In the wake of Bhopal tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA) under article 253 of the constitution. The purpose of the Act is to act as an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a frame work for Central government co-ordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as Water Act & Air Act. The potential scope of the Act is broad, with “environment” defined to include water, air and land and the inter-relationships which exist among water, air and land, and human beings and other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property. Environment protection rules were also enacted as a corollary to this Act.
Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974SURYAKANTVERMA2
AnActtoprovideforthepreventionandcontrolofwaterpollutionandthemaintainingorrestoringofwholesomenessofwater,for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the purposes aforesaid, of Boards for the prevention and control of water pollution,forconferringonandassigningtosuchBoardspowersandfunctionsrelatingtheretoandformattersconnectedtherewith.
In this presentation Environmental laws of India has been described. It contains Wildlife act, Water act, Forest conversation act, Protection act, Air act and ISO 14000 environment standards.
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
In the wake of Bhopal tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (EPA) under article 253 of the constitution. The purpose of the Act is to act as an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a frame work for Central government co-ordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as Water Act & Air Act. The potential scope of the Act is broad, with “environment” defined to include water, air and land and the inter-relationships which exist among water, air and land, and human beings and other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms and property. Environment protection rules were also enacted as a corollary to this Act.
Water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974SURYAKANTVERMA2
AnActtoprovideforthepreventionandcontrolofwaterpollutionandthemaintainingorrestoringofwholesomenessofwater,for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the purposes aforesaid, of Boards for the prevention and control of water pollution,forconferringonandassigningtosuchBoardspowersandfunctionsrelatingtheretoandformattersconnectedtherewith.
In this presentation Environmental laws of India has been described. It contains Wildlife act, Water act, Forest conversation act, Protection act, Air act and ISO 14000 environment standards.
I’m professional presentation maker . These presentations are for sale for 20$ each, if required you can contact me on my gmail id bestpptmaker@gmail.com and you can also suggest me topics for your required presentations
The powerpoint presentation deals with the latest amendments in National Green Tribunal Act by the Finance Act, 2017 and critically analyzing some of the important aspects of the Act.
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment is also known as Stockholm Conference and marked as a turning point in the development of international environmental politics.
It was the UN’s first major conference on international environmental issues.
The meeting agreed upon a Declaration
Containing 26 Principles
An Action plan containing 109 Recommendations
A Resolution on institutional and financial arrangements
This was the first step toward “ Sustainability Revolution
The powerpoint presentation deals with the latest amendments in National Green Tribunal Act by the Finance Act, 2017 and critically analyzing some of the important aspects of the Act.
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment is also known as Stockholm Conference and marked as a turning point in the development of international environmental politics.
It was the UN’s first major conference on international environmental issues.
The meeting agreed upon a Declaration
Containing 26 Principles
An Action plan containing 109 Recommendations
A Resolution on institutional and financial arrangements
This was the first step toward “ Sustainability Revolution
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT (EPA)
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SCOPE AND COMMENCEMENT OF THE ACT
3. OBJECTIVES
4. POWER OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT FOR MEASURES TO PROTECT AND IMPROVE THE ENVIRONMENT
5. POWER TO GIVE DIRECTION
6. THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RULES, 1986
7. PREVENTION, ABATEMENT AND CONTROL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
8. PROCEDURE FOR LEGAL PROCEEDING UNDER THE ACT
9. PENALTY FOR CONTRAVENTION OF RULES AND ORDERS OF THIS ACT
10. OFFENCES BY THE COMPANIES AND THE GOVERNMENTAL DEPARTMENTS
11. OFFENCES BY THE COMPANIES AND THE GOVERNMENTAL DEPARTMENTS
12. WHO CAN MAKE A COMPLAINT?
13. BARS TO JURISDICTION
14. CONCLUSION
Environment Protection Act, 1986 and legislationManisha Rumba
Environment Protection Act 1986 is an act made to protect our environment from all types of pollution and dangerous hazards by making rules and enacting them accordingly.
The Environment Protection Act (EPA) came into force after the Bhopal gas Tragedy of union carbide chemical company and it is considered as Umbrella Legislation designed to provide framework for Central and State Government.
Regulation and policy incentives for innovations in industrial effluents mana...ILRI
Presented by Emmanuel Malifu, AAU, at the Bioinnovate Regional Experts Workshop on Industrial Effluents Management in East Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 19-20 May 2014
Christopher Charles Benninger, Indian architectDivya Suresh
ARCHITECTURE TO HIM?
“architecture is a curious craft !”
“one structure may follow all the laws of design ,yet be worth less ,while still another may beak all the principles and be profound !”
