. Details of experiments with an 8-bit microcontroller (8051) including programming basics and interfacing devices like stepper motors.
4. Objectives, apparatus, algorithms, programs, procedures, inputs/outputs for each experiment.
The document discusses various topics related to electrical circuits and measurements. It provides definitions for Ohm's law and its limitations, describes the differences between moving coil and moving iron instruments, lists the operating forces in indicating instruments, and defines terms like RMS value and power factor. It also gives examples of circuit analysis questions and explains the construction and working of a single phase energy meter in detail over multiple paragraphs.
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ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
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6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
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plc-amp-scada-ppt.pptx
1. Introduction of SOFCON
Sofcon a Channel Partner of Rockwell Automation
in India.
▪ It offers Turn-key Automation projects, solutions
& services to power, chemical, pharma, cement,
energy, food, water management etc. industries
for over 02 decades.
▪ Sofcon India Pvt. Ltd (Training Wing of Sofcon
Group) is committed to Strengthen practical
Knowledge of Engineers /Working Professionals /
Technicians
2. Sofcon offers various
courses
0PLC Course Contents
0 Digital Electronics Basics
0 PLC Fundamentals
0 PLC Hardware & Architecture
0 Source & sink Cencepts
0 Wiring Different field Devices to PLC
3. S C A D A Course
Contents
0 Introduction to SCADA Software
0 Creating new SCADA project
0 Creating & editing elementary graphic display
0 Attaching controls to graphic objects
0 Real time & historical trends Using alarms &
events
0 Application of scripts Communication with PLC
0 Communication with excel
4. AUTOMATION
0 Automation is a step beyond mechanization.
0 Automation is the use of control systems
and information technologies to reduce the
need for human work in the production of
goods and services.
6. Automation : Typical installation . . . .
Junction Box
Field Cabling
Sensors Placed in the field
Control Panel
Control Hardware
SCADA Software
Communication Cable
Field Cabling
Back
7. Programmable Logic
Controllers
❖A PLC is a solid state / industrial com puter that
performs discrete or sequential logic in a factory
environment.
❖ It was originally developed to replace mechanical
relays, timers, counters.
❖A sequence of instructions is programmed by the
user to the PLC memory. Its purpose is to monitor
crucial process parameters and adjust process
operations accordingly.
9. By
Reduced wiring & associated errors
Less space
No moving parts - rugged
Possibility of reprogramming
PLC Saves
Material cost
Installation cost
Troubleshooting
Labor cost
Value added benefits
Reliability
Flexibility
Advanced Function
Communication
Speed
Diagnostics
ADVANTAGES
10. Packaging
Material Handling
Power Generation
Security Systems
Paint Lines
Bottling & Canning
Machining
HVAC/ Building Automation
Automated Assembly
Water treatment
Industry
Cement Automobile Chemicals Plastics
Metals Paper F&B
APLLICATIONS
Any application in any industry
that requires electrical control
11. Various Brands of PLCs
➢Allen Bradley
➢Siemens
USA
Germany
➢Modicon
➢Mitshubishi
➢GE Fanuc
➢Omron
France
Japan
USA
Japan
13. INPUTS
Input
Circuits
PLC system consists of Inputs
1) Inputs - Discrete - On/Off type
o
o
o
o
o
o
Pushbuttons
Switches
Limit Switches
Selector Switches
Proximity sensors
Photo - electric sensors
2) Inputs devices - Analog
o
o
Resistance Temp. Detectors
Thermo - couple
14. Input Modules
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
COM
A/D
conversion
To PLC
Terminal block -
this is where
wires from the
field devices are
connected
Field device -
this is
showing a
simple switch
Input
Module
24 Volt
DC
System
+ 24
Volts
- 24
Volts
The input module performs tasks
electronically as:
oDetermines the presence or absence of
input
oConverts input single to a DC level use
able PLC
oProvides Electronic isolation B/w input
signal & PLC
16. PLC system consists of Outputs
Output
Circuits
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Solenoids
Relays - AC or DC powered
Contactors
Motor Starters
Indication Lights
Valves
Alarms
OUTPUTS
17. Output Modules
From
PLC
Terminal block -
this is where
wires from the
field devices are
connected
Field device
-Motor starter,
controlling an
AC motor.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
COM
D/A
Conversion
Output
Module
19. Processor, Controller, or CPU
● Stores the control program and data in its memory
● Reads the status of connected input devices
● Performs Arithmetic and Logical Operations
● Executes the control program
● Commands connected outputs to change state based on
program execution
20. WORKING OF
PROCESSOR
For any execution of program processor has
to scan the entire program
Scan cycle consist of:-
➢ Input Scan
➢ Program Scan
➢ Output Scan
➢ Housekeeping
22. Facts about scan
cycle
➢Scan Cycle Depends upon No of I/Os
➢More I/Os More scan time
➢Application Decides the Scan time
of a PLC
➢Scan time in normal applications is
1 ms to 2 ms & in bigger applications
100 ms to 200 ms
23. MEMORY
❖The processor consists of memory locations
known as words
❖Each word can store binary data
❖The number of bits that a word can store depends
on the system of PLC
❖The 16-bit word is more common
24. Types of Memory
It is divided into two parts
:
1)The user memory is for
storage of user program
i.e. ladder logic
2)The storage memory is
used to store information
such as input/ output
status timers, or counters
25. Programming Languages
0 Ladder Diagram (LD)
0 Functional block Diagram (FBD)
0 Structured Text (ST)
0 Instruction List (IL)
0 Sequential Functional Chart (SFC)
26. Ladder Basics
➢Ladder is widely used language & is close to
Electrical basics.
