This document discusses landscape strategies to protect oceans from plastic waste. It begins by providing background on plastic waste and how it ends up in oceans. It then discusses three main strategies - infrastructure, education, and sustainability. For infrastructure, it explores ways to redesign drainage systems and implement filtering technologies to prevent plastic from reaching waterways. For education, it considers designs that can impact behaviors and reduce waste. For sustainability, it examines models for managing waste sustainably at the community scale. It concludes by outlining SWA's guidelines for ocean waste reduction in professional design practice.

1. Guardian of Ocean
Landscape Strategies to Protect the Oceans from Plastic Waste
SWA San Francisco
Sam (Yu-Sheng) Dent

2. CONTENTS
1. PLASTIC RESEARCH
2. LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES
3. PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE

3. Data source:
1. Ellen MacArthur Foundation & World Economic Forum : http://www3.weforum.org/
docs/WEF_The_New_Plastics_Economy.pdf
2. National Geographic: Young Architect Competition / Plastic Monument :
https://www.youngarchitectscompetitions.com/competition/plastic-monument#jury
15 MILLION TONS 311 MILLION TONS
IN 2050, THERE WILL BE MORE
PLASTIC IN OCEAN THAN FISH....

4. MAKING OF SINGLE USE PLASTIC
CONSUM
ED
IN
CITY
9%RECYCLED
75.4% DISPOSED
OILFRECKING
LANDSCAPE OCEAN
8 MILLION TONS
CITY
MISMANAGED PLASTIC WASTE
DUMPED IN OCEAN ANNUALly
PLA
STIC
OIL
Data source:
1. Ellen MacArthur Foundation & World Economic Forum : http://www3.weforum.org/
docs/WEF_The_New_Plastics_Economy.pdfOCEAN PLASTIC WASTE CYCLE

5. ORIGIN OF OCEAN PLASTIC : MAP OF THE WORLD PLASTIC FLOW
Data source:
1. The Ocean Cleanup : https://theoceancleanup.com/research/
2. River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans : https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611
3. A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean : https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372/full
4. Plastics recycling worldwide: current overview and desirable changes : https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/5102

6. Data source:
1. The Ocean Cleanup : https://theoceancleanup.com/research/
2. River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans : https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611
3. A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean : https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372/full
4. Plastics recycling worldwide: current overview and desirable changes : https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/5102
ORIGIN OF OCEAN PLASTIC : MAP OF THE WORLD PLASTIC FLOW

7. Data source:
1. The Ocean Cleanup : https://theoceancleanup.com/research/
2. River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans : https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611
3. A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean : https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372/full
4. Plastics recycling worldwide: current overview and desirable changes : https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/5102
ORIGIN OF OCEAN PLASTIC : MAP OF THE WORLD PLASTIC FLOW

8. Data source:
1. The Ocean Cleanup : https://theoceancleanup.com/research/
2. River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans : https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611
3. A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean : https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372/full
4. Plastics recycling worldwide: current overview and desirable changes : https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/5102
ORIGIN OF OCEAN PLASTIC : MAP OF THE WORLD PLASTIC FLOW

9. Data source:
1. The Ocean Cleanup : https://theoceancleanup.com/research/
2. River plastic emissions to the world’s oceans : https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611
3. A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean : https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372/full
4. Plastics recycling worldwide: current overview and desirable changes : https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/5102
ORIGIN OF OCEAN PLASTIC : MAP OF THE WORLD PLASTIC FLOW

10. Data source:
1. The Ocean Cleanup : THE EXPONENTIAL INCREASE OF THE GREAT PACIFIC GARBAGE PATCH :
https://theoceancleanup.com/updates/the-exponential-increase-of-the-great-pacific-garbage-patch/
2. The Ocean Cleanup : Evidence that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly accumulating plastic
https://theoceancleanup.com/scientific-publications/evidence-that-the-great-pacific-garbage-patch-is-rapidly-accumulating-plastic/
ORIGIN OF OCEAN PLASTIC : GREAT PACIFIC PLASTIC PATCH

11. HOW PLASTIC GETS INTO OCEAN : RAIN AND RIVER IS MAJOR SOURCE OF OCEAN PLASTIC INPUT
Data source:
Nature Communication : River plastic emissions
to the world’s oceans:
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611

12. HOW PLASTIC GETS INTO OCEAN : RAIN AND RIVER IS MAJOR SOURCE OF OCEAN PLASTIC INPUT
Data source:
Nature Communication : River plastic emissions
to the world’s oceans:
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms15611

13. Data source:
National Geographic /Planet or Plastic / What Happens to the Plastic We Throw
Out:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/06/the-journey-of-plas-
tic-around-the-globe/?fbclid=IwAR08AnOaV_Ooguu0hT9JCRYLwikViWALHvob-
WQF60YO5QNGRyxn85weJ8KE
HOW PLASTIC GETS INTO OCEAN : CITIES ALONG RIVERS ARE THE SOURCE OF OCEAN PLASTIC

