Reviewer for cardiovascular agents gastrointestinal agents reproductive system endocrine system psychotropic agents

1. Avoid driving a motor vehicle
until stabilized on the drug
A patient tells the nurse that he has started to take a over the
counter antihistamine, diphenhydramine. In teaching about side
effects, what is most important for the nurse to tell the patient?
pharyngitis A patient complains of sore throat and has been told its due to
beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. The nurse anticipates that
the patient has which acute conditions
Limit the use of drug to 5- 7
days to prevent rebound
congestion
A patient is prescribed the decongestant oxymetazoline nasal
spray. What will the nurse teach the patient
Loosen bronchial secretions so
coughing can eliminate them
A patient has been prescribed guaifenesin (robitussin). The nurse
understands that the purpose of the drug is to accomplish what?
With continuous use, dryness of
the nasal mucosa/lining may
occur
Beclomethasone has been prescribed for a patient with allergic
rhinitis. What should the nurse teach the patient regarding this
medication
 It is delivered as a dry
powdered inhaler
 It is taken as one puff two
times a day
 It promotes bronchodilation
An Advair diskus, fluticasone propionate (Flonase) and salmeterol
(serevent) 100 mcg/50 mcg, is ordered for a patient with copd.
What does the nurse know about this medication
Epinephrine (adrenalin) A patient with COPD has an acute bronchospasm. The nurse
anticipated that the health care provider will prescribe which
medication
Increased heart rate A patient is prescribed aminophylline-theophylline. For that adverse
effect should the nurse monitor the patient
Notify the health care provider
of the level
A patient is receiving IV aminophylline. The nurse checks the
patient’s lab values. The serum theophylline level is 32 mcg/ml.
what action should the nurse take?
Maintenance treatment of
asthma
A patient with COPD is taking leukotriene antagonist, montelukast
(singulair). The nurse is aware that this medication is given for
which purpose?
Continue to assess the patient's
oxygenation.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a theophylline level of 14
mcg/mL. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Absence of peripheral edema The patient is receiving digoxin for treatment of heart failure. Which

2. finding would suggest to the nurse that heart failure is improving?
It is in the high elevated range The patient’s serum digoxin level is 3.0mg/ml. what does the nurse
know about this serum digoxin level?
Apical pulse of 48 beats/ min
and irregular rate
The nurse is assessing a patient for possible evidence of digitalis
toxicity. The nurse acknowledges that which is included in the signs
and symptoms of digitalis toxicity?
Increase serum digoxin
sensitivity level
A patient is taking a potassium-depleting diuretic and digoxin. The
nurse expects that a low potassium level (hypokalemia) could have
what effect on digoxin (lanoxin)
headaches A patient takes an initial dose of a nitrate. Which symptoms will the
nurse expects to occur
Decrease HR and myocardial
contractility
A patient is prescribed a beta blocker. The nurse acknowledges
that beta blockers are as effective as antianginals because they do
what
The beta blocker should not be
abruptly stopped; the dose
should be tapered down
The health care provider is planning to discontinue a patient’s beta
blocker. Which instruction will the nurse give the patient regarding
the beta blocker?
Block beta1-adrenergic
receptors in cardiac tissues
The beta blocker acebutolol is prescribed for dysrhythmias. The
nurse knows that what is the primary purpose of the drug
 Have patient sit or lie down
when taking a nitroglycerin
sublingual tablet
 Teach patient who has
taken a tablet to call 911 in
5 min if chest pain persists
 Warn patient against
ingesting alcohol while
taking nitroglycerin
A patient who has angina is prescribed nitroglycerin. Which are
appropriate nursing interventions for nitroglycerin?
hypokalemia A patient is taking hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 50 mg/day and
digoxin ((lanoxin) 0.25 mg/day. The nurse plans to monitor the
patient for which potential electrolyte imbalance?
 Administer ordered
potassium supplements
The nurse knows that which statement is correct regarding nursing
care of a patient receiving hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

