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Pest of okra.
This document describes several common insect pests that affect okra, including their identification, lifecycles, nature of damage, and management strategies. It discusses the okra shoot and fruit borer, leafhoppers, whiteflies, aphids, red spider mites, and leaf rollers. For each pest, it provides details on identification, larvae and adult appearance, the type of damage caused through feeding, and recommended control measures such as insecticide applications or biological control agents.
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Pest of okra.
- 2. 1.Okra shoot andfruit borer/ spotted fruit borer •S.N. - Earias vitella E. insulana •Family - Noctuidae •Order - Lepidoptera
- 3. Mark of Identification •Moth/Adult •E. vitella - pale whitish forewings with a broad greenish band in the middle • E. insulana has completely green forewings. •The adult body length – 1 cm, wing span is about 2.5.cm
- 4. E. insulana •Larva –Brown with dorsum showing a white median longitudinal streak. •Pupa – Brown and boat shaped •Adult– Forewing – uniformly silvery green E.Vitella •Egg: egg sky blue in colour •Larva - brownish with white streaks dorsally and pale yellow ventrally •Adult - Forewing – pale with a wedge shaped green band in the middle
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- 6. •Economical importance •Serious pestof okra Host plants – Cotton ,okra ,ambadi ,other malvaceous plants
- 7. Life history • Eggs- 250 , laid on tender shoot ,flower buds , and young fruits. • Larva - 9 -11 days in summer. 20 days in winter. • Pupa - in tough silken cocoons on plant, soil or the fallen leaves •Life cycle completed - 3weeks in summer ,4 weeks in winter •No of generation - 12/year
- 8. Nature of damage •Thecaterpillar bore in to tender shoot , flower buds and fruits. •Affected shoots wither and dry up . •Flower buds and fruit drop down prematurely. •The fruits remaining on plant get deformed which shows exit holes of the larvae
- 9. Okra shoot andfruit borer damage
- 10. Management •Set up pheromonetrap @ 12/ha. •Collection and destruction of affected fruits. •Release of egg parasiteTrichogramma chilonis @ 1.0 lakh/ha. •Release of 1st instar larvae of green lace wing predator Chrysoperla carnea @ 10,000/ha. •Dust carbaryl 10 % DP @ 25 kg /ha or • Spray Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2 g/lit.
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- 12. Earias Damage toshoots
- 13. Earias Damage toFruit
- 14. Insecticide ml org/lit Azadirachtin 0.03% WSP (300 ppm) 5.0 g/lit Azadirachtin 5% Neem Extract Concentrate 5.0 ml/10 lit Emamectin benzoate 5 % SG 3.0 g/10 lit Phosalone 35 % EC 1.5 ml /lit Pyridalyl 10 % EC 1.0 ml/lit Quinalphos 25 % EC 8.0 ml/10 lit Spray any one of the following insecticide
- 15. 2.Leaf Hoppers /jassid •S.N - Amrasca biguttula biguttula •Family - Cidadellidae •Order - Hemiptera
- 16. Nature Of Damage •Both nymphs and adults suck the sap from underside of leaves injecting toxic saliva. The damage results in • Characteristic hopper burn symptom. • Infested leaves crinkle and show characteristic browning • Attacked plants stunted, fail to bear fruits.
- 17. Nymph Of LeafHoppers
- 18. Control Measures •Removal ofaffected parts. •A spider Distina albina and a chrysopid, Chrysopa cymbela are predaceous on leafhoppers. •Foliar sprays with dimethoate 2ml/l • spray methyl demeton 2 ml/l • spray fipronil 2 ml/l
- 19. Nymphs and adultssucks sap from underside of leaves
- 20. Damage symptom onleaves
- 21. 3.Whitefly •S.N. - Bemesiatabaci •Family - Aleurodidae •Order - Hemiptera
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- 23. Whitefly - Bemisiatabaci Nymphs Adult
- 24. Nature Of Damage •Bothnymphs and adults suck the sap from underside of leaves. •As a result, the plant loses its luster. • The adult acts as a vector for yellow vein mosaic virus disease.
- 25. Yellowing of entire networkof veins.
- 26. Stunted Plants andYVMVsymptoms
- 27. Control measure •Removal ofaffected plants • Use of yellow sticky traps •spraying with acetamiprid 0.4g/l •Thiamethoxam 0.4g/l • Profenophos 2ml/l
- 28. 5.Aphids • S.N. -Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae • Family - Aphididae • Order - Hemiptera
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- 30. Nature of damage. •Nymphs and adults suck the sap from the leaves •The affected plants turn yellow, get deformed and dry away • Aphids also secrete honeydew on which sooty mould grows, which hampers the photosynthetic activity.
- 31. Aphids feeding onokra leaf
- 33. Control Measures. • Givenunder citrus psylla • Seed treatment with imidachloprid • Thiamethoxam 5 kg/seed • Use of yellow sticky trap.
- 34. Red Spider Mite •S.N. - Tetranychus telarius • Family - Tetranychidae • Order - Acarina
- 35. RED SPIDER MITESTetranychus urticae
- 36. Nature of damage. • Red spider mites are found in large colonies on underside of leaves protected by the silk webbing constructed by the female. • They are polyphagous infesting brinjal, bhendi and bean. • Leaves present a characteristic blotches which become whitish then brown patches appear. • Later the entire affected leaf become discoloured and dried up.
- 37. Control Measures. • Sprayingwith wettable sulphur 3-5 gm/l or • Spray Dicofol 2.7 ml/l • Spray Propargite 3 ml/l twice at 10 day interval are effective. • Spray with 0.2 % Sulphur • Dusting with Sulphur @ 20 -25 kg /ha . • Spray with 0.03 % dicofol or abamectin @ 150 ml /ha .
- 38. 7.Leaf roller • S.N.- Sylepta derogata • Family - Pyralidae • Order - Lepidoptera
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- 40. Nature of damage. • Caterpillar fold the leaves from tip to upwards & feed with in green matter •As result , folded leaves wither & dry up •Larvae always found in the leaf fold .
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- 42. Control Measures. • Spraywith 0.2 % carbaryl • Dusting with 10% carbaryl.@ 20 kg /ha . • Removal and destruction of leaf fold along with caterpillar.