This document discusses the tribological properties of silver and gold electroplated in the presence of nano-diamonds and nano-alumina particles. It finds that adding these nanoparticles can improve the tribological properties of silver and gold plating, including reducing wear by up to 70%, lowering the friction coefficient by up to 50%, and increasing microhardness by around 20-35%. The nanoparticles are incorporated uniformly throughout the plated metal layers and influence the structure of the metal by reducing crystal size, but are present in very small amounts, making the resulting material not a true composite but rather an enhanced metal matrix. This nanoparticle-enhanced plating technique has been successfully used in industrial applications for the past 10 years.
Experiences with MnO2 tantalum capacitors in the past may have caused some engineers to look at alternatives. However, a decade of a new Polymer tantalum solve many of the previous challenges, especially in Automotive applications.
KEMET's T598 Polymer Electrolytic Capacitor is an AEC-Q200 qualified solution for automotive.
Presented by Jayson Young at the 2016 AEC Reliability Workshop
Experiences with MnO2 tantalum capacitors in the past may have caused some engineers to look at alternatives. However, a decade of a new Polymer tantalum solve many of the previous challenges, especially in Automotive applications.
KEMET's T598 Polymer Electrolytic Capacitor is an AEC-Q200 qualified solution for automotive.
Presented by Jayson Young at the 2016 AEC Reliability Workshop
Senior Capstone presentation,
"Slam Freezing Device for Electron Microscopy"
Adviser: Professor Ruberti
Team: Jamison Pezdek, Gabe Marquez, Nector Ritzakas, Nick Hermann, Afjal Wahidi
Куда рулить дальше или 7 советов интернет-маркетологуAd-Bro
7 советов по увеличению трафика и конверсий для вашего сайта.
В презентации написано о:
мультиязычности сайта,
региональных витринах,
мобильной версии сайта,
минусовке возвратов товаров,
анализе цен конкурентов,
и другое...
Автор: Черныш Константин
Блог автора: ad-bro.blogspot.com
Senior Capstone presentation,
"Slam Freezing Device for Electron Microscopy"
Adviser: Professor Ruberti
Team: Jamison Pezdek, Gabe Marquez, Nector Ritzakas, Nick Hermann, Afjal Wahidi
Куда рулить дальше или 7 советов интернет-маркетологуAd-Bro
7 советов по увеличению трафика и конверсий для вашего сайта.
В презентации написано о:
мультиязычности сайта,
региональных витринах,
мобильной версии сайта,
минусовке возвратов товаров,
анализе цен конкурентов,
и другое...
Автор: Черныш Константин
Блог автора: ad-bro.blogspot.com
SignalFx engineer Rajiv Kurian's presentation on why we wrote our own Kafka consumer, the performance goals, and the performance gains achieved.
Download the slides to see animations showing hardware details. These slides were converged from Keynote to Powerpoint, so there may be some oddness with slide transitions!
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SmalTec International is the world’s leading manufacturer of micromachining equipment for aerospace, communications, medical, automotive, optics, nanotechnology and other innovative industries.
Optimization of MRR in EDM Process with Different Job Material i.e Stainless ...IJERA Editor
Electro discharge machining (EDM) has been recognized as an efficient method of producing dies and machining of hard material such as ceramics and high strength metal matrix composites for the modern metal industry (1). In this process the metal are remove through melting or vaporization of job metal by high frequency spark discharge. Although in this process the metal removal rate is lower than the other non-conventional machining process. But the dimensional accuracy is higher than the other process and more complex shape can be produce generally composite material are fascinated as thy exhibit exceptional mechanical and physical properties such as high strength, high hardness, and high density at elevated temperature. For this extra ordinary behavior it has wide range of application on the metal industries like aerospace, dies or mould making industries, automobiles industries etc. The metal removal rate (M.R.R.) and surface smoothness not only depend on the selection of tool material also depend on the number of input parameter (such-input current, voltage, spindle speed, duty factor, dielectric medium), job metal property (conductivity ,hardness, strength, density etc.),machine condition and machining condition(machine performances, temperature, depth of cut or area of cut etc.). It is most difficult to select machining condition for optimal performances due to large number of parameters and inherent complexity of material removal mechanism taking place in EDM process. In the present work, the experiments were conducted using Taguchi L9 orthogonal approach, to ascertain the effect of EDM process parameters on material removal rate (MRR) of stain less steel and cast iron by using tool material such copper and graphite.
Sahajanand Laser Technology Ltd. (SLTL Group) is the
largest manufacturer of laser systems in India and world's
first manufacturer of fiber laser cutting machine for sheet
metal application such as Laser cutting, Marking, Welding,
Micro machining, Solar cell scribing / cutting, Scanning,
Diamond processing, Medical equipments, Medical stent
cutting, etc
The COREMA system allow for non-destructive resistivity testing of semi-insulating wafers made with materials such as SiC, GaN, GaAs and CdZnTe. The range is 1E5- 1E12 ohm-cm.
Solving Problems with Reliability in the Lead-Free EraCheryl Tulkoff
This presentation provides a focused but comprehensive discussion on potential reliability issues that can arise within Pb-free processes. Areas of potential high risk are examined. For each reliability concern, a brief description is provided, followed by the current state of industry knowledge and an opportunity for risk mitigation based upon the product design, materials, complexity, volumes, and customer expectations of reliability. A final summary provides the attendees a roadmap for ensuring the reliability of Pb-free product.
