Physical Education biomechanics of human movements in acquiring motor skills.

1. BLANCIA, CHRISTIAN
RABIKA, ASHLEY KIAN
DOCIL. JEDEAL FIRST

2. Biomechanics of human movement - is the study of how
mechanical principles and physics apply to the way our bodies
move. It explores how bones, muscles, joints, and other
structures work together to produce and control motion.
Biomechanics helps us understand the forces, torques, and
energy transfers involved in activities like walking, running,
jumping, and sports. This field is crucial for improving athletic
performance, designing ergonomic tools, and enhancing our
understanding of human physiology and rehabilitation.

3. Biomechanics is the field of study that combines principles of
biology and mechanics to analyze the structure and movement of
living organisms. It focuses on understanding how mechanical
forces and factors affect living systems, including humans,
animals, and plants. In the context of human biomechanics, it
investigates how our muscles, bones, joints, and other body
components function together to produce motion and maintain
stability. Biomechanics plays a crucial role in various fields, from
sports science and ergonomics to medicine and rehabilitation.

4. Joint anatomy and basic biomechanics are fundamental concepts
in understanding how our bodies move and function. Joints are
points where two or more bones come together, allowing for
movement and flexibility.
There are different types of joints, including:
-Synovial Joints
-Cartilaginous Joints
-Fibrous Joints

5. These are the most
common joints in the body
and include hinge joints
(e.g., elbow), ball-and-
socket joints (e.g., hip), and
pivot joints (e.g., neck).

6. These joints are connected
by cartilage and allow for
slight movement, such as
the joints between the
vertebrae in the spine.

7. These joints are connected
by fibrous tissue and
provide little to no
movement, like the sutures
in the skull.

8. Biomechanics, on the other hand, is the
study of the mechanical aspects of living
organisms, including how forces affect our
bodies and how muscles, bones, and
joints work together to produce movement.
Key concepts in biomechanics related to
joints include:
-Range of motion(ROM)
-Muscle Contraction
-Forces and Torques
-Joint Stability
-Joint lubrication

9. Understanding joint anatomy and biomechanics is
essential for healthcare professionals, athletes, and
anyone interested in optimizing physical
performance, preventing injuries, or managing
musculoskeletal conditions. If you have specific
questions or need more detailed information about a
particular aspect of joint anatomy or biomechanics,
please feel free to ask.

10. The extent to which a joint can move in
various directions, such as flexion
(bending), extension (straightening),
abduction (moving away from the body),
and adduction (moving toward the body).

11. Muscles attach to bones via tendons and
contract to produce movement. This
contraction can be concentric (shortening),
eccentric (lengthening), or isometric
(static).

12. Biomechanics explores how forces and
torques (rotational forces) impact joint
stability and movement.

13. Ligaments, tendons, and surrounding
tissues play a crucial role in stabilizing
joints and preventing injury.

14. Synovial joints are lubricated by synovial
fluid, which reduces friction and allows for
smooth movement.

15. -Newton's Laws of Motion
Understanding joint anatomy and biomechanics is
essential for healthcare professionals, athletes, and
anyone interested in optimizing physical performance,
preventing injuries, or managing musculoskeletal
conditions. If you have specific questions or need more
detailed information about a particular aspect of joint
anatomy or biomechanics, please feel free to ask.
-Biological Tissues
-Joint Mechanics
-Muscle Mechanics
-Gait Analysis
-Biomechanical
Models
-Biomechanics in Sports
-Medical Applications
-Biomechanics in Ergonomics
-Research Tools
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMECHANICS

16. Newton's Laws of Motion:
Biomechanics often relies on Newton's
three laws to describe how forces
affect motion in biological systems.
Biological Tissues: Understanding the
mechanical properties of tissues like
bone, muscle, and cartilage is crucial
for biomechanics. These properties
include elasticity, stiffness, and
strength.
Joint Mechanics: Biomechanics
analyzes how joints function,
considering factors like range of
motion, stability, and the forces acting
on them.
Muscle Mechanics: Muscle contraction
and force generation play a central
role in biomechanics, with parameters
like muscle length and contraction
velocity affecting performance.

17. Gait Analysis: Biomechanists often
study human and animal movements,
known as gait analysis, to understand
walking, running, and other forms of
locomotion.
Biomechanical Models: These
mathematical models help simulate
and predict the behavior of biological
systems under various conditions.
Biomechanics in Sports: Biomechanics
is applied to sports performance,
helping athletes optimize techniques
and prevent injuries.
Medical Applications: Biomechanics is
used in medical fields to design
prosthetics, orthopedic devices, and
assess injury mechanisms.

