Philippine history lesson 3
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This document discusses the origins and pre-colonial government of the Filipino people. It describes early migration theories of the first inhabitants of the Philippines. It then outlines the structure of governance in early Filipino societies, including the barangay system with a datu as the leader. It details the social classes that existed, reasons for slavery, and some early legal codes like the Maragtas Code. The judicial system is also summarized, including trial by jury or trial by ordeals.
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Philippine history lesson 3
- 1. By: Vhonz Sugatan POWER School
- 6. Myths/Legend “Sprang out of the soil”
- 8. Myths/Legend “Magic of Ancient Alchemist”
- 11. Scientific Theory “Dawn Man Theory”
- 16. Scientific Theory “Indones” “5,000 to 6,000”
- 19. “Prior to the arrival of the Spaniards, the Filipinos had their own government.”
- 21. “Barangay”
- 23. “Balangay”
- 24. “Boat”
- 25. Sugbu
- 26. Mactan
- 27. Maynila
- 28. Vigan
- 34. DATU
- 37. DATU Legislator
- 38. Umalohokan
- 39. DATU Judge
- 41. DATU 1. Wisdom
- 42. DATU 2. Strength
- 43. DATU 3. Wealth
- 46. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFEDERTION
- 47. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFEDERTION 1. Mutual Protection
- 48. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFEDERTION 2. Marriage
- 49. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFEDERTION 2. Marriage
- 50. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFLICT
- 51. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFLICT 1. Maltreatment
- 52. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFLICT 2. Abduction of wife
- 53. Barangay Confederation REASON FOR BARANGAY CONFLICT 3. Insulting a Trader
- 54. Social Classes in the Barangay
- 55. Social Classes in the Barangay 1. The Nobility
- 56. Social Classes in the Barangay 2. The Freeman
- 57. Social Classes in the Barangay 3. The Slaves
- 58. Social Classes in the Barangay 1. The Nobility
- 59. Social Classes in the Barangay 2. The Freeman
- 60. Social Classes in the Barangay 2. The Freeman “Timawa”
- 61. Social Classes in the Barangay 3. The Slave
- 62. Social Classes in the Barangay 3. The Slave “Alipin”
- 63. Social Classes in the Barangay 3. The Slave Aliping namamahay
- 64. Social Classes in the Barangay 3. The Slave Aliping Saguiguilid
- 65. Social Classes in the Barangay Bisayan Slave 1. The Ayuey
- 66. Social Classes in the Barangay Bisayan Slave 2. The Tumaranpuk
- 67. Social Classes in the Barangay Bisayan Slave 3. The Tumatabang
- 69. Freedom of Slaves 1. Purchase
- 70. Freedom of Slaves 2. Marriage
- 71. Freedom of Slaves 3. Emancipation
- 73. Reason of Slavery 1. Birth
- 74. Reason of Slavery 2. Captivity in wars
- 75. Reason of Slavery 3. Debt
- 76. Reason of Slavery 3. Penalty for Crimes
- 77. The Barangay Laws 1.They were written on flimsy materials.
- 78. The Barangay Laws 2.Missionaries burned ancient manuscript.
- 79. The Barangay Laws 2.Missionaries burned ancient manuscript.
- 80. The Barangay Laws THE MARAGTAS CODE 1250 A.D Early Laws
- 81. The Barangay Laws THE KALANTIAW CODE 1433 A.D Early Laws
- 82. THE MAKING OF THE LAWS
- 83. THE MAKING OF THE LAWS “The Council of Elders”
- 84. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE 1. The Trial by Jury
- 85. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE 2. The Trial Ordeal
- 86. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE The Trial by Ordeal Lighted Candle
- 87. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE The Trial by Ordeal Dive in the River
- 88. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE The Trial by Ordeal Pick up a stone
- 89. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE THE OATH May the crocodile eat me.
- 90. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE THE OATH May the lighting strike me.
- 91. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE THE OATH May the sun kill me.
- 92. THE JUDICIAL PROCEDURE THE OATH May no woman love me.
