PHOTOSYNTHESIS PROCESS

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PHOTONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chlorophyll (the photosynthetic pigment) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Absorption Spectrums Absorption spectrums are graphs that plot a pigment’s light absorption vs. wavelength Absorption spectrum of chlorophyll **Remember: Green wavelengths are between ~ 475 and 600 nm

Action spectrums A. Action spectrums tell you how much photosynthesis is occurring at each wavelength B. Made by illuminating chloroplast with different wavelengths of light and then plotting wavelength against some measure of photosynthetic rate C. The photosynthetic rates could be measured by finding oxygen production, carbon dioxide absorption or light absorption ,[object Object]

Comparison of absorption and action spectra Absorption spectrum for chlorophyll Action spectrum for chlorophyll *Almost no absorption at green wavelengths *The photosynthetic rate is very low at green wavelengths

Light energy and water ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

General photosynthesis information ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Light Dependent Reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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6. The water is split into hydrogen ions, oxygen and electrons 7. Electrons are donated to PS II (GER) 8. Oxygen and hydrogen ions are byproducts 9. Oxygen is released to the atmosphere 10. The production of oxygen in photosynthesis is done by photolysis and requires sunlight

[object Object],[object Object],NADP + + H + + 2E - NADP + reductase NADPH ***Non-cyclic electron flow is responsible for generation of NADPH and ATP*** The purpose of NADPH and ATP production is to provide reducing power and chemical energy to drive the Calvin cycle (to make sugar)

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Assignment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Light-independent reactions (light not required) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Calvin cycle (more info.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Phases of the Calvin Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],3RuBP Rubisco 3CO 2 (a 5 carbon sugar) converts to a very unstable 6 carbon molecule that is immediately converted to 6 3-carbon molecules 6 glycerate-3-phosphate **For every RuBP and CO 2 pair, two three carbon molecules are formed 3RuBP + 3CO2 -> 6 glycerate-3-phosphate

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More on the Calvin Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Measuring Photosynthesis *can be done three ways ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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C. Increase in Biomass (measure the increase in sugar molecules) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Limiting Factors in Photosynthesis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The effect of light intensity on photosynthesis Rate of photosynthesis Light intensity

Rate of photosynthesis Carbon dioxide concentration The effect of carbon dioxide on photosynthesis *There is no photosynthesis when carbon dioxide is low *Carbon dioxide and photosynthesis are directly proportional *At high carbon dioxide concentrations photosynthesis plateaus

G. Temperature as a limiting factor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Rate of photosynthesis Temperature The effect of temperature on photosynthesis *As temperature increases so does the rate of photosynthesis *After the optimum temperature is surpassed the rate quickly falls

Review Questions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

PHOTOSYNTHESIS PROCESS

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS PROCESS