Perennialism
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Perennialism refers to ideas that have lasted for centuries and remain relevant today, such as discussed by philosophers like Plato and Aristotle. The philosophy of perennialism in education aims to develop critical thinking skills in students by teaching timeless truths about subjects like metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics through a classical curriculum focused on cultivating wisdom and virtue. However, perennialism faces challenges in modern democratic societies that are increasingly secular and value education tailored to each generation's needs.
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Perennialism in Education
Perennialism is an educational philosophy that believes education should focus on teaching principles and ideas that are universally important to all people across time, rather than facts that may change. It recommends students learn from reading and analyzing great works of history's finest thinkers to develop rational and moral powers. While it shares some similarities with Essentialism in focusing on core skills and knowledge, Perennialism places more emphasis on liberal topics, personal development through experience and relationships, and developing a sound personality through exposure to theological and philosophical ideals.
Perennialism philosophy
This document discusses the philosophy of perennialism in education. It outlines the major exponents like Robert Hutchins and Mortimer Adler. The key points are that perennialism is a teacher-centered philosophy that focuses on enduring concepts and ideas that have lasted for centuries. It emphasizes a universal, core curriculum centered around great books and believes that human nature is permanent and unchanging. The role of the teacher is as an authority figure and role model, while students are expected to be obedient and learn in the same way through methods like memorization and drill. Criticisms of perennialism include that it is too focused on the past and ignores contemporary realities.
Educational Philosophies
Essentialism and perennialism are educational philosophies that focus on curriculum. Essentialism emphasizes teaching essential skills and knowledge to prepare students for society, using a structured curriculum focused on core subjects. Perennialism aims to develop students' intellect through studying great works of literature and philosophy that uncover universal truths. Progressivism believes education should engage students through experiences that arise from their own questions, with curriculum based on student interests and active learning methods.
Philosophilal Perspective in Education
This document outlines four educational theories: perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism. Perennialism focuses on adherence to absolute principles and cultivating intellect through classical subjects. Essentialism believes students should learn basic subjects thoroughly to promote intellectual growth. Progressivism asserts that change is inevitable and knowledge leads to lifelong learning through doing. Reconstructionism emphasizes addressing social questions and using education to create a better and more democratic society and world.
Perennialism and Essentialism
- Perennialism is an educational philosophy that believes education should focus on ideas and concepts that have remained important and relevant over long periods of time, as found in great works of thinkers like Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, and Aquinas.
- It holds that there are universal truths about humanity, ethics, and society that form the core of what students should learn.
- Essentialism emerged in response to perceived relaxation of academic standards. It emphasizes mastery of basic skills and subjects like reading, writing, math, science, and history that provide foundational knowledge needed for students to participate in society.
- Both philosophies believe in a traditional, knowledge-centered approach where the teacher's role is
Perennialism
Perennialism focuses on teaching principles rather than facts, and believes education should develop students' rational and moral powers. It recommends teaching liberal topics like humanities, arts, theology and history by having students read the great books of influential thinkers from the past. Perennialists believe this approach cultivates a sound personality and prepares students for lifelong learning and understanding universal truths. They stress teaching subjects like philosophy, languages, sciences and more that provide a well-rounded liberal arts education.
ABOUT ESSENTIALISM
Essentialism is a philosophy that values the inherent essence or attributes that define what makes an entity fundamentally what it is. It postulates that objects in the real world are mere representations of abstract ideal forms. As an educational philosophy, essentialism believes students should learn traditional basic subjects thoroughly by installing them with the "essentials" of academic knowledge through a teacher-centered approach where the teacher interprets the essential learning process and sets the tone in the classroom. Criticisms of essentialism include that it allows for little student freedom or creativity, though it does provide a strong foundation of basic knowledge and skills.
Essentialism
William Bagley introduced the term essentialism in 1930 as an American educational philosophy focusing on teaching core subjects to prepare students for life. Essentialism believes students should learn essential knowledge and skills, like basic subjects, as well as traditional values. Essentialists want to instill students with the most important knowledge, skills, and character to be productive citizens. They emphasize discipline and teaching through direct methods like lectures and memorization. Essentialism's goal is to provide students a strong basic education to succeed in modern society.
