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Pablo Bode
Use of the passive voice
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not
important or not known, however, who or what is performing the
action.
 Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was
stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active
voice, as the following example shows:
 Example: A mistake was made.
Form of the passive verb
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular
verbs)
Example: A letter was written.
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive
sentence
the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive
sentence (or is dropped)
Structure of the verb
Tenses
Present simple
Past simple

Examples
The door is opened by him
I was hit by somebody

Present perfect

The painting has been stolen

Past perfect simple

The key had been lost by us

Future with will

The contract will be signed by our boss

Going to future

The aren´t going to be easily convinced

Modal verb

All the cakes must have been eaten
The gold medal can be won by me
The windows should be cleaned
Active to passive transformation.
Changes in the sentence
 The object of the active sentence becomes the subject

of the passive.
 The main verb is replaced by the auxiliary “to be” at
the same time along the main verb participle.
 The subject of the main clause becomes the passive
agent addition.
Examples active to passive
Active

Passive

One of the office clerks posted the
letters

The letters were posted

Someone broke the class window

The class window was broken

John ended the book last week

The book was ended last week

She answers my questions

My questions was answered by she

We invited him to the party

He was invited to the party

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Passive voice

  • 2. Use of the passive voice Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.  Example: My bike was stolen. In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it. Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:  Example: A mistake was made.
  • 3. Form of the passive verb Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs) Example: A letter was written. When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following: the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle) the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)
  • 4. Structure of the verb Tenses Present simple Past simple Examples The door is opened by him I was hit by somebody Present perfect The painting has been stolen Past perfect simple The key had been lost by us Future with will The contract will be signed by our boss Going to future The aren´t going to be easily convinced Modal verb All the cakes must have been eaten The gold medal can be won by me The windows should be cleaned
  • 5. Active to passive transformation. Changes in the sentence  The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive.  The main verb is replaced by the auxiliary “to be” at the same time along the main verb participle.  The subject of the main clause becomes the passive agent addition.
  • 6. Examples active to passive Active Passive One of the office clerks posted the letters The letters were posted Someone broke the class window The class window was broken John ended the book last week The book was ended last week She answers my questions My questions was answered by she We invited him to the party He was invited to the party