Virtual manipulatives are computer-based simulations of physical objects that allow students to explore mathematical concepts. They have several benefits over physical manipulatives, including visual representations of abstract ideas, scaffolding of student learning, and active engagement through student-created problems. Popular websites for virtual manipulatives include the National Library of Virtual Manipulatives and Illuminations. According to theories of cognitive development and constructivism, virtual manipulatives can support students' learning as they develop reasoning skills and actively construct understanding.

1. Presented By Asha Hossain Virtual Manipulatives and Mathematics Education

2. What is Mathematics? Mathematics is the study of -Measurement -Relationships -Properties of quantities -Sets -Numbers and Symbols

3. Mathematics Education Mathematical knowledge and skills can be build through -Exploration -Investigation -Perseverance on complex tasks

4. Mathematics and Technology Technology is essential in teaching and learning mathematics as it influences mathematics that is taught and enhances students’ learning. (NCTM, 2000)

5. Benefits of Using Technology in Mathematics Classroom Cognitive connection that brings logic and reasoning Deeper mathematical understanding Higher levels of generalization & abstractions

6. Common Use of Technology in Math Classroom Animations Geometer’s Sketchpad Software Video-clips Spreadsheets PowerPoint Scientific and Graphic Calculator Virtual Manipulatives Computer-assisted Instructional (CAI) Technology

7. Manipulatives Manipulatives are blocks, algebra tiles, cubes, rods, fraction pieces, and pattern blocks that are used in mathematics classes for students to make meaning of abstract ideas and symbols. (Manches, Claire, Benford, 2009)

8. Uses of Manipulatives Manipulative can be used to develop -Conceptual understanding -Problem solving skills -Connect mathematical ideas -Promote attention -Increase motivation

9. Concrete Vs. Virtual Manipulatives Concrete Manipulatives are physical objects students can manipulate to explore and develop an understanding of mathematical concepts. Virtual Manipulatives are computer-based simulations of physical manipulatives that can be accessed through the internet or computer software.

10. Virtual Manipulatives Blocks Tangrams Spinners Rulers Fraction Bars Algebra Tiles Geoboards Geometric Plane Solid Figures

11. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development -Manipulative can be used to provide support in learning from concrete to abstract reasoning Theory of Constructivism -Interaction with the material they are learning allows active construction of knowledge and understanding through problem solving.(Felder, 2002).

12. Why Virtual Manipulatives? Visual representation of abstract mathematical ideas (Highlight conceptual understanding) Scaffold student learning Actively engage students in learning process

13. Allows students to interact, create, and solve problems created on their own Immediate feedback regarding their actions Ease of access from anywhere ( Home and School)

14. Virtual Manipulatives Websites National Library of Virtual Manipulatives http://nlvm.usu.edu/ -Project of National Science Foundation -Developed in year 1999 -Interactive, web-based virtual manipulatives in the form of Java applets -Created to provide student engagement in mathematics learning, visualize mathematical concepts and relationships

16. Virtual Manipulatives Websites Illuminations http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivitySearch.aspx

17. Virtual Manipulatives Websites Math Playground http://www.mathplayground.com/math_manipulatives.html

18. Virtual Manipulatives Websites Explore Learning http://www.explorelearning.com/

19. Learning Mathematics With Technology

20. References Manches, A., Claire O., Malley, Benford S. (2009) The role of physical representations in solving number problems: A comparison of young children’s use of physical and virtual material. Computer and Education. 54, 622-640. Moyer, P.S. (2001) Are we having fun yet? How teachers use Manipulatives to teacher mathematics . Educational Studies in Mathematics . 47(2), 175-197. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: Author