Editor's Notes
- Where is the Filipino came from? Who is our great, great ancestors? There are some stories and history about Filipino Origins. We have myths, and scientific studies about our origins. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- And (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Let’s start to the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- According to some old stories The ancestors of the Filipinos (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- sprang out of the soil like wild plants. Some stories says that the Filipinos were (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Created by Sun. There is also a story, tells that the early Filipinos were produced from the base metals by the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- magic act of ancient alchemists (herbalists). There is also a well known stories of (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Malakas & Maganda But we also have (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- In this scientific theory, It’s include the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- In this scientific theory, It’s include the “Dawn Man” and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- the “Migration Theory” Let’s start to (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The cave-man, “dawn-Man” This type of man who was similar to the Java Man, Peking Man, and other Asian homo Sapiens of 250,000 years ago – this is the theory of H. Otley Beyer. The aboriginal pygmy group (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- or the Negritos, who came between 25,000 and 30,000 years ago. Negritos are dark skin, curly/kinky black hair and short in size. Then they were followed by the group of people called (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Indones are the Sea-faring tool-using group, who came about (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- 5,000 to 6,000 years ago. And then they were followed by (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Sea-faring more civilized group, who brought the Iron Age culture and introduced new industries like iron metal smiting, pottery-making, cloth-weaving by loom, and jewelry making. According to the scientist they were our ancestors. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Now guys I want you to think. What kind of society and government our ancestors have? According to George A. Malcom (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Long before Magellan arrive in the Philippines in 1521, the natives in this country had their own government. This government was called (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- barangay. Barangay – is the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Barangay – is the unit of government in Philippine antiquity time. The word Barangay is derived from the word (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Meaning (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Early Malayan immigrants, who reached the Philippines in boats applied the name barangay to their settlement. To commemorate their sailing days and to honor the sailboats which brought them to our shores. There were many barangays in pre-Spanish Philippines. Some barangays were big such as. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Sugbu (Cebu), (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Mactan, (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Maynila, and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Bigan (Vigan). A typical barangay contained 30 to 100 families. Each barangay was a state, for it had the four basic (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- elements of statehood. What are the different elements of statehoods? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Now guys, who is the leader of barangay government? The leader of barangay government is called (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- He was the (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Chief Executive The Datu has the responsibility to implement or execute the laws of the Barangay, written or unwritten. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Legislator During Barangay society, the Datu was the legislative authority. When a law is adopted, the Datu will commission services of barangay crier/announcer. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Inform the inhabitants about the enactment of new Barangay law (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Chief Judge He applies the law or adjudicates on cases brought before him by his people (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Military Commander of Barangay Kingdom Datu also wields the sword for having been granted the power of military. Datu is the commander of the Barangay armed forces. Now how a datu became a datu? Datu obtained his office through inheritance, that is, he inherited his position from his father. There were, however, other ways for a man to ascend to datuship as follows: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- He must possess with extreme wisdom (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- PHYSICAL STRENGHT and (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- WEALTH That is the qualities needed to become a datu. Whenever an old datu died without heir, any man in the barangay could be acclaimed as new datu. By virtue of his WISDOM, PHYSICAL POWER, and WEALTH. Barangay was a monarchy, with the DATU as the Monarch. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- It is a permanent union of political units for common action in relation to other units. In confederation, the Datus of the component Barangays retained their position. The wisest or the strongest among the Datus was recognized as the overlord or supreme ruler of the confederation. There are several (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- What are those reason?? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Mutual Protection against common enemies. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Marriage of Lakambini and Lakan. The oldest recorded confederation of the Philippines was the “Confederation of Madya-as” in Panay. It was formed in the middle of 13th century A.D. by the Bornean immigrants who purchase the island of Panay. It consisted of the settlement of Hantik (Antique), Aklan (Capiz), and Irong-Irong (Ilo-ilo). Under the overall rule of Datu Sumakwel, (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Our pre-Spanish independent Barangays had relation of peace and war. Some chiefs had friendship and communication with others. The Barangays concluded pacts of alliance and friendship. At times, war and quarrels broke out between Barangays. The main causes of barangay wars were: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- What are those reason? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Maltreatment of a man from another Barangay. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Abduction of the wife of a man by another man who was native of another Barangay. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- When a trader from one Barangay came to another Barangay for purpose of trade and was there insulted. Question Guys? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The people of the Barangay were divided into three social classes, namely: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The highest class in the Barangay consisted of the Noble, called Maharlika. They were the Datu, his family, relatives, and the rich and powerful families. The men bore the title of gat, which equivalent to the Spanish Don. The women called dayang, equivalent to the Spanish Doña. The princess of barangay was known as the lakambini and the prince, lakan. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Next to the Nobility were the Freeman a.k.a (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- TIMAWA. They were person who were born free and emancipated slaves. They owned houses, lands, jewelries, and other property. They accompanied the Datu in the wars or in fishing and hunting. Next is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The slaves constituted the lowest social class in the Barangay. They were called (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- They were called Alipin. Slaves were of two kinds, namely: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Aliping Namamahay Were not really slaves, but serfs. They could own property, could marry at will and could not be sold by their masters. Next is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Aliping Saguiguilid They are the real slave They could not own property, could not marry without the master’s consent, and can be sold anytime by their master. in ancient Bisayans, they have three kinds of slave, namely: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Ayuey Is the kind of slave who work all their time for their master. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Tumaranpuk Is the kind of slave who work one day for themselves and days for their master. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Tumatabang Is the kind of slave who work only when summoned by their master. A slave could easily obtain his freedom through the following means. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- A slave could secure his freedom by paying his master a certain amount of money for his release. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- A slave woman automatically became free by marrying a freeman. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Emancipation by the master A slave could be emancipated by his master as a reward for his long years of service & loyalty. Now what are the reason of slavery? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- By birth (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- By birth (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Captivity in wars (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- debt (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Penalty for crimes. Now guys. Our forefathers had both unwritten and written laws. Our unwritten laws were the customs and tradition of our race. Our written were promulgated by the Datus. Unfortunately, very little of our ancient written laws have been preserve. Because of two (2) reasons: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Like bark of a tree, leaves and bamboos (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The early Spanish missionaries burned many ancient manuscript in order to facilitate the Christianization.
- The early Spanish missionaries burned many ancient manuscript in order to facilitate the Christianization. Across the centuries two written codes of our ancestors have been fortunately preserve. That is (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Written by Datu Sumakwel. Now guys, how our ancestors create the law? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The law of Barangay were made by Datu with the help of elders (Maginoo). (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- All trials in pre-Spanish Philippine affecting either criminal or civil cases were held in public. there are two judicial processes during the barbaric society, these are: (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Trial by Jury The Datu is the chief judge while the Council of Elders acts as the Jurors. The jurors shall be the one to decide cases while the Datu shall be the one to promulgate the decision of the jury. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- The Trial Ordeal The word ORDEAL means test or painful process. (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- Pick up a stone in a container with boiling water. But before they do, those things they will pledge the oath What are they oath? (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- To our forefathers, their oath was sacred. Baranganic Government (1A.D – 1565) (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)
- We have a quiz next week guys!! (CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE)