The document discusses pancreatitis and peritonitis. It defines the pancreas and its anatomy. It describes acute and chronic pancreatitis, their causes, signs and symptoms, and complications. It also discusses the peritoneum, its anatomy, types of peritonitis including their causes, symptoms, etiology and pathogenesis.

1. KARAGANDA STATE MEDICAL
UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT :- PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY NO. – 2
TOPIC – PANCREATITIS AND PERITONITIS
MADE BY – SAINI VIJAY KUMAR
(3016 a)

2. PANCREAS

3. PANCREAS ANATOMY
2 Parts -
• Exocrine
• Endocrine
Length – 15cm
Weight – 100gm
• Subdivided into 3 topographic
zones:-
1. Head
2. Body
3. Tail

4. Pancreatitis

5. PANCREATITIS
• It is inflammation of pancreas.
• Acinic cell injury
Classification -
Acute pancreatitis
Chronic pancreatitis

6. Causes of pancreatitis -

7. Acute pancreatitis -

8. Acute pancreatitis -
• This condition occurs in adults between the age of 40 and 70 years .
• It is common in females than males.
• Onset – sudden

9. Signs and symptoms
• Abdominal pain (cardinal symptom)
• Anorexia
• Diarrhea
• Fever
• Rapid pulse
• Nausea
• Vomiting

10. Pathogenesis ;-

11. Complication -
Systemic complication –
1) Chemical and bacterial peritonitis
2) Endotoxic shock
3) Acute and renal failure
Local complication –
1) Pancreatic abscess
2) Pancreatic pseudocyst
3) Duodenal obstruction

12. Chronic pancreatitis -

13. Chronic
pancreatitis :-

14. Chronic pancreatitis -

16. Complication of chronic pancreatic-

17. Treatment of
pancreatitis -

18. peritonitis

19. Peritonitis -

20. Anatomy peritoneum -
• The peritoneum is the largest and most complex serous membrane in
the body. It forms a closed sac (ie, coelom).
• anterior and lateral :- the interior surfaces of the abdominal wall.
• posterior :- the boundary to the retroperitoneum.
• inferior :- the extraperitoneal structures in the pelvis.
• superior :- covering the undersurface of the diaphragm.

21. peritoneal surface

22. Sclerosing
peritonitis:-

23. Causes of peritonitis -

24. Common symptoms of peritonitis include:
1. tenderness in your abdomen.
2. pain in your abdomen that gets more intense with motion or touch.
3. abdominal bloating or distention.
4. nausea and vomiting.
5. diarrhea.
6. constipation or the inability to pass gas.
7. minimal urine output.
8. anorexia, or loss of appetite.

25. Etiology -
• The etiology of disease depends on the type, as well as location, of
peritonitis, as follows:
• Primary peritonitis
• Secondary peritonitis
• Tertiary peritonitis
• Chemical peritonitis
• Peritoneal abscess

26. Pathogenesisof peritonitis;-