Autogenous laser welding of the AA6082-T651 aluminium alloy was investigated with 3 lasers, namely a pulsed laser of 300W, a disk laser of 4kW and a laser marker of 70W. First, the hot cracking susceptibility was studied with two conventional laser welding equipment, without using filler material or heat treatment. Additionally, an attempt was made to weld with a laser marking equipment. Most of the welds made were laser seam welds but, some continuous and laser spot welds were also tested. As each laser was operated with different parameters, more than 400 welds were obtained with a wide range of parameters. Selected welds were studied with visual inspection, dye penetrant inspection (DPI), optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results indicated that welds with pulse laser beam tend to develop hot cracking, due to the segregation of silicon-rich low melting point eutectics to the grain boundaries and the development of contraction stresses during solidification. On the other hand, positive results were found with continuous welding since this process results in much longer solidification times and lower stresses. Finally, promising results were obtained with the laser marking machine, which produced high aspect ratio laser seam welds without hot cracking and a penetration of 1 mm using 99.9% of overlap factor. These welds were crack free due to their small weld pool, avoiding segregation effects, and to the heat build-up of successive spots, what had similar effect to solidification in continuous welding.
Fuelspec 114-05 (Patented EPA approved fuel additive)Ashish K Mahaseth
Technology is well proven on HSD as well Marine fuel. We are proved at:
1) GE Power turbine
2) Bharat Petroleum
3) Wartsila
4) Matson Navigation
5) KPCL India
1. PlasmaChem
Tribological investigation of
silver and gold electroplated in
presence of nano-diamonds
and nano-alumina
Dr. Alexei Antipov
PlasmaChem GmbH
www.plasmachem.com
antipov@plasmachem.com
Tel.: +49 30 6392-6313
Fax: +49 30 6392-6314
2. PlasmaChem Use of Silver and Gold for Plating
Circuit breakers and switches
MusikInstruments
Jewellery
Electronics
2%
13%
7%
24%
54%
Industrial
Jewelry
Coins
Photo
Investment
Cutlery
3. PlasmaChem
Year 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Ag consumption
for electronic and
electric industries
worldwide (tons)
4.258 4.711 5.640 6.207 6.350 6.470
Price (in Mio. EUR) 809 895 1.072 1.179 1.185 1.224
Silver consumption for electric and
electronics industries worldwide
4. PlasmaChem
Silver and gold are noble,
silver has the highest conductivity
but ...
they have very poor mechanical properties
5. PlasmaChem Nanoparticles for co-Plating with Ag and Au
Composite coating
Alloy coating (e.g. Ag-Sb)
(not stable in time)
?
Ground metal
Integrated coating
7. PlasmaChem
Not all nanoparticles are the same.
Here is one example:
Gold plated with NanoDiamonds of two types
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Wear,mm
3
Nanodiamonds concentration, g/L
Standard ND (HNO3
purified)
DiamoGold (PlasmaChem GmbH)
8. PlasmaChem Method of synthesis is important
Production of raw material
Isolation and purification
of nanoparticles
impurities
15. PlasmaChem
Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)
was employed to analyze the distribution
and content of nanoparicles in the layer.
Nanoparticles are incorporated
uniformly through the plated layer
in both lateral and normal
directions.
0,0 2,5 5,0 7,5 10,0 12,5 15,0
100
1000
10000
100000
1000000
1E7
Countspersecond
Depth, micron
Al
Ag
Nanoparticles Distribution in Layer
16. PlasmaChem
Ag-ND Ag-Al2O3
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Ag-(N)Diamant
Eichprobe 0,01%
Eichprobe 1%
C/AgIntensität
C Konzentration, Gew.%
0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
Ag-(N)Al2
O3
Eichprobe, 1%
Eichprobe, 0,01%
Al/AgIntensität
Al Konzentration, Gew.%
C(C): 0,03 +- 0,01 Gew.% C(Al): 0,6 +- 0,1 Gew.%
Nanoparticles Content in Layer
The amount of nanoparticles in the plated metal is tiny
17. PlasmaChem Not the Composite Materials
Composite material contains a
large ammount of reinforcing
materials, which have different
properties from those of matrix,
alter its properties.
In our case amount of
nanoparticles is tiny. They
influence the structure of a metal
directly, reducing the crystal size of
the metal.
18. PlasmaChem
Silver / NanoDiamond Silver/Al2O3
• Optimization of nanoparticles synthesis
• Optimization of nanodiamonds purification
• Development of additives package
• Development of technological parameters
including electrolyte on-line control
• Final quality control of plated parts
Flute parts coated with
Silver-DiamoSilb
Industrial cases
19. PlasmaChem
Ni/P
+ PTFE
Ni
Watts
Ni/Fe Ni/P
Ni
Watts
+ ND
Ni Watts
+ SiC Ni/P
+ ND
Ni/P
+ SiC
Wear,
µm3/m
20´000 11´800 9´900 12´000 6´200
2´100 –
6´200
1´100 1´000
0,00
5000,00
10000,00
15000,00
20000,00
25000,00
Ni Ni + ND Ni + SiC Ni + PTFE Ni/Fe
Wear,µm³/m(taberabrasertest)
Ni-Phosphor
Ni Watts
Nanodiamonds and SiC in Nickel
20. PlasmaChem Conclusions
Successfully used for both industrial and decorative plating
Reduction of wear and friction by over 50%
Increase of hardness by ca. 35%
Nanoparticles change the metal matrix strongly, but the resulting
plated layer is not a classical composite material
Content of nanoparticles (and their consumption) is negligible
making the whole process very economical
Successfully used in electroplating facilities since 10 years