“A building may be bad without doing anything wrong ,yet another work may have to sin against architecture to reach perfection .”
Palm Islands, Island in the United Arab EmiratesDivya Suresh
Palm Islands are three artificial islands, Palm Jumeirah, Deira Island and Palm Jebel Ali, on the coast of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Creation of the islands started in 2001. As of November 2011, only Palm Jumeirah has been completed. This island takes the form of a palm tree, topped by a crescent.
Roberto Burle Marx was a Brazilian landscape architect whose designs of parks and gardens made him world-famous. He is accredited with having introduced modernist landscape architecture to Brazil. He was known as a modern nature artist and a public urban space designer.
Bharat Bhavan is an autonomous multi-arts complex and museum in Bhopal, India, established and funded by the Government of Madhya Pradesh. The architect of Bhavan is Charles Correa.
Colour is a phenomenon of light.
Colour induces different feelings in individuals according to the environment.
Colour alters the appearance of object.
Colour is one of the most powerful of elements and has tremendous expressive qualities.
are horizontal elements of building structures which divide building into different levels for the purpose of creating more accommodation with in the restricted space, one above the other and also provide support to the occupants, furniture and equipment of a building.
ULSOOR - DETERMINATION OF CITY (KEVIN LYNCH ANALYSIS)Divya Suresh
ULSOOR - DETERMINATION OF CITY (KEVIN LYNCH ANALYSIS)
Ulsoor, or Halasuru, is one of the oldest neighbourhoods in the city of Bangalore. It is located in central Bangalore, and begins roughly near the eastern terminus of MG Road. It is renowned for its numerous temples and rather narrow streets.
Ulsoor, or Halasuru, is one of the oldest neighbourhoods in the city of Bangalore. It is located in central Bangalore, and begins roughly near the eastern terminus of MG Road. It is renowned for its numerous temples and rather narrow streets.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
1. THE ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION)
ACT, 1986
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, FORESTS & WILDLIFE
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NEW DELHI
BY,
S.DIVYA
2. The Environment (Protection) Act 1986 was introduced after
the Bhopal gas tragedy during Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime
Minister of our country.
The Act came into force on Nov. 19, 1986 and
extends to the whole of India.
Implementation and the preservation of hazards to
human beings, other living things and property.
Enacted by Parliament in the 37th year of Republic of India.
United Nation Conference
the Human Environment held at Stockholm in June,
1972
3. 1) Preliminary
2) General powers of the central government
3) Prevention, control and abatement of Environmental
pollution
4) Miscellaneous
The Environmental act, 1986 has 26 sections and it has been divided into
four chapters relating to:
SCHEME OF THE ACT
4. PRELIMINARY
SHORT TITLES, EXTENT AND COMMENCEMENT
The environmental protection act(1986) enacted under the article 253 of the Indian
constitution.
To protect and improve environmental quality, control and reduce pollution
1. The act may be called as Environmental(protection) Act,1986
2. It extends to whole of India
3. Central government may by notification in the official gazette, appoint and
different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this act for different
areas
CHAPTER 1
5. • “Environment" includes water, air and land and the inter- relationship which exists among and
between water, air and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and
property.” [S-2(a)]
• “Environmental Pollutant" means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such
concentration as may be, or tend to be, injurious to environment.[S-2(b)]
• "Environmental Pollution" means the presence of any environmental pollutant in the environment.[S-
2(c)]
• ''Handling'' In relation to any substance, it means the manufacturing, processing, treatment,
packaging, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering for sale, etc.
• “Hazardous substance” means any substance or preprations which, by reason of its chemical or
physicochemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living
creatures, plant, micro organism, property or the environment;
• ''Occupier'' It means a person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the premises, and
includes, in relation to any substance, the person in possession of the substance
• ''Prescribed'' means prescribed by rules made under this act.
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
DEFINATIONS
6. GENERAL POWERS OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
To make rules to regulate environmental pollution; To notify standards andmaximum limits of pollutants of air, water, and
soil for various areas andpurposes; Prohibition and restriction on the handling of hazardoussubstances, and location of
industries (Sections 3-6).
-Take all necessary measures for environment protection.
-Coordinate the actions of State Governments
-Lay down standards of environment quality and pollutants.
-Execute nationwide programmes.
-Restriction of areas for industries, etc.
-Inspecting industrial premises,
Preparation of manuals, codes or guides
The Central Government may appoint
officers and entrust them with such
powers and functions as it may deem fit.