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Perennialism in Education
Perennialism is an educational philosophy that believes education should focus on teaching principles and ideas that are universally important to all people across time, rather than facts that may change. It recommends students learn from reading and analyzing great works of history's finest thinkers to develop rational and moral powers. While it shares some similarities with Essentialism in focusing on core skills and knowledge, Perennialism places more emphasis on liberal topics, personal development through experience and relationships, and developing a sound personality through exposure to theological and philosophical ideals.
Perennialism philosophy
This document discusses the philosophy of perennialism in education. It outlines the major exponents like Robert Hutchins and Mortimer Adler. The key points are that perennialism is a teacher-centered philosophy that focuses on enduring concepts and ideas that have lasted for centuries. It emphasizes a universal, core curriculum centered around great books and believes that human nature is permanent and unchanging. The role of the teacher is as an authority figure and role model, while students are expected to be obedient and learn in the same way through methods like memorization and drill. Criticisms of perennialism include that it is too focused on the past and ignores contemporary realities.
Educational Philosophies
Essentialism and perennialism are educational philosophies that focus on curriculum. Essentialism emphasizes teaching essential skills and knowledge to prepare students for society, using a structured curriculum focused on core subjects. Perennialism aims to develop students' intellect through studying great works of literature and philosophy that uncover universal truths. Progressivism believes education should engage students through experiences that arise from their own questions, with curriculum based on student interests and active learning methods.
Philosophilal Perspective in Education
This document outlines four educational theories: perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism. Perennialism focuses on adherence to absolute principles and cultivating intellect through classical subjects. Essentialism believes students should learn basic subjects thoroughly to promote intellectual growth. Progressivism asserts that change is inevitable and knowledge leads to lifelong learning through doing. Reconstructionism emphasizes addressing social questions and using education to create a better and more democratic society and world.
Perennialism and Essentialism
- Perennialism is an educational philosophy that believes education should focus on ideas and concepts that have remained important and relevant over long periods of time, as found in great works of thinkers like Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, and Aquinas.
- It holds that there are universal truths about humanity, ethics, and society that form the core of what students should learn.
- Essentialism emerged in response to perceived relaxation of academic standards. It emphasizes mastery of basic skills and subjects like reading, writing, math, science, and history that provide foundational knowledge needed for students to participate in society.
- Both philosophies believe in a traditional, knowledge-centered approach where the teacher's role is
Perennialism
Perennialism focuses on teaching principles rather than facts, and believes education should develop students' rational and moral powers. It recommends teaching liberal topics like humanities, arts, theology and history by having students read the great books of influential thinkers from the past. Perennialists believe this approach cultivates a sound personality and prepares students for lifelong learning and understanding universal truths. They stress teaching subjects like philosophy, languages, sciences and more that provide a well-rounded liberal arts education.
ABOUT ESSENTIALISM
Essentialism is a philosophy that values the inherent essence or attributes that define what makes an entity fundamentally what it is. It postulates that objects in the real world are mere representations of abstract ideal forms. As an educational philosophy, essentialism believes students should learn traditional basic subjects thoroughly by installing them with the "essentials" of academic knowledge through a teacher-centered approach where the teacher interprets the essential learning process and sets the tone in the classroom. Criticisms of essentialism include that it allows for little student freedom or creativity, though it does provide a strong foundation of basic knowledge and skills.
Essentialism
William Bagley introduced the term essentialism in 1930 as an American educational philosophy focusing on teaching core subjects to prepare students for life. Essentialism believes students should learn essential knowledge and skills, like basic subjects, as well as traditional values. Essentialists want to instill students with the most important knowledge, skills, and character to be productive citizens. They emphasize discipline and teaching through direct methods like lectures and memorization. Essentialism's goal is to provide students a strong basic education to succeed in modern society.
Realism in education
Realism is a philosophy that believes objects have a real existence independent of perception. The key aspects of realism in education are:
1. Knowledge comes from the senses and experience of real objects in the world.
2. Education should prepare students for real life by teaching practical skills and vocational subjects.
3. Teachers should use objects, observations, experiments and inductive reasoning to help students learn from their own experiences.
