Hazards exist in every workplace and personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to protect the eyes, face, head, ears, feet, hands, arms, and respiratory system from these hazards. There are several categories of PPE including eye/face protection, head protection, foot protection, hand protection, protective clothing, and more. Employers must assess workplace hazards, identify the appropriate PPE, train employees on proper use, and ensure PPE is properly worn and maintained. Common types of PPE used in construction include safety glasses, hard hats, safety boots, gloves, earplugs, and reflective vests.

1. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT (PPE)
DNOS 3162
TOPIC: CONSTRUCTION
GROUP MEMBERS:
SHAMRRAJ SUBRAMANIAM
PANG TZE FUNG
THANES PANIR CHELVAN
NASYRAH AQILA BT KHAIRUDDIN
NUR IZZATY BT SALIM
NG YEN WEI

2. INTRODUCTION
Hazards exist in every workplace in various forms
 flying objects
 falling objects
 sharp edges
 live wire, sparks
 chemical spills
 noise
 and a myriad of other potentially dangerous
situations
PPE is equipment worn to minimalize exposure
to workplace hazards. Designed to protect
eyes, face, head, ears, feet, hands and arms,
respiratory system and whole body
PPE may include:
 Gloves
 safety glasses
 safety helmets
 safety boots/shoes
 earplugs
 earmuffs, respirators
 reflective vests and overalls.

3. PPE PROCESS
Maintenance
Supervision
Use PPE in the workplace
Training
Hazards Assessment
Identification from HIRARC process

4. CATEGORIES OF PPE
 Face and eye protection
 Head protection
 Foot protection
 Hand protection
 Protective clothing
 Protective ointments
 Shields
 Barriers
 Restraints

5. WHEN TO WEAR PPE
WHAT PPE IS SUITABLE
 Employers should make sure that each employee demonstrates an understanding of the PPE
training as well as the ability to properly wear and use PPE before they are allowed to perform
work requiring the use of the PPE.
 If an employer believes that a previously trained employee is not demonstrating the proper
understanding and skill level in the use of PPE, that employee should receive retraining.
 Other situations that require additional or retraining of employees include the following
circumstances: changes in the workplace or in the type of required PPE that make prior training
obsolete.
 The employer must document the training of each employee required to wear or use PPE by
preparing a certification containing the name of each employee trained, the date of training and a
clear identification of the subject of the certification.

7. PPE SELECTION
 One does NOT fit all - consider the fit and comfort of PPE – will encourage
employee to use the PPE
 Should be of safe design and construction, and should be maintained in a clean
and reliable fashion
 Compatible when several different types of PPE worn together

8. HIRARC FORM
Activity Hazard Consequences L S R Control
• Eye and Face
protection
Hammering,
grinding,
sanding, and
masonry
Flying
Chips/
Object/
Chemical
May produce
particles that
could cause mile
irritation or
serious eye
damage
3 4
HIGH
Side protection glasses
is required any time that
there are hazards from
flying particles or
objects and goggles
• Body and overall
protection
Working at night
Poor lighting Serious and minor
injury
3 3
MEDIUM
Vest with night vision/
reflector
• Hearing
protection
Hand- held
jackhammer
Sounds of
the
hammer
blows
Permanent
Hearing loss,
acoustic trauma
4 3
MEDIUM
Require to wear ear
muff when start up a
jackhammer

9. EYE AND FACE PROTECTION
Eyes & Face protection are necessary to protect
workers against hazards:
 Flying Chips/ Object
 Chemical
 Radiation
Type of eye and face protection:
 Safety glasses
 Safety goggles
 Face shield
 Welding shield
Factors of selection head protection:
 Type of Hazard
 Workplace condition
 Working condition
 Comfortable

10. HEAD PROTECTION
For industrial purposes, three classes are recognized, which
are ;
 Class C – No electrical protection
 Class G – Low voltage (tested at 2,200 volts) helmets are
intended to reduce the danger of contact exposure to low-
voltage conductors.
 Class E – High voltage (tested at 20,000 volts) helmets
provide the highest level of protection against electrical
hazards, with high voltages hock and burn protection.
Head protection are necessary to protect
workers against hazards:
 Falling Objects
 Overhead Hazard
Factors of selection head protection:
 Type of Hazard
(Falling Object or/and Overhead Hazard)
 Workplace condition
 Working condition
 Comfortable

11. HEARING PROTECTION
Employee exposure to excessive noise
factors, including
 The loudness of the noise as measured
in decibels (dB).
 The duration of each employee's
exposure to the noise.
 Whether employees move between
work areas with different noise levels.
 Whether noise is generated from one
or multiple sources.
Types of hearing protection device:
 Ear muffs (Circumaural)
 Semi-inserts (Semi-aural)
 Inserts (Aural)
When selecting HPD, one needs to consider the
followings:
 The characteristics of the noise
 Frequency of exposure
 Comfort of the user
 Communication needs
 Medical conditions

12. HAND AND ARM PROTECTION
Factors that may influence the selection of protective
gloves.
 Type of chemicals handled.
 Duration of contact.
 Area requiring protection (hand only, forearm, arm).
 Grip requirements (dry, wet, oily).
 Thermal protection.
 Size and comfort.
 Abrasion/resistance requirements.
Types of gloves
 Gloves made of leather, canvas or metal mesh
 Fabric and coated fabric gloves
 Chemical- and liquid-resistant gloves
 Insulating rubber gloves
Areas and personnel most likely to need hand/arm
protection include:
 Laboratories and laboratory personnel (staff and
students)
 Certain art studios and workshops (staff and
students)
 Physical plant/facilities staff
 Auxiliaries staff
 Custodial staff

13. BODY PROTECTION
Needed when work presents a potential for contamination or injury to
other parts of the body such as legs, arms, back, chest
 Exposure to sharp knives or power cutting tools (i.e., chainsaw, etc.);
 Exposure to temperature extremes (i.e., intense summer heat or winter
cold, working in walk-in freezers/coolers, etc.);
 Contact with intense heat, including molten metals and other hot
materials (e.g., steam, sparks, etc.);
 Contact with pesticides and other chemicals;
 Working with radioactive materials;
 Contact with infectious materials, including blood and body fluids;
Types of Body Protection:
 Lab coats
 Aprons
 Chemical resistant sleeves
 Tyvek suits
 Coveralls
 Arc Flash Rated

14. FOOT PROTECTION
Types of foot protection
 Safety shoes
 Foundry shoes
 Leggings
 Toe guards
 Combination foot and shin guards
 Metatarsal protection
 Slip resistant
 Electro-static dissipative
 Chemical resistance
 Wet or muddy condition
 Cold conditions
Factors of selection foot protection:
 Type of Hazard
 Workplace condition
 Working condition
 Comfortable
Areas and personnel most likely to need foot/leg
protection include:
 Physical plant/ facilities staff
 Certain art studios, workshop staffs and students
 Auxiliaries staff
 Custodial staff

15. END OF SLIDES
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