CHAPTER 2
7. - the standards of quality of air, water or soil
- the maximum allowable limits of pollutants
- the procedures for the handling of hazardous substances
- the prohibition and restriction on the location of industries
- the procedures and safeguards for the prevention of accidents
CHAPTER 2
GENERAL POWERS OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
8. PREVENTION, CONTROL AND ABATEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
• Under sec (7):persons carrying industry , operation etc. not to allow emission discharge of pollutants in excess of standards
• Under sec(8):persons handling hazardous substances must comply with procedural safeguards
• Monitoring authority can carry out inspections. (S-10)
• Power to take samples (As per prescribed procedure). (S-11)
• Samples are tested in environmental laboratories. (S-12)
CHAPTER 3
9. PREVENTION, CONTROL AND ABATEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
The Central Government has the power to take all such measures as it deems necessary forthe purpose of protecting and
improving the quality of environment and preventing,controlling and abating environmental pollution. Such measures
may include:
Co-ordination of actions by the State Government officers and other authorities under thisact or under any law.
Planning and execution of nation- wide programmes for the prevention, control andabatement of environmental pollution.
– Laying down standards for the quality of environment in the various aspects.
– Laying down standards for the emission or discharge of environmental pollutants.
– Restriction of areas in which any industry, operation or process shall be carried out.
– Laying down procedures and safeguards for handling of hazardous substances.
– Examination of manufacturing processes, materials and substances which are likely tocause environmental
protection.
– Carrying out and sponsoring investigations and research relating to problems ofenvironmental pollution.
– Establishment and recognition of environmental laboratories.
– Such other matters as the Central Government may deem necessary of the purposes ofsecuring effective
implementation of this Act.
Under section 3(3), the Central Government may constitute an “authority” or “authorities”to exercise powers and
perform functions as mentioned above.
CHAPTER 3
10. MISCELLANEOUS
PENALTIES
• One of the objectives of EPA is to provide for deterrent punishmentto those who endanger human environment, safety
and health.
• Sec 15 of the EPA provides that any person who fails to comply orcontravenes any of the provisions of the Act, or the rules
made ororders or directions issued under the act or rules, then for suchfailure or contravention, he shall be punishable:-
a) With imprisonment for a term which may extend to 5 years,
b) With fine which may extend to one lakh rupees,
c) With both.
• In case the failure or contravention continues after the conviction forfirst failure or contravention, an additional fine which
may extend tofive thousand for every day can be imposed for a period during whichfailure or contravention continues.
• If the failure or contravention continues beyond a period of one yearafter conviction, the offender shall be punishable with
imprisonmentfor a term which may extend to seven years.
CHAPTER 4
11. MISCELLANEOUS
OFFENCES
• Sec 16 of EPA incorporates the principle of “vicarious liability” of the personincharge , Director, Manager, Secretary or
other officer, for the offence ifcommitted by the company.
• When any offence is committed by the company then the company as wellas the person directly incharge of and
responsible for the conduct of thebusiness of the company shall be deemed to be liable to punishment.
• However, the person incharge of responsible for the conduct of business ofthe company is no held liable if he proves:
a) That the offence was committed without his knowledge,
b) That he exercised all due diligence/ care to prevent the commission ofsuch offence.
• In Suo Motu v. Vatva Industries Asson,it was held that the pollution controlboard and its officers are free and competent to
take action against anyperson on violating any provisions of the environmental laws. They neednot wait for any direction of
the court for taking action under the law.
CHAPTER 4
12. WHO CAN MAKE THE COMPLAINT?
A complaint under this act can be made by:
• a) The central govt. or any other authority by thatgovt. or,
• b) Any person who has given notice of not less than60 days of the alleged offence and of his intentionto make complaint to
the Central Govt. or theauthorized officer.
13. CONCLUSION
• In conclusion, environment pollution are affecting not only individual but also entire countries all over the world. The
awareness towards improving the quality of environmenthas increased substantially and all efforts are being made at
different levels to minimizeenvironmental pollution and thus help in improving the quality of life.
• Management of environment means the proper utilization, conservation preservation,control and recycling of the
resources for maintaining a balanced ecosystems. The mainfocus of environment management is, thus, to avoid the over-
use, misuse and abuse of thenatural resources.
• The effective environmental management is the optimum allocation of finite resourcesamong the various possible uses
and it has to be based on scientific and technologicalapproach which takes full note of socioeconomic parameters and
compulsions.
• Environmental management is an inter disciplinary approach to resource conservation and itacts as a regulatory force
on human wantonness in resource wasting.
• India is a “soft State” . It has excellent environmental laws, but politics and/or corruptionprevent their effective
implementation. The result has been disastrous for our environmentand hence for the economy too, as we are now
seeing