What are the philosophical
The document discusses the philosophical foundations of American education. It outlines four main branches of philosophy - metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and logic. It then describes four philosophies of education - perennialism, essentialism, romanticism, and progressivism. For each philosophy, it discusses views on the nature of reality, knowledge, values, logic, the purpose of education, the role of the teacher, teaching strategies, curriculum, and the child. It notes that while each philosophy has a distinct approach, eclecticism involves selecting attractive features from different philosophies. Key terms related to philosophy of education are also defined.
philosophies of Education
The document discusses different philosophies of education including essentialism, experimentalism, perennialism, behaviorism, reconstructionism, and existentialism. Each philosophy has a distinct view on what should be taught in schools, the role of teachers, and approaches to evaluation and classroom management. The document suggests that while each philosophy offers something of value, problems arise when one dominates the education system for too long without consideration of other perspectives.
Schools of philosophy and Education: Some basic Concepts
Presentation on three major schools of philosophy- Idealism-naturalism-pragmatism- aims of education.- curriculum-discipline-
Philosophy in teaching
This document discusses different philosophies of teaching:
- Essentialism focuses on academic content mastery and transmitting traditional values, with teachers deciding what's important.
- Perennialism uses a universal curriculum based on human nature, with creative techniques to develop understanding of timeless concepts.
- Existentialism teaches students to define their own essence through self-paced, self-directed learning with individual teacher guidance.
- Linguistic philosophy develops communication skills through multiple languages to articulate experiences.
- Behaviorism shapes student behavior through environmental arrangements and learning from others.
- Constructivism has students actively construct knowledge through experiences, questioning, and dialogical exchange between teachers and peers.
philosophies of_education
This document discusses six educational philosophies: essentialism, experimentalism, perennialism, behaviorism, reconstructionism, and existentialism. It provides an overview of each philosophy, including what they believe, what they would teach, examples, and where each philosophy shines or has limitations. The key points made are that each philosophy offers a different perspective but no single philosophy should dominate for too long, as a balance of approaches is ideal for meeting the varied needs of students.
Humanism & its Educational Implications
This document discusses the philosophy of humanism and its educational implications. It defines humanism as a philosophy that places primary importance on human beings, their faculties, and well-being. Some key principles of humanism are that values shape history, great literature emphasizes important values, and that humans are rational beings capable of perfection. The aims of education under humanism are the cultivation of intellect, liberation of the mind, human perfection, and the welfare of all humanity. Humanism stresses respect for ancient cultures, freedom of expression, and the development of thinking power.
The Seven Philosophies of Education
The Seven Philosophies of Education
Existentialism - Existentialism in education focuses on the individual, seeking out a personal understanding of the world.
Essentialism - Essentialism values the “essence” of each object. Essence refers to the attribute, or set of attributes that make an object what it fundamentally is, and must have.
Progressivism - Progressivism holds that education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation.
Behaviorism - Behaviorism holds that behavior is shaped deliberately by forces in the environment and that the type of person and actions desired can be the product of design.
Constructivism - Constructivism claims that the learner actively constructs his or her own understandings of reality through interaction with objects, events, and people in the environment, and reflecting on these interactions. For learning to occur, an event, object, or experience must conflict with what the learner already knows. Therefore, the learner's previous experiences determine what can be learned.
Linguistic Philosophy - Linguistic philosophy is the view that philosophical problems could be solved (or dissolved) either by reforming language or by understanding more about the language that we presently use.
Perennialism - Perennialism is a normative educational philosophy according to which one should teach the things that are of everlasting relevance to all people everywhere and that the emphasis should be on principles, not facts.
Educational Philosophies
This document outlines several educational philosophies and theories of human learning and development. It discusses idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism, perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism/critical theory. For each philosophy, it describes the focus or beliefs, important subjects, and teaching methodologies. It then discusses how the learner completed a questionnaire to determine their own educational views are most closely aligned with progressivism, agreeing with Dewey's view of experiential learning and that students should be active participants.
Perennialism
The document discusses the philosophy of perennialism in education. It advocates for developing students' rational and moral powers through a universal, humanities-focused curriculum drawn from great books of history. Perennialism aims to cultivate students' higher thinking abilities and help them gain control over passions through reason. In the classroom, teachers take a central role in disciplining students' minds through techniques like Socratic dialogue that focus on timeless concepts from history.
Perrenialism
Perennialism is an educational philosophy that focuses on teaching ideas and concepts that are considered universally important and everlasting. It believes education should transmit principles and knowledge that have endured for centuries. Perennialism relies heavily on the past and subjects like logic, mathematics, and classical literature. It teaches in a teacher-centered way focused on disciplining the mind and developing intellectual abilities rather than students' interests. The goals are developing good character, morality, and preparing students for life by instilling principles passed between generations. There are two types - secular perennialism focuses on humanist traditions and reasoning, while religious perennialism emphasizes personal development and learning from external signs rather than within.
