This document discusses perovskite solar cells. It begins with an overview of different photovoltaic technologies and efficiency charts. It then discusses the properties of perovskite materials and various device architectures for perovskite solar cells. The document outlines fabrication methods for perovskite solar cells, including potential replacements for lead and printed or roll-to-roll approaches. It concludes with a discussion of the commercialization potential and future outlook of perovskite solar cells.

1. Perovskite Solar Cells
Presented by
Sudhin Sukumaran
519CR6007
Seminar and Technical Writing (Autumn 2021)
Course Instructor : Prof. Debasish Sarkar
Department of Ceramic Engineering
National Institute of Technology, Rourkela

2. Contents
• Classification of PV technologies
• PV efficiencies
• Properties of perovskite materials
• Perovskite solar cell device architectures
• Perovskite solar cell fabrication
• Lead toxicity
• Printed perovskite solar cells
• Concentrated PV for perovskite solar cells
• Commercialization

3. Classification of photovoltaic technologies with
their current market share in percentage.

4. Solar cells efficiency chart-NREL

5. Properties of perovskite materials
Rise of efficiency comparing to silicon

6. Perovskite crystal &Goldschmidt tolerance
factor (t)
Tolerance factor
Perovskite crystal system

7. Real device picture

8. Device architecture cross section
(a) DSSC
(b) Mesoporous
(c) Supermesostructure
(d) Regular
(e) Planar nip
(f) Planar pin (inverted
planar)

9. The typical methods of perovskite layer
formation

10. DMSO-assisted two-step MAPbI3 synthesis

11. On-device and contamination
plants grown on perovskite-contaminated soil

12. Potential elements to substitute Pb
The orange shading on the periodic table marks the screened elements that can replace
Pb. The green shading of the VA group heterovalent elements and the blue shading of
transition metal elements have also been calculated or proved to substitute Pb

13. Potential
approaches and
consequences of
potential Pb
replacement

14. Energy diagram of common Sn-based
perovskites
However, tin may not match the record efficiencies in the near furfure in
Single junction solar cells

15. Double perovskite structures

16. Different fabrication processes
Scalable methods for PSCs deposition: (a) blade
coating; (b) slot-die coating; (c) inkjet printing; (d)
spray coating

17. Process flow inkjet printing of perovskite solar
cell
Four layers consisting of compact titania (c-TiO2), mesoporous titania (m-TiO2), mesoporous zirconia (m-ZrO2)
and infiltration of methyl ammonium lead tri-iodide (MAPI) perovskite precursor. Yellow dots represent the print
head nozzles while red dots represent the ejected droplets.

18. Scale up of perovskite solar cell
Schematic representation of blade coating
R2R slot-die coating setup (a) and resulting perovskite film (b)

19. Concentrated PV for high efficiency
perovskite solar cells
Operating principle of perovskite solar cells: charge transport of (a) a bare perovskite solar cell (PSC) and (b) a
PSC with a concentrator.

20. Performance under illumination
J–V curves of the PSC under 1.78
Suns and the corresponding
efficiency over time
a) I–V characteristics at varying temperatures; both the Isc and Voc
can be seen to decrease with the increasing temperature. (b) P–V
characteristics at varying temperatures; both the MPP and FF can
be seen to decrease with the increasing temperature.

21. Future of perovskite solar cells
Credid: Okinawa Institute Of Science And Technology Graduate University. the solar modules sized 5 x 5 cm2
showed an efficiency of 14.55%, up from 13.06%. The larger 10 x 10 cm2 modules had an efficiency of 10.25%
and remained at high levels of efficiency for over 1100 hours, or almost 46 days

22. Commercialization

23. References
• Under the spotlight: the organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite for optoelectronic
applications
• High-performance inverted planar perovskite solar cells based on e ffi cient hole-
transporting layers from well-crystalline NiO nanocrystals
• Boosting efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells with nickel phthalocyanine as a
low-cost hole transporting layer material
• All-Solid-State Submicron Thin Film
• Formability of ABX 3 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) halide perovskites
• Organolead halide perovskite: New horizons in solar cell research
• A review on perovskite solar cells: Evolution of architecture, fabrication techniques,
commercialization issues and status

24. References
• Inkjet printed mesoscopic perovskite solar cells with custom design capability
• Perovskite Solar Cells with All-Inkjet-Printed Absorber and Charge Transport Layers
• Photovoltaic performances of mono- and mixed-halide structures for perovskite solar
cell: A review
• Controllable Grain Morphology of Perovskite Absorber Film by Molecular Self-Assembly
toward Efficient Solar Cell Exceeding 17%
• Increasing efficiency of perovskite solar cells using low concentrating photovoltaic
systems
• Roll-to-Roll Printing of Perovskite Solar Cells

25. Thank you