18. Biomechanics in Ergonomics: It's also
important for designing tools,
equipment, and workspaces that are
safe and efficient for humans to use.
Research Tools: Biomechanists use
instruments like force plates, motion
capture systems, and computer
simulations to gather data and analyze
movement.
These fundamentals serve as the foundation for
exploring the mechanical aspects of living
organisms and their interactions with the
environment.

19. Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia):
This law states that an object will
remain at rest or in uniform motion in
a straight line unless acted upon by
an external, unbalanced force. In
other words, objects tend to maintain
their current state of motion (either at
rest or moving at a constant velocity)
unless a force changes that state.
Newton's Second Law (Law of
Acceleration):
This law defines the relationship
between the force applied to an object,
its mass, and the resulting
acceleration. It can be expressed as
the equation F = ma, where F is the
force applied to an object, m is its
mass, and a is the resulting
acceleration. This law essentially
explains how the velocity of an object
changes when a force is applied to it.
Newton's Third Law (Action-
Reaction Law):
This law states that for every
action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction. In other words,
when one object exerts a force on
a second object, the second object
exerts an equal force in the
opposite direction on the first
object. This law is often
summarized with the phrase "For
every action, there is an equal and
opposite reaction."
These three laws of motion, formulated by Sir Isaac Newton,
are fundamental principles in physics and provide the
foundation for understanding how objects move and interact
with forces in the physical world.

20. Kinematic and kinetic analysis are
two fundamental approaches used in
the study of motion, often applied in
the fields of biomechanics,
engineering, and sports science.

21. Kinematic Analysis: This involves the study of motion
without considering the forces causing that motion. Key
aspects of kinematic analysis include:
Position: Determining the location of an object or body part at
various points in time. Velocity: Examining how fast an object
is moving and in what direction. Acceleration: Analyzing
changes in velocity over time.

22. Kinetic Analysis: This involves the study of the forces that
cause or influence motion. Key aspects of kinetic analysis
include:
Force: Examining the forces acting on an object or body part.
Torque: Analyzing the rotational forces that affect angular motion. Work
and Energy: Understanding how forces and motion relate to the energy
expended or gained.
Momentum: Investigating the motion of objects in terms of their mass and
velocity. Kinetic analysis is crucial for assessing the mechanical aspects
of motion, such as how forces impact performance or injury risk.

23. In practical applications, these two analyses often go hand in hand. For instance, in sports
biomechanics, kinematic analysis might track an athlete's joint angles and body positions
during a movement, while kinetic analysis could assess the forces generated by muscles
and their impact on performance or injury prevention. Together, these analyses provide a
comprehensive understanding of motion.
In conclusion, Kinematic analysis deals with describing motion, while
kinetic analysis deals with understanding the forces that drive motion.
They complement each other, and together, they provide a
comprehensive understanding of how objects or bodies move.

24. Biomechanical factors play a crucial role in skill
development in various sports and activities.
Here are some key biomechanical factors along with
examples:

25. Force Production: The
ability to generate force is
essential in sports like
weightlifting or sprinting,
where athletes need to
exert maximal force to
achieve their goals.
Leverage: Understanding
leverage is critical in
activities like rock
climbing, where climbers
use their body position
and equipment to
maximize their reach and
minimize effort.
Balance: Maintaining
balance is crucial in
activities such as
gymnastics, yoga, or even
skateboarding, where
precise control of body
position is required.

26. Timing: Timing is crucial in
sports like tennis, golf, or
baseball, where athletes
need to coordinate the
movement of their body
and equipment to achieve
optimal performance.
Range of Motion:
Flexibility and joint range
of motion are essential in
activities like ballet,
martial arts, and figure
skating, where athletes
need to achieve specific
body positions or
movements.
Biomechanical Efficiency:
In activities like cycling or
swimming, optimizing the
biomechanics of motion
can improve efficiency
and reduce energy
expenditure.

27. Velocity: In sports like
track and field, baseball,
or cricket, understanding
how to generate and
control velocity is
essential for success.
Angular Momentum:
Gymnasts and divers, for
example, use angular
momentum to perform
somersaults and twists in
the air, controlling their
body's rotation.
Center of Mass:
Understanding and
controlling the location of
the center of mass is
crucial in sports like
skiing, where athletes
need to maintain stability
while descending steep
slopes.

28. Footwork: Footwork is
essential in sports such as
soccer, basketball, and
martial arts, where
athletes need precise foot
positioning and movement
for agility and balance.
These biomechanical factors are often
studied and refined by athletes and
coaches to improve performance and
prevent injuries in various sports and
physical activities.

29. For Listening!