Existentialism
Meaning, Underlying assumptions in Existentialism, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of Teaching, Discipline, Educational Implications, Contributions, Limitations
Education philosophies
The document outlines five basic philosophies of education: Perennialism, Idealism, Realism, Experimentalism, and Existentialism. Each philosophy is based on different views of reality and truth and leads to different goals for schools. The document suggests that combining aspects of the philosophies may be the best approach to education rather than relying solely on one.
PRAGMATISM
John Dewey (1859-1952) was an American philosopher who was a leading proponent of pragmatism. Pragmatism is a philosophy that emphasizes practical experience over abstract theorizing. It focuses on what works over theoretical correctness. Key principles of pragmatism include giving importance to action and experience, believing in change and growth through interaction and environment, and focusing on means rather than ends. Pragmatism rejects metaphysics and believes knowledge comes from experience. It also believes values are determined by the consequences of actions. Pragmatism influenced progressive education by emphasizing learning by doing, integrating subjects, and using methods like the project method.
Philosophy and education – chapter 8
This document discusses various philosophies and their implications for education. It defines key philosophical concepts like metaphysics, axiology, epistemology, and logic. It also outlines major schools of philosophy including idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism. Educational philosophies covered are perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and social reconstructionism. Psychological perspectives on learning like behaviorism, humanism, and constructivism are also defined. The document examines how these different philosophies influence approaches to teaching.
General and Educational Philosophies
This document discusses areas of general philosophy and educational philosophies. It outlines three areas of general philosophy: epistemology, which deals with the nature of knowledge; ontology, which deals with the nature of reality; and axiology, which deals with the nature of values. It then discusses four areas of educational philosophy: perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructivism.
Relationship between philosophy of teaching and teaching styles
The document discusses the relationship between a teacher's philosophy of teaching and their teaching style. It states that a teaching philosophy is a statement of one's beliefs about what is important in teaching and learning, while teaching style refers to a teacher's preferred way of presenting information, carrying out tasks, and making decisions. A teacher's philosophy guides the educational process by influencing their views on the nature of learners, subject matter, and how subject matter can guide meaningful learning. It also impacts the behaviors a teacher exhibits in the classroom.
What is philosophy
This document discusses four major educational philosophies - Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructionism - and how they influence curriculum.
Perennialism advocates teaching timeless concepts and values through subjects like history, literature and philosophy. Essentialism focuses on teaching core academic subjects and traditional values. Progressivism emphasizes experiential, student-centered, collaborative and real-world learning. Reconstructionism believes education should analyze and address social problems to rebuild society.
Philosophy Fundamentals
Philosophy provides the foundation for educational philosophy. Educational philosophy helps educators interpret and direct their work in the classroom. There are several branches and elements of philosophy that influence education, including epistemology, which examines how knowledge is acquired, metaphysics which examines the nature of reality, and axiology which examines values and ethics. Educational philosophies aim to transmit cultural heritage, transform culture, and maximize human potential, and include perennialism, essentialism, behaviorism, progressivism, existentialism, reconstructivism, postmodernism, and social reconstructionism.
Philosophical concerns of education
Meaning and Concept of Philosophy is defined. It also includes the relationship between Philosophy and Education.
Perennialism Presentation By Edwin Mugwira.pptx
Perennialism is an educational philosophy that emphasizes teaching ideas and concepts that are considered universally and eternally true. It originated from the works of philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, and Thomas Aquinas. A key belief of perennialism is that human nature remains constant, so the focus of education should be on teachings that have endured for centuries. Perennialist classrooms typically have a subject-centered curriculum and emphasize developing students' critical thinking skills through discussions of classic texts.
Idealism
Idealism is the oldest systematic philosophy in Western culture, beginning with Plato. It believes that ideas are the only true reality and material things only exist as mental constructions. Key aspects include emphasizing mind over matter, and that all knowledge comes from grasping ideas and concepts. Major proponents were Plato, Augustine, Descartes, and Hegel. Idealism aims to discover and develop individual abilities through education focused on reading, writing, history, literature, and using questioning to promote independent thinking. It sees the teacher as an exemplary model and culture's wisdom as central to the curriculum.
