This document provides strategies for making pair and group work effective in language teaching. It discusses why group work is important in a communicative language approach, as it allows for interaction, task-based learning, and focuses on meaning over exact grammar. Some challenges of group work include students speaking only in their native language, noise, lack of participation or understanding of tasks. Suggested strategies to address these challenges include enforcing an English-only rule, assigning student roles, clear instructions, and follow-up activities. The document also discusses learner-centered classrooms and different group configurations and techniques like jigsaw that promote participation.

1. Making Pair Work and Group Work
Effective
Strategies to overcome the challenges

2. Why is Group Work Important?
Most descriptions of Communicative Language Teaching
encourage teachers to use pair work and group work during their
lessons. Why do you that that is?

3. Communicative Approach
• Interaction is the means and the goal
• Learning is task-based
• Meaning/understanding the message is more important than
exact grammar
• Authentic materials are used
• Many answers are possible
• Mistakes are a part of learning

4. Types of Communicative Activities
• Role plays
• Interviews
• Information gap
• Games
• Surveys
• Debates
• Pair work
• Drama
• Learn by teaching

5. Teacher-Centered vs. Learner-Centered
Classrooms
Teacher-centered: the teacher is the focus and takes responsibility
for everything - analyzing ideas, organizing information,
explaining rules, correcting mistakes
Learner-centered: students work independently; more responsible
for activities; focus on communicating with each other and the
teacher

6. Learner-Centered classrooms are better
-Just listening to the teacher doesn’t prepare students
enough to use English
-Students practicing English in pairs and groups will help
them understand and remember new information better
-Just listening to the teacher all the time is boring!
Students lose motivation
Boring

7. Video Clip : SEE or DON’T SEE
1. Students always sitting in rows, facing teacher.
2. Students in groups.
3. Students in teams.
4. Students learning through games.
5. Students being tested through games.
6. All student groups writing the same thing.
7. The teacher giving feedback to the students.
8. Students giving feedback to each other.

8. The Challenges
#1: Students only speak in Portuguese
Strategies:
-Teacher very strict about English-only in the classroom.
-Close monitoring of pair work & group work.
-Providing incentives for students/groups who only use English in
class - candy, extra homework points.

9. The Challenges
#2: Students make too much noise, are out of
control
Strategies:
-Use a “quiet signal” to maintain control. It can be raised hand, a
clap, light turn off/on
-Set strong and clear guidelines about classroom behavior from the
beginning
-Assign a student monitor(s) to keep control

10. The Challenges
#3: Students don’t complete activity; they are bored
Strategies:
-Know your learners! Always search for choose and design group
work activities with their motivation in mind.
-Each student given a “job” in the group - ex. Secretary,
spokesperson, task control, etc
-Follow-up reports, summaries to be given

11. The Challenges
#4: Some students don’t participate
Strategies:
-Give students who generally don’t participate the job of
“spokesperson” in the group
-Use “toothpicks” as a tool to control participation. Each student
receives 6 and must use 1 toothpick every time they speak
-Pair up two “quiet” students together

12. The Challenges
#5: Students don’t understand directions
Strategies:
-Prepare and practice giving simple, clear instructions. Repeat
many times.
-If students really don’t understand, it’s okay to use Portuguese,
but try to avoid it
-Have one student who understands, explain directions to the
class; very motivating

13. The Challenges
#6: One group finishes before the others
Strategies:
-Prepare a back-up activity for groups who finish early
-Use members of fast group as “teacher helpers” for the groups with
difficulties
-Carefully check over group’s completed work and correct or have
them expand on ideas

14. Different Combinations of Group Work
Some suggestions about what usually
works best….
 Pairs - dialogue practice,vocabularly drills
and grammar review
 Groups of 5 - problem solving activities
 Groups of 4 - introductions and social
interactions
 Groups of 3 - discussions

15. Effective Technique: Jigsaw
-Students work in “learning” groups to understand a particular topic
well
-New groups are formed called “teaching” groups where each
member comes from a different learning group
-Each member of the new teaching group is responsible for teaching
their topic
Benefits: prevents “slacking off,” everyone participates, a lot of
material is addressed

16. Now it’s your turn…
- In small groups or
pairs, design a pair
work or group work
activity for your
students using only
this photo as your
classroom material.
- Use your creativity!

17.  76 Ideas for Group Work in English, from Simon Midgely,
Raising Achievement in Schools.
http://www.simonmidgley.co.uk/talklearn/groupwork.htm
 Group Work Lesson Plans, from Lesson Planet.
http://www.lessonplanet.com/search?keywords=group+work&rating=3
 Jigsaw Group Work, from LeMill, Teemu Leiononen and Hans
Põldoja.
http://lemill.net/methods/jigsaw-group-work/view
Suggested Group Work Resources

18. Questions & Feedback
 What questions do you have about using
group work and pair work effectively? Other
feedback about what works and what
doesn’t?

19. Thank you!