The document discusses the Pinner pyrimidine synthesis, a chemical reaction involving a strong base-promoted condensation of amidine and β-keto esters to form pyrimidines. It covers the historical context, highlighting the discovery and research into pyrimidines since 1884 and their occurrences in nature and synthetic forms. Additionally, it outlines the medicinal uses of pyrimidine derivatives as various therapeutic agents.

1. Pinner Pyrimidine
Synthesis
S.Maheen Abdul Rahman,
M. Pharm.,
Pharmaceutical chemistry,

2. .
Contents
 Introduction/Definition
 History
 Synthesis
 Mechanism
 Medicinal Uses

3. .
Introduction:
 The reaction is a strong base-promoted condensation
between a non-N-substituted amidine and a β- keto ester or
β-diketone to form a type of nitrogenous heterocycle
known as pyrimidine, thus it is referred to as the Pinner
condensation or Pinner Pyrimidine synthesis.

4. .
History and Occurrence
 The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as
substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including
the nucleotide such as
cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan.
 It is also found in many synthetic compounds such
as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine.
 The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner
who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl
acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name
“pyrimidin” in 1885.
 And some preparations of primidine was synthesized by Gabriel in
1900 and Whittaker in 1953 and Todd et al in 1943 syhthesized
derivatives of pyrimidine ( 4,5,6- triaminopyrimidine)

5. .
Synthesis

6. .
Mechanism

7. Medicinal Uses
 Condensed pyrimidine derivatives used as anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-
viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, anti-tubercula, anti-tumour, anti-
neoplastic, anti-malarial, diuretic, cardiovascular agents. Pyrimidine
compounds are also used as hypnotic drugs for the nervous system.
Drug molecule with Prymidine Skeleton
5-FU Stavudine Rosuvastatin

8. Thank You