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Realism in education
Realism is a philosophy that believes objects have a real existence independent of perception. The key aspects of realism in education are:
1. Knowledge comes from the senses and experience of real objects in the world.
2. Education should prepare students for real life by teaching practical skills and vocational subjects.
3. Teachers should use objects, observations, experiments and inductive reasoning to help students learn from their own experiences.
What are the philosophical
The document discusses the philosophical foundations of American education. It outlines four main branches of philosophy - metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and logic. It then describes four philosophies of education - perennialism, essentialism, romanticism, and progressivism. For each philosophy, it discusses views on the nature of reality, knowledge, values, logic, the purpose of education, the role of the teacher, teaching strategies, curriculum, and the child. It notes that while each philosophy has a distinct approach, eclecticism involves selecting attractive features from different philosophies. Key terms related to philosophy of education are also defined.
philosophies of Education
The document discusses different philosophies of education including essentialism, experimentalism, perennialism, behaviorism, reconstructionism, and existentialism. Each philosophy has a distinct view on what should be taught in schools, the role of teachers, and approaches to evaluation and classroom management. The document suggests that while each philosophy offers something of value, problems arise when one dominates the education system for too long without consideration of other perspectives.
Schools of philosophy and Education: Some basic Concepts
Presentation on three major schools of philosophy- Idealism-naturalism-pragmatism- aims of education.- curriculum-discipline-
Philosophy in teaching
This document discusses different philosophies of teaching:
- Essentialism focuses on academic content mastery and transmitting traditional values, with teachers deciding what's important.
- Perennialism uses a universal curriculum based on human nature, with creative techniques to develop understanding of timeless concepts.
- Existentialism teaches students to define their own essence through self-paced, self-directed learning with individual teacher guidance.
- Linguistic philosophy develops communication skills through multiple languages to articulate experiences.
- Behaviorism shapes student behavior through environmental arrangements and learning from others.
- Constructivism has students actively construct knowledge through experiences, questioning, and dialogical exchange between teachers and peers.
philosophies of_education
This document discusses six educational philosophies: essentialism, experimentalism, perennialism, behaviorism, reconstructionism, and existentialism. It provides an overview of each philosophy, including what they believe, what they would teach, examples, and where each philosophy shines or has limitations. The key points made are that each philosophy offers a different perspective but no single philosophy should dominate for too long, as a balance of approaches is ideal for meeting the varied needs of students.
Humanism & its Educational Implications
This document discusses the philosophy of humanism and its educational implications. It defines humanism as a philosophy that places primary importance on human beings, their faculties, and well-being. Some key principles of humanism are that values shape history, great literature emphasizes important values, and that humans are rational beings capable of perfection. The aims of education under humanism are the cultivation of intellect, liberation of the mind, human perfection, and the welfare of all humanity. Humanism stresses respect for ancient cultures, freedom of expression, and the development of thinking power.
The Seven Philosophies of Education
The Seven Philosophies of Education
Existentialism - Existentialism in education focuses on the individual, seeking out a personal understanding of the world.
Essentialism - Essentialism values the “essence” of each object. Essence refers to the attribute, or set of attributes that make an object what it fundamentally is, and must have.
Progressivism - Progressivism holds that education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation.
Behaviorism - Behaviorism holds that behavior is shaped deliberately by forces in the environment and that the type of person and actions desired can be the product of design.
Constructivism - Constructivism claims that the learner actively constructs his or her own understandings of reality through interaction with objects, events, and people in the environment, and reflecting on these interactions. For learning to occur, an event, object, or experience must conflict with what the learner already knows. Therefore, the learner's previous experiences determine what can be learned.
Linguistic Philosophy - Linguistic philosophy is the view that philosophical problems could be solved (or dissolved) either by reforming language or by understanding more about the language that we presently use.
Perennialism - Perennialism is a normative educational philosophy according to which one should teach the things that are of everlasting relevance to all people everywhere and that the emphasis should be on principles, not facts.
Educational Philosophies
This document outlines several educational philosophies and theories of human learning and development. It discusses idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism, perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism/critical theory. For each philosophy, it describes the focus or beliefs, important subjects, and teaching methodologies. It then discusses how the learner completed a questionnaire to determine their own educational views are most closely aligned with progressivism, agreeing with Dewey's view of experiential learning and that students should be active participants.