14. HOW PLASTIC GETS INTO OCEAN : URBAN WATERFRONT IS FRONTLINE OF OCEAN PLASTIC INPUT

15. Data source:
OCEAN CLEANUP: A Methodology to Characterize Riverine Macroplastic Emission Into the Ocean :
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2018.00372/fullHOW PLASTIC GETS INTO OCEAN : SAIGON RIVER PLASTIC WASTE SAMPLING

16. Data source:
1.Finance time : Why the world’s recycling system stopped working
https://www.ft.com/content/360e2524-d71a-11e8-a854-33d6f82e62f8WORLD PLASTIC DYNAMIC : CHINA IS WORLD PLASTIC RECYCLE FACTORY

17. Data source:
1.Finance time : Why the world’s recycling system stopped working
https://www.ft.com/content/360e2524-d71a-11e8-a854-33d6f82e62f8WORLD PLASTIC DYNAMIC : CHINA IS “NO MORE” WORLD PLASTIC RECYCLE FACTORY

18. LANDSCAPE STRATEGIES

19. PLASTIC WASTE SOLUTION_SCOPE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

20. PLASTIC WASTE SOLUTION_SCOPE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

21. PLASTIC WASTE SOLUTION_SCOPE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

22. PLASTIC WASTE SOLUTION_SCOPE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

23. INFRASTRUCTURE
REDESIGN INFRASTRUCTURE TO PREVENT PLASTIC FROM REACHING THE OCEAN

24. CURB INLET COVERS
CATCH BASIN OUTLET FILTER CATCH BASIN HOOD
DATA SOURCE:
EPA : Trash-Free Waters https://www.epa.gov/trash-free-waters/clean-water-act-and-trash-free-waters#tmdls
INFRASTRUCTURE : EXISTING TRASH FILTER TECHNOLOGY - SEWER

25. LITTER BOOM OCEANCLEANUP INTERCEPTOR
TRASH TRAP NETTING SYSTEM
DATA SOURCE:
1. EPA : Trash-Free Waters_https://www.epa.gov/trash-free-waters/clean-water-act-and-trash-free-waters#tmdls
2. OCEANCLEANUP : INTERCEPTOR _ https://theoceancleanup.com/rivers/
INFRASTRUCTURE : EXISTING TRASH FILTER TECHNOLOGY - RIVER

26. INFRASTRUCTURE : URBAN DRAINAGE TYPOLOGY STUDY

27. TRASH HOT SPOT
TRASH HOT SPOT
INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SHANGHAI HUNGPU RIVER
DATA SOURCE:
SASAKI : SHAPING SHANGHAI’S URBAN GROWTH
_http://www.sasaki.com/blog/view/731/

28. TRASH HOT SPOT
TRASH HOT SPOT
INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SHANGHAI HUNGPU RIVER
DATA SOURCE:
SASAKI : SHAPING SHANGHAI’S URBAN GROWTH
_http://www.sasaki.com/blog/view/731/

29. INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SHANGHAI HUNGPU RIVER

30. INFRASTRUCTURE : WATERFRONT FILTER SYSTEM - HARD EDGE

31. INFRASTRUCTURE : WATERFRONT FILTER SYSTEM - HARD EDGE

32. INFRASTRUCTURE : WATERFRONT FILTER SYSTEM - SOFT EDGE

33. INFRASTRUCTURE : WATERFRONT FILTER SYSTEM - SOFT EDGE

34. INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SAN FRANCISCO
DATA SOURCE:
1.THE MADRINA GROUP: SF WATERSHED_http://www.madrinagroup.org/Panel8.html
2.LITTERATI_ https://map.litterati.org/globalmap/

35. DATA SOURCE:
1.THE MADRINA GROUP: SF WATERSHED_http://www.madrinagroup.org/Panel8.html
2.LITTERATI_ https://map.litterati.org/globalmap/
INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SAN FRANCISCO

36. TRASH
HO
T
SPO
T
DATA SOURCE:
1.THE MADRINA GROUP: SF WATERSHED_http://www.madrinagroup.org/Panel8.html
2.LITTERATI_ https://map.litterati.org/globalmap/
INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SAN FRANCISCO

37. INFRASTRUCTURE : CASE STUDY - SAN FRANCISCO

38. INFRASTRUCTURE : STREETSCAPE FILTER SYSTEM

39. INFRASTRUCTURE : STREETSCAPE FILTER SYSTEM

40. ACKNOWLEDGE
PLASTIC WASTE
WITHIN URBAN
DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
1
INFRASTRUCTURE : FRAMEWORK PLANNING FOR DIFFERENT SITE CONDITION

41. ACKNOWLEDGE
PLASTIC WASTE
WITHIN URBAN
DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
FIND OUT
PLASTIC WASTE
HOT SPOT
1 2
INFRASTRUCTURE : FRAMEWORK PLANNING FOR DIFFERENT SITE CONDITION

42. ACKNOWLEDGE
PLASTIC WASTE
WITHIN URBAN
DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
FIND OUT
PLASTIC WASTE
HOT SPOT
OVERLAY WITH
URBAN DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
1 2 3
INFRASTRUCTURE : FRAMEWORK PLANNING FOR DIFFERENT SITE CONDITION