3.  Monitor serum potassium
and uric acid levels
 Assess bp before
administration
 Notify health care provider if
patient has had oliguria for
24 hours
RR decreases from 28/min to
20/min and the depth
decreases
A patient has heart failure, and a high dose of furosemide (Lasix) is
ordered. What suggests a favorable response to Lasix?
Decrease intracranial pressure What does the nurse know to be correct concerning the use of
mannitol (osmitrol) in patients?
Assess bp before
administration
What should the nurse do when a patient is taking furosemide
(Lasix)
To increase serum potassium
level
For the patient taking a diuretic, a combination such as triamterene
and hydrochlorothiazide may be prescribed. The nurse realizes that
this combination is ordered for which purpose?
hyperkalemia The patient has been receiving spironolactone (aldactone) 50
mg/day for heart failure. The nurse should closely monitor the
patient for which condition?
 Stress reduction techniques
 Starting an exercise
program
 Salt restriction
 Smoking cessation
A patient’s bp is 130/84. The health care provider plans to suggest
nonpharmacologic methods for the patient. Which should the nurse
include in teaching?
BETA blockers and ACE
inhibitors
An African-american patient has developed hypertension. The
nurse is aware that which groups of antihypertensive drugs are less
effective in African-american patients
Hydrochlorothiazide The nurse knows that which diuretic is most frequently combined
with an antihypertensive drug
Apical pulse The nurse is administering a beta blocker to a patient. Which is an
important assessment to perform before administration?
Constant, irritating cough Captopril (capoten) has been ordered for a patient. The nurse
teaches the patient that angiotensin-converting enzyme ACE

4. inhibitors have which common side effects?
Blocking angiotensin II from
AT1 receptors
A patient is prescribed losartan (Cozaar). The nurse teaches the
patient that an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) acts by doing
what?
 Dizziness
 Headache
 Ankle edema
During an admission assessment, a patient states that she takes
amlodipine (Norvasc). The nurse wishes to determine whether the
patient has any common side effects of a calcium channel blocker.
The nurse asks the patient if she has which signs and symptoms?
Tachycardia In discharge teaching, the nurse will emphasize to a patient receiving a
beta-agonist bronchodilator the importance of reporting which side
effect?
St. john’s wort What over-the-counter product will the nurse instruct the patient to avoid
when taking montelukast?
Monitoring patient for
potential chest pain
The patient is taking a nonselective adrenergic agonist bronchodilator
and has a history of coronary artery disease. What is a priority nursing
intervention?
"This medication will
prevent the inflammation
that causes your asthma
attack."
The nurse will include which information regarding the use of
antileukotriene agents such as zafirlukast in the patient teaching?
Administering a beta2
adrenergic agonist
A patient with a history of asthma is short of breath and says, "I feel like
I'm having an asthma attack." What is the nurse's highest priority
action?
Monitoring for heart rate
>100 beats/min
A patient has taken metaproterenol. What is the nurse's priority action?
Teach the child to use a
spacer.
The nurse is caring for a child who has been prescribed an inhaler for
asthma control. The child is having difficulty using the inhaler. What will
the nurse do?
The patient with atrial
fibrillation with a rate of
100
The nurse is caring for multiple patients on the pulmonary unit. The
nurse would question the administration of prescribed epinephrine to
which patient?
Administer the albuterol, The health care provider orders ipratropium bromide, albuterol, and

5. wait 5 min, administer
ipratropium bromide, then
beclomethasone several
minutes later.
beclomethasone inhalers for a patient. What is the nurse's best action?
"Hold your breath for 10
seconds if you can after
you inhale the medication."
Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient about
the proper use of metered-dose inhalers?
Liquefying and loosening
of bronchial secretions
What will the nurse expect to find that would indicate a therapeutic
effect of acetylcysteine?
Take the ipratropium at
least 5 min before the
cromolyn.
A patient is prescribed ipratropium and cromolyn sodium. What will the
nurse teach the patient?
Hold the next dose of
theophylline.
A patient taking an oral theophylline drug is due for her next dose and
has a blood pressure of 100/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 110 bpm.
The patient is irritable. What is the nurse's best action?