Perennialism
The document discusses the philosophy of perennialism in education. It advocates for developing students' rational and moral powers through a universal, humanities-focused curriculum drawn from great books of history. Perennialism aims to cultivate students' higher thinking abilities and help them gain control over passions through reason. In the classroom, teachers take a central role in disciplining students' minds through techniques like Socratic dialogue that focus on timeless concepts from history.
Perrenialism
Perennialism is an educational philosophy that focuses on teaching ideas and concepts that are considered universally important and everlasting. It believes education should transmit principles and knowledge that have endured for centuries. Perennialism relies heavily on the past and subjects like logic, mathematics, and classical literature. It teaches in a teacher-centered way focused on disciplining the mind and developing intellectual abilities rather than students' interests. The goals are developing good character, morality, and preparing students for life by instilling principles passed between generations. There are two types - secular perennialism focuses on humanist traditions and reasoning, while religious perennialism emphasizes personal development and learning from external signs rather than within.
Existentialism
Meaning, Underlying assumptions in Existentialism, Aims of Education, Curriculum, Methods of Teaching, Discipline, Educational Implications, Contributions, Limitations
Education philosophies
The document outlines five basic philosophies of education: Perennialism, Idealism, Realism, Experimentalism, and Existentialism. Each philosophy is based on different views of reality and truth and leads to different goals for schools. The document suggests that combining aspects of the philosophies may be the best approach to education rather than relying solely on one.
PRAGMATISM
John Dewey (1859-1952) was an American philosopher who was a leading proponent of pragmatism. Pragmatism is a philosophy that emphasizes practical experience over abstract theorizing. It focuses on what works over theoretical correctness. Key principles of pragmatism include giving importance to action and experience, believing in change and growth through interaction and environment, and focusing on means rather than ends. Pragmatism rejects metaphysics and believes knowledge comes from experience. It also believes values are determined by the consequences of actions. Pragmatism influenced progressive education by emphasizing learning by doing, integrating subjects, and using methods like the project method.
Philosophy and education – chapter 8
This document discusses various philosophies and their implications for education. It defines key philosophical concepts like metaphysics, axiology, epistemology, and logic. It also outlines major schools of philosophy including idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism. Educational philosophies covered are perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and social reconstructionism. Psychological perspectives on learning like behaviorism, humanism, and constructivism are also defined. The document examines how these different philosophies influence approaches to teaching.
General and Educational Philosophies
This document discusses areas of general philosophy and educational philosophies. It outlines three areas of general philosophy: epistemology, which deals with the nature of knowledge; ontology, which deals with the nature of reality; and axiology, which deals with the nature of values. It then discusses four areas of educational philosophy: perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructivism.
Relationship between philosophy of teaching and teaching styles
The document discusses the relationship between a teacher's philosophy of teaching and their teaching style. It states that a teaching philosophy is a statement of one's beliefs about what is important in teaching and learning, while teaching style refers to a teacher's preferred way of presenting information, carrying out tasks, and making decisions. A teacher's philosophy guides the educational process by influencing their views on the nature of learners, subject matter, and how subject matter can guide meaningful learning. It also impacts the behaviors a teacher exhibits in the classroom.
What is philosophy
This document discusses four major educational philosophies - Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism, and Reconstructionism - and how they influence curriculum.
Perennialism advocates teaching timeless concepts and values through subjects like history, literature and philosophy. Essentialism focuses on teaching core academic subjects and traditional values. Progressivism emphasizes experiential, student-centered, collaborative and real-world learning. Reconstructionism believes education should analyze and address social problems to rebuild society.
Philosophy Fundamentals
Philosophy provides the foundation for educational philosophy. Educational philosophy helps educators interpret and direct their work in the classroom. There are several branches and elements of philosophy that influence education, including epistemology, which examines how knowledge is acquired, metaphysics which examines the nature of reality, and axiology which examines values and ethics. Educational philosophies aim to transmit cultural heritage, transform culture, and maximize human potential, and include perennialism, essentialism, behaviorism, progressivism, existentialism, reconstructivism, postmodernism, and social reconstructionism.