➢ In 50-6 0 % places in a ladder: NO, NC
or (XIC, XIO in case of Allen Bradley) are used.
➢If s/w closed at this add
CPU interprets it as True
condition
➢If s/w Open at this add CPU
interprets it as False
condition
➢If s/w Open at this add CPU
interprets it as True
condition
➢If s/w Closed at this add
CPU interprets it as False
condition
28. OR Gate, Relay and PLC Equivalent
Boolean Expression is written as: Y = A + B
In an OR gate, the output is high if any one or all of the inputs are
high. Therefore the OR gate is equivalent to a parallel combination of
normally open switches.
Truth Table Control signal
IN1
CONTROL
SIGNAL IN2
OUTPUT
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
29. Hardware Over View of
MicroLogix 1000
MicroLogix 1000 is a packaged controller
containing a power supply, input circuits, output
circuits, and a processor.
31. Basic Components of a PLC
Network Interface System
Most PLCs have the ability to communicate with
other devices. The PLC will communicate to the
other devices through a network interface.
Network connecting other
devices
Network
interface
module
PLC
35. Supervisory Control and
Data
Acquisition (SCADA)
0 SCADA system
S
s ystems
0 used to monitor and control a plant or
equipment in industries
such as:
0 telecommunications, water and waste
control, energy, oil and gas refining and
transportation
36. PURPOSE
A SCADA SYSTEM
●Gathers information from Remote Terminal
Units (RTUs) and/or (PLCs), and the central
host and the operator terminals(such as where
a leak on a pipeline has occurred).
●Transfers the information back to a central
site, then alerts the home station that a leak
has occurred
● carries out necessary analysis and control,
37. What do SCADA
Provide?
● Dynamic Process Graphics
● Basic SCADA functionality
Real time &historical trend
▪ Alarms
▪ Recipe Management
S e c u r i t y
R e p o r t Generation
▪ Logging, Archiving
▪ Device connectivity
▪ Data base connectivity
● Interfaces to H/W and S /W
● Interfaces to ERP- and Expert-Systems
● Development Tools
37
38. DEVICE CONNECTIVITY
Every manufacturer have there one way
communication or follow different protocols.
SCADA S /W should have connectivity to
different h/w used in automation
39. Benefits of
SCADA
0 Standard frame for application
0 Rich functionality (50 - 100 p-yrs investment)
0 Reliability and Robustness (very large installed
base, mission critical processes)
0 Limited specific development
0 Technical support and maintenance
0 ….. Etc
9 - 12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 - DESY 39
40. Development
Tools
0 Project editor
0 Graphics editor
0 Configuration through parameter templates
0 Scripting language
0 Most processing tools based on IEC 1131
0 Batch configuration according to S88.1
0 Driver Development Tool Kit
9 - 12 Oct. 2000 PCaPAC'2000 - DESY 40
42. Configuration
of SCADA Systems 2nd
42
PLC
Programs
Communication
Processor
•Analog-Input
•Value-AI-0
•Value-AI-1
•Analog-Output
•Value-AO-0
•Value-AO-1
Field Bus
•Vacuum_VALUE
•Pressure_VALUE
•Analog-Output
•Valve_1_OUT
•Heater_1_OUT
Mapping
SCADA
•Analog-Input
Play