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Philippine Envaironmental Impact System System. This my presentation in one of my subject Mining 103.. i tried my best just to finish this.. although this report did not cover all the sections in the PEISS.
Philippine Envaironmental Impact System System. This my presentation in one of my subject Mining 103.. i tried my best just to finish this.. although this report did not cover all the sections in the PEISS.
Describes Solid Waste Classification, Characteristics, Process, Treatment Methods, Disposal Methods, 3R Principles, Advantages and Limitation of each Disposal Method, Case Study of Indore City
This slide brings us to know about the Amendments of 2006 and 2009 in Environmental Impact Assessment. The draft EIA notification issued by the ministry and forests for amendment 2009. The process of amendment 2006 was well sketched in the presentation. Hope everyone would like this.
Describes Solid Waste Classification, Characteristics, Process, Treatment Methods, Disposal Methods, 3R Principles, Advantages and Limitation of each Disposal Method, Case Study of Indore City
This slide brings us to know about the Amendments of 2006 and 2009 in Environmental Impact Assessment. The draft EIA notification issued by the ministry and forests for amendment 2009. The process of amendment 2006 was well sketched in the presentation. Hope everyone would like this.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT (EPA)
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SCOPE AND COMMENCEMENT OF THE ACT
3. OBJECTIVES
4. POWER OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FOR MEASURES TO PROTECT AND IMPROVE THE ENVIRONMENT
5. POWER TO GIVE DIRECTION
6. THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RULES, 1986
7. PREVENTION, ABATEMENT AND CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
8. PROCEDURE FOR LEGAL PROCEEDING UNDER THE ACT
9. PENALTY FOR CONTRAVENTION OF RULES AND ORDERS OF THIS ACT
10. OFFENCES BY THE COMPANIES AND THE GOVERNMENTAL DEPARTMENTS
11. OFFENCES BY THE COMPANIES AND THE GOVERNMENTAL DEPARTMENTS
12. WHO CAN MAKE A COMPLAINT?
13. BARS TO JURISDICTION
14. CONCLUSION
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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2. The Republic Act of 6969
Toxic substances and Hazardous
Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990
AN ACT TO CONTROL TOXIC
SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS
NUCLEAR WASTES, PROVIDING
PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION THERE OF,
AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
3. SCOPE
This Act shall cover the importation,
manufacture, processing, handling,
storage, transportation, sale,
distribution, use and disposal of all
unregulated chemical substances and
mixtures in the Philippines.
4. POLICY
It is the policy of the State to
regulate, restrict or prohibit the
importation, manufacture, processing,
sale, distribution, use and siposal of
chemical substances and mixtures that
present unreasonable risk and / or
injury to health or the environment.
5. OBJECTIVES this acts aim to:
a. To keep an inventory of chemicals as
may be considered relevant to the
protection of health and the
environment;
6. b. To monitor and regulate the use and
disposal of chemical substances and
mixtures that present unreasonable
risk or injury to health or to the
environment in accordance with
national policies and international
commitments;
7. c. To inform and educate the populace
regarding the hazards and risks
attendant to manufacture, handling,
storage, transportation, processing,
distribution use and disposal of toxic
chemicals and other substances and
mixture; and
8. d. To prevent the entry, even in
transit, as well as the keeping or
storage and disposal of hazardous and
nuclear wastes into the country for
whatever purpose.
9. The Inter-Agency Technical
Advocacy Council
There is hereby created an Inter-
Agency Technical Advisory Council
attached to the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources; it
shall assist the DENR to create
pertinent rules and regulations related
to this act.
10. The Role of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources
The DENR is tasked to keep an
inventory of chemicals, test potential
hazardous substances, evaluate,
monitor, subpoena witnesses and
disseminate information.
11. Prohibition
Knowingly use a chemical substance or
mixture which is imported,
manufactured, processed or
distributed in violation of this Act.
12. Failure or refusal to submit
reports, notices or other
information, access to records
as required by this Act.
13. Cause, aid or facilitate, directly or
indirectly, in the storage, importation,
or bringing into Philippine territory,
including its maritime economic zones,
even in transit, either by means of
land, air or sea transportation or
otherwise keeping in storage any
amount of hazardous and nuclear
wastes in any part of the Philippines
14. Penalties
The penalty of imprisonment of six (6)
months and one day to six (6) years and
one day and a fine ranging from Six
Hundred Pesos (P 600.00) to Four
Thousand Pesos (P 4000.00) shall be
imposed upon any person who shall violate
section 13 (a) to (c) of this Act and shall
not be covered by the Probation Law.
15. Administrative Fines
In all cases of violations of this Act, including violations of
implementing rules and regulations which have been duly
promulgated and published in accordance with Section 16 of
this Act, the Secretary of Environment and Natural
Resources is hereby authorized to impose a fine of not less
than Ten Thousand Pesos
(P 10, 000.00), but not more than Fifty Thousand Pesos (P
50, 000.00) upon any person or entity found guilty thereof.
16. 2008 Roxas Amendment
“The penalties and fines provided for under the present RA
6969 are not commensurate to the gravity and seriousness
of the dangers that toxic substances and hazardous and
nuclear wastes bring to health and environment. It is
therefore, imperative that RA 6969 be amended to impose
stricter and stiffer penalties and fines in order to give
more teeth to the said law“
17.
18. SUBJECT:
AN ACT TO CONTROL TOXIC
SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS
AND NUCLEAR WASTE, PROVIDING
PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS
THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27. Sec. 2. Declaration of Policy.
.It is the policy of the State to regulate, restrict
or prohibit
The importation, manufacture, processing,
sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical
substances and mixtures that present
unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or
the environment;
.To prohibit the entry, even in transit, of
hazardous and nuclear wastes and their
disposal into the Philippine territorial limits
28.