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Schools of philosophy and Education: Some basic Concepts
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Perennialism Presentation By Edwin Mugwira.pptx
Perennialism is an educational philosophy that emphasizes teaching ideas and concepts that are considered universally and eternally true. It originated from the works of philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, and Thomas Aquinas. A key belief of perennialism is that human nature remains constant, so the focus of education should be on teachings that have endured for centuries. Perennialist classrooms typically have a subject-centered curriculum and emphasize developing students' critical thinking skills through discussions of classic texts.
Idealism
Idealism is the oldest systematic philosophy in Western culture, beginning with Plato. It believes that ideas are the only true reality and material things only exist as mental constructions. Key aspects include emphasizing mind over matter, and that all knowledge comes from grasping ideas and concepts. Major proponents were Plato, Augustine, Descartes, and Hegel. Idealism aims to discover and develop individual abilities through education focused on reading, writing, history, literature, and using questioning to promote independent thinking. It sees the teacher as an exemplary model and culture's wisdom as central to the curriculum.
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CH 6_Philosophical roots of Education.pptx
Relate philosophy’s special terminology of metaphysics, epistemology, axiology, and
logic to education.
Appraise the relevance of idealism’s goal of intellectual and spiritual growth in
contemporary education and schools.
Explain realism’s emphasis on classifying and categorising subjects in the curriculum in
relation to its view of reality.
Design lessons based on pragmatist epistemology that apply the
scientific method for problem solving.
Generalise the existentialist belief that “existence
precedes essence” to learning and social
situations in high school.
Apply postmodernist deconstruction
to a chapter in a textbook that you
are using in a college course or to
a textbook in a subject that you
are teaching.
Construct curriculum
models that reflect
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Select three books that
meet the perennialist
criteria of a “great
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high school class in
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progressive
project method.
Appraise the critical
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This document discusses different philosophical foundations of education including idealism, realism, and pragmatism. It provides definitions and key aspects of each philosophy. Idealism views reality as a product of the mind and focuses on searching for truth through ideas. Realism believes the universe exists independently of the mind and that knowledge comes from our senses and experiences. Pragmatism sees truth as what is practical and useful, and focuses on solving problems through action and experience. The document also outlines goals of education, roles of teachers, and methods of instruction associated with each philosophical approach.
Western schools of philosophy
This document provides an overview of the philosophical school of idealism. It defines idealism as the belief that ideas or mind are the only true reality. The document outlines the key originators and forms of idealism in Western philosophy such as Plato, Socrates, Berkeley, Fichte, Hegel, and Kant. It discusses the metaphysical, epistemological, and axiological aspects of idealism and how it influences the aims, curriculum, methods, role of teachers and students, and implications for education. Idealism emphasizes spiritual development, intellectual enlightenment, and cultivating truth, goodness, and beauty in education.
Philosophical school of thought and their impact on education.pptx
This document discusses several philosophical schools of thought and their impact on education, including idealism, realism, and pragmatism. Idealism believes that ideas are the ultimate reality and truth can be found through abstract thinking. Realism asserts that objective reality exists independently of the mind and can be discovered through scientific observation. Pragmatism is a practical philosophy that assesses ideas based on their practical consequences and real-world applications. Each school of thought is associated with different views of curriculum, teaching methods, and the aims of education.
what is philosophy and a conversation with paulo
The conversation was between Paulo Freire, a renowned philosopher and educator, and two mathematics educators, Ubiratan D'Ambrosio and Maria Do Carmo Mendonça. Ubiratan asked Freire if he saw a "mathematical equivalent to literacy" or "mathemacy". Freire acknowledged he had not considered this before but now understands the importance of helping all people see themselves as "mathematicians". He believed mathematical literacy could help create citizenship. Freire emphasized starting education from students' existing knowledge and worldviews rather than imposing teachers' views. He discussed projects to strengthen democratic teaching practices and awareness needed for critical teaching, like recognizing change is difficult but possible. The conversation highlighted Fre
philosophical foundations of education
This document summarizes and compares four major philosophical foundations of education: idealism, realism, pragmatism, and existentialism. For each philosophy, it outlines the key thinkers, salient features, goals of education, the role of the teacher, methods of instruction, and curriculum. The philosophies differ in their views of truth, values, the nature of human beings, the purpose of knowledge, and the role of freedom in education. Idealism sees truth as revealed by a supreme force, realism views it as discovered through science, pragmatism sees it as practical and based on action, and existentialism believes truth is based on individual choice.