43. ACKNOWLEDGE
PLASTIC WASTE
WITHIN URBAN
DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
FIND OUT
PLASTIC WASTE
HOT SPOT
OVERLAY WITH
URBAN DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
DESIGN
CUSTOMIZED
WASTE
SOLUTIONS
1 2 3 4
INFRASTRUCTURE : FRAMEWORK PLANNING FOR DIFFERENT SITE CONDITION

44. EDUCATION
DESIGN TO IMPACT BEHAVIOR AND REDUCE WASTE FROM SOURCE

45. EDUCATION : SKYSCRAPER by STUDIOKCA
Data source:
STUDIOKCA: Skyscraper(the Bruges Whale) : http://studiokca.com/projects/skyscraper-the-bruges-whale/
TRI180510_25_1/

46. EDUCATION : by PLASTIC ROAD
Data source:
Plastic Road : https://www.plasticroad.eu/en/

47. EDUCATION : DESIGN WITH PRODUCTS THAT HELPS PEOPLE BETTER AT CONTROLING WASTE

48. SUSTAINABILITY
DESIGN TO MANAGE WASTE AS SUSTAINABLE MODEL

49. SUSTAINABILITY : WASTE MANAGEMENT MODEL STUDY

50. SUSTAINABILITY : COMMUNITY SCALE WASTE MANAGEMENT + PARK MA MANAGEMENT
+

51. SUSTAINABILITY : SPECS PRODUCTS THAT HAVE MINIMUM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

52. PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
SWA WASTE REDUCTION DESIGN GUIDELINE :
DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT

53. SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT
SITE CONCEPT
DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION POST SITE
MANAGEMENT
INFRASTRUCTURAL EDUCATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY

54. SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT
SITE CONCEPT
DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION POST SITE
MANAGEMENT
WATERSHED &
WASTE HOT SPOT
RESEARCH
1
2
PROPOSE
WASTE
REDUCTION
STRATEGIES
INFRASTRUCTURAL EDUCATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY

55. SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT
SITE CONCEPT
DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION POST SITE
MANAGEMENT
WATERSHED &
WASTE HOT SPOT
RESEARCH
DESIGN WASTE
INTERCEPT SYSTEM
DESIGN
EDUCATIONAL
LANDSCAPE
FEATURES
1 1
2 2
PROPOSE
WASTE
REDUCTION
STRATEGIES
INFRASTRUCTURAL EDUCATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY

56. SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT
SITE CONCEPT
DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION POST SITE
MANAGEMENT
SPEC
SUSTAINABLE
FURNITURE
PRODUCTS
WATERSHED &
WASTE HOT SPOT
RESEARCH
DESIGN WASTE
INTERCEPT SYSTEM
DESIGN
EDUCATIONAL
LANDSCAPE
FEATURES
1 1 1
2 2
PROPOSE
WASTE
REDUCTION
STRATEGIES
SPEC
DRINKING
FOUNTAIN &
RECYCLE
BINS
2
INFRASTRUCTURAL EDUCATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY

57. SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT
SITE CONCEPT
DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION POST SITE
MANAGEMENT
SPEC
SUSTAINABLE
FURNITURE
PRODUCTS
WASTE
BALANCE
CONSTRUCTION
WATERSHED &
WASTE HOT SPOT
RESEARCH
DESIGN WASTE
INTERCEPT SYSTEM
DESIGN
EDUCATIONAL
LANDSCAPE
FEATURES
1 1 1 1
2 2
PROPOSE
PARK / WASTE
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
1
PROPOSE
WASTE
REDUCTION
STRATEGIES
SPEC
DRINKING
FOUNTAIN &
RECYCLE
BINS
2
INFRASTRUCTURAL EDUCATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY

58. SITE CONCEPT
DESIGN
SCHEMATIC
DESIGN
DESIGN
DEVELOPMENT
CONSTRUCTION POST SITE
MANAGEMENT
SPEC
SUSTAINABLE
FURNITURE
PRODUCTS
WASTE
BALANCE
CONSTRUCTION
WATERSHED &
WASTE HOT SPOT
RESEARCH
DESIGN WASTE
INTERCEPT SYSTEM
DESIGN
EDUCATIONAL
LANDSCAPE
FEATURES
1 1 1 1
2 2
SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : DESIGN TO PROTECT OCEAN AND ENVIRONMENT
PROPOSE
PARK / WASTE
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
1
PROPOSE
WASTE
REDUCTION
STRATEGIES
SPEC
DRINKING
FOUNTAIN &
RECYCLE
BINS
2
MARKETING SUSTAINABILITY PROPOSAL PARTNERSHIP
WASTE MANAGEMENT / CIVIL ENGINEERING
/PARK MANAGEMENT
1 2 3
INFRASTRUCTURAL EDUCATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY

59. SWA OCEAN WASTE REDUCTION PRACTICE GUIDELINE : TEAR SHEET SAMPLE

60. THANK YOU
Annette Poliwka, Sustainability & Corporate Responsibility Strategist
Joe Hunter, Michelle Byle, Method Products Inc
Cody Anderson, Sherwood Design Engineers
Rene Bihan, Anya Domlesky, Daniel Affleck, Jen Hung, SWA Group