29. Section 4. Construction
These Rules and Regulations shall be liberally construed
to carry out the national policy to regulate, restrict or
prohibit the importation, manufacture, processing, sale,
distribution, use and disposal of chemical substance
and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or
injury to health or the environment; to prohibit the
entry, even in transit, of hazardous and nuclear wastes
and their disposal into the Philippine territorial limits
for whatever purpose and to provide advancement and
facilitate research and studies on toxic chemicals and
hazardous and nuclear wastes.
30. Section 5. Administrative And Enforcement
These Rules and Regulations shall be administered
by the Secretary or his duly authorized
representative or through any other department,
bureau, office, agency, state university or college
and other instrumentalities of the government for
assistance in the form of personnel, facilities and
other resources as the need arises in the
discharge of its functions.
31. Section 6. Definitions
The following words and phrases when used in these Rules and
Regulations shall, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise,
have the following meanings:
1. "CAS" means Chemical Abstracts Service, a uniquely
identifying number of adopted internationally which permits
one to generate toxicological information from a computer
base.
2. "Chemical Substance" means any organic or inorganic
substance of a particular molecular identity excluding
radioactive materials and includes – any element or
uncombined chemical; and any combination of such
substances; or any mixture of two or more chemical
substances.
32. 3. "Chemical mixture" means any combination of two or more
chemical substances if the combination does not occur in nature and
is not, in whole or in the past, the result of chemical reaction, if none
of the chemical substances and if the combination could have been
manufactured for commercial purposes without a chemical reaction
at the time the chemical substances comprising the combination
were combined. This shall include nonbiodegradable mixtures.
4. "Department" means the Department of Environment and Natural
Resources.
5. "Environmental Protection Officer" means an officer appointed or
deputized by the Secretary to execute the provisions of these Rules
and Regulations subject to conditions, limitations or restrictions as
prescribed by the Secretary.
33. 6. "Hazardous substances" are substances which present either:
a. short-term acute hazards such as acute toxicity by ingestion,
inhalation or skin absorption, corrosivity or other skin or eye
contact hazard or the risk of fire or explosion;
b. long-term environmental hazards, including chronic toxicity
upon repeated exposure, carcinogenicity (which may in some
case result from acute exposure but with a long latent period,
resistance to detoxification process such as biodegradation, the
potential to pollute underground or surface waters, or
aesthetically objectionable properties such as offensive odors.
34. 7. "Hazardous wastes" are substances that are without any safe
commercial, industrial, agricultural or economic usage and are
shipped, transported or brought from the country of origin for
dumping or disposal into or in transit through any part of the
territory of the Philippines.
8. Importation means the entry of a product or substance into
the Philippines (through the seaports or airports of entry) after
having been properly cleared through or remaining under
customs control, the product or substance of which is intended
for direct consumption, merchandising, warehousing, for
further processing.
35. 9. "Inert waste" means any waste that, when placed
in a landfill is reasonably expected not to undergo
any physical, chemical, and/or biological changes to
such an extent as to cause pollution or hazard to
public health and safety.
10. "New Chemicals" means any chemical substance
imported into or manufactured in the country after
December 31, 1993 and which are not included in the
Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical
Substances as published by the Department.
36. 11. Nuclear wastes are hazardous wastes made radioactive by
exposure to the radiation incidental to the production or
utilization of nuclear fuels but does not include nuclear fuel, or
radioisotopes which have reached the final stage of fabrication
to be usable for any scientific, medical, agricultural, commercial,
or industrial purpose.
12. Manufacture means the mechanical or chemical
transformation of substances into new products whether work is
performed by power-driven machines or by hand, whether it is
done in a factory or in the worker’s home, and whether the
products are sold at wholesale or retail.
13. "Occupier" is one who must have a license to accept,
produce, generate, store, treat, recycle, reprocess, process,
manufacture or dispose of hazardous waste.
37. 14. "Permit" means a legal authorization to engage in
or conduct any or all of the following activities for:
a.Toxic chemicals – importation, storage, manufacture,
processing, selling, transport and disposal
b. Hazardous wastes – storage, treatment, transport,
export, processing, reprocessing, recycling and disposal
c. Hazardous materials – importation or exportation
38. 15. "Person" or "persons" includes any being, natural or
juridical, susceptible of rights and obligations or of being the
subject of legal relations.
16. "Pollution" means any alteration of the physical, chemical,
biological properties of any water, air and/or and resource of
the Philippines, or any discharge thereto of any liquid, gaseous
or solid waste, or any production of unnecessary noise, or any
emission of objectionable odor, as will or is likely to create or to
render such water, air and/or land resources harmful,
detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or welfare, or
which will adversely affect their utilization for domestic,
industrial, agricultural, recreational or other legitimate
purposes.
39. 17. "Premises" shall include but not limited to:
a. building or part of a building;
b. a tent, stall or other structure whether permanent or
temporary;
c. land; d. vehicle;
e. boat or ship
18. Process means the preparation of a chemical substance or
mixture after its manufacture for commercial distribution:
i. In the same form or physical state or in a different form or
physical state from that which it was received by the person
so preparing such substance or mixture; or
ii. ii. As part of an article containing a chemical substance or
mixture.
40. 19. "Secretary" means the Secretary of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources.
20. "Transport" includes conveyance by air, water and land.
21. "Waste generator" means a person who generates or
produces, through any commercial, industrial or trade activities,
hazardous wastes.
22. "Wastewater transporter" means a person who is licensed
to treat, store, recycle, or dispose of hazardous wastes.
23. "Waste treater" means a person who is licensed to treat,
store, recycle, or dispose of hazardous wastes.
24. "Unreasonable risk" means expected high frequency of
undesirable effects or adverse responses arising from a given
exposure to a substance.