Philosophy, meaning and concept
This document provides an overview of philosophy including definitions, concepts, meaning, and importance. It defines philosophy as the rigorous analysis of difficult problems and the love of wisdom. Philosophy is considered the mother of all sciences and disciplines. It explains that philosophy is based on logic and reasoning according to Aristotle and Plato. The document emphasizes that philosophy is important because it provides the framework for understanding the world, satisfies curiosity, and helps develop ideologies to guide society. It concludes with a brief mention of Thales of Miletus as one of the earliest Greek philosophers.
The Philosophy of Education.ppt
1. The philosophy of education document outlines several philosophical perspectives on education including idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism, and neo-Marxism.
2. Idealists like Plato believe that education should move students toward abstract ideas and truth through dialogue and debate. Realists like Aristotle argue that knowledge comes from empirical study of the material world.
3. Pragmatists such as Dewey view education as a means to solve societal problems, with students learning through experience and projects. Existentialists focus on individual experience and choice. Neo-Marxists see education's role as empowering students to challenge capitalism.
4. Each philosophy shapes differing views of the
PhilosophIes of Education
The document discusses several philosophies of education including idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism/phenomenology, and neo-Marxism. Idealists like Plato believed that education helps move people towards truth and the good through dialogue and abstract ideas. Realists such as Aristotle focused on empirical research and logic to understand the world. Pragmatists like Dewey emphasized experiential and child-centered learning. Existentialists viewed education as a process of self-creation and choice. Neo-Marxists saw education's role as empowering students to critique and change society.
Realism
This document discusses different philosophies of realism and their implications for education. It addresses:
1) The different forms realism has taken throughout history including scholastic, humanistic, social, and sense realism.
2) The aims, curriculum, teaching methods, role of the teacher, and school organization associated with a realist philosophy of education. This includes an emphasis on studying the material world, science, and practical knowledge.
3) The key aspects of realist education are understanding reality through inquiry, a problem-centered and practical curriculum, and teaching methods focused on observation, experimentation, and mastery of facts. Schools should also reflect the real needs of society.
Philosophy
1. The document discusses several philosophies of education including idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism/phenomenology, and neo-Marxism.
2. Idealists like Plato believed that education could move people towards truth and the ultimate good through dialogue and abstract ideas. Realists like Aristotle focused on empirical research and logic to understand the world.
3. Pragmatists like Dewey viewed education as experiential and child-centered to meet the needs of students and society. Existentialists focused on individual experience and choice. Neo-Marxists saw education's role as empowering students to challenge capitalism.
4. Each philosophy's view of the
Philosophy
1. The document discusses different philosophies of education including idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism/phenomenology, and neo-Marxism.
2. Idealists like Plato believed that education could move people towards truth and the ultimate good through dialogue and abstract ideas. Realists like Aristotle focused on empirical research and logic to understand the world.
3. Pragmatists like Dewey viewed education as experiential and child-centered to meet the needs of students and society. Existentialists saw education as a personal process to help students understand themselves and their world. Neo-Marxists saw education's role as empowering students to critique and change society
Philosophy
1. The document discusses different philosophies of education including idealism, realism, pragmatism, existentialism/phenomenology, and neo-Marxism.
2. Idealists like Plato believed that education could move people towards truth and the ultimate good through dialogue and reasoning. Realists like Aristotle focused on empirical research and logic.
3. Pragmatists like Dewey viewed education as experiential and child-centered to meet the needs of society. Existentialists saw education as a personal process of self-creation and choice. Neo-Marxists saw education's role as empowering students to challenge capitalism.
4. Each philosophy's view of the teacher
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Perennialism
- 2. Perennial means “everlasting,” like a perennial flower that comes up year after year. Espousing the notion that some ideas have lasted over centuries and are as relevant today as when they were first conceived. ( Dr. V.K.Maheshwari).
- 3. • Philosophy of the perennialism and philosophers. • The main goal of perennialism. • Perennialism develop critical thought in class rooms
- 4. Truth and idea about education Golden age of Greece Perennialism loosed its influence Beginning of the industrial revolution
- 5. Secularism perennialism Religious perennialism Theistic perennialism
- 6. Metaphysics and real Epistemology: What Is True Ethics: What Is Good What Is Beautiful
- 7. Real, of education Curricular Emphasis Preferred Method Character Education
- 8. Perennialism culturally based Perennialism as authority and wisdom Perennialism challenge democratic inception
- 9. Thank you