The document discusses the passive voice, including its use when the focus is on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It provides examples of active and passive sentences. It also describes the structure of the passive verb, including tense formations. It notes that when changing an active sentence to passive, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence, and the subject of the active sentence typically becomes the object or is dropped in the passive form.

1. Pablo Bode

2. Use of the passive voice
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not
important or not known, however, who or what is performing the
action.
 Example: My bike was stolen.
In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was
stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active
voice, as the following example shows:
 Example: A mistake was made.

3. Form of the passive verb
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular
verbs)
Example: A letter was written.
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive
sentence
the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive
sentence (or is dropped)

4. Structure of the verb
Tenses
Present simple
Past simple
Examples
The door is opened by him
I was hit by somebody
Present perfect
The painting has been stolen
Past perfect simple
The key had been lost by us
Future with will
The contract will be signed by our boss
Going to future
The aren´t going to be easily convinced
Modal verb
All the cakes must have been eaten
The gold medal can be won by me
The windows should be cleaned

5. Active to passive transformation.
Changes in the sentence
 The object of the active sentence becomes the subject
of the passive.
 The main verb is replaced by the auxiliary “to be” at
the same time along the main verb participle.
 The subject of the main clause becomes the passive
agent addition.

6. Examples active to passive
Active
Passive
One of the office clerks posted the
letters
The letters were posted
Someone broke the class window
The class window was broken
John ended the book last week
The book was ended last week
She answers my questions
My questions was answered by she
We invited him to the party
He was invited to the party