PACE-IT: Operation System Features

Windows
operating system
features.

Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College
Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications
 PC Hardware
 Network Administration
 IT Project Management
 Network Design
 User Training
 IT Troubleshooting
Qualifications Summary
Education
 M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University
 B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University
Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger
with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues
into efficient and effective solutions.
Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse
workforces, improving processes, analyzing
business needs and creating the solutions
required— with a focus on technology.

32-bit vs. 64-bit operating system.
– File structure.
– Core components.
– Upgrade path.
PACE-IT.

Windows operating system features.

Dependent on hardware.
» Processor and motherboard.
– 32-bit operating system (OS).
» Max addressable RAM is 4 GB.
» Can only run 32-bit software.
» Was most common in the past.
» Is not as robust as 64-bit.
– 64-bit OS.
» Max addressable RAM is 192 GB.
» Can run both 32-bit and 64-bit software.
» Is becoming the most common OS.
» Far more robust and faster at multitasking.

OS Version RAM 32-Bit RAM 64-Bit Max Processors
XP
Home 4 GB N/A 1
Professional 4 GB N/A 1
Media Center 4 GB N/A 1
64-bit Pro 4 GB 128 GB 2
Vista
Home Basic 4 GB 8 GB 1
Home Premium 4 GB 16 GB 1
Business 4 GB 128 GB 2
Enterprise 4 GB 128 GB 2
Ultimate 4 GB 128 GB 2
7
Starter 2 GB N/A 1
Home Premium 4 GB 16 GB 1
Professional 4 GB 192 GB 2
Enterprise 4 GB 192 GB 2
Ultimate 4 GB 192 GB 2

FAT (file allocation table).
» How files and data are distributed on the hard drive.
» Legacy, was developed in 1977.
» Original development was 8-bit.
– Limited capabilities.
» Max partition = 4 GB.
» Max file size = 2 GB.
– FAT32.
» 32-bit implementation.
» Common usage today is in removable media.
» Better capabilities, but still limited; max partition = 32 GB
and max file size of 4 GB.
» No file level security.

NTFS (New Technology File System).
» Microsoft proprietary.
» More secure; allows for native drive encryption as well as
file and folder permissions.
» More efficient than FAT32.
» Native compression.
» Some fault tolerance; NTFS can recognize and recover
from some disk related errors without user intervention.
» Larger capacity; allows for much larger drives and file
sizes.

Administrative tools.
» Available from the Control Panel; it is used to configure
and troubleshoot the system.
– Backup.
» Used to backup data and systems; it can assist in the
recovery efforts after a system has crashed.
– Compatibility mode.
» Used to run programs that need an earlier version of the
OS to operate correctly.
– Event viewer.
» Applet that checks system logs for errors and events.

Join domain.
» Allows a system to join a network that has central
controls and permissions.
– Offline files.
» User can take a file offline and, when reconnected to the
network, the file is re-synced.
– System restore.
» Rolls a system back to a previous state; files are not
affected; useful for when an installation causes a stability
issue.
– Windows defender.
» Protects against malware.

Windows firewall.
» Stand alone software firewall that protects a PC from
attacks.
– Aero.
» Graphics enhancement introduced in Windows Vista and
improved on in Windows 7.
– User Account Control (UAC).
» Security control introduced in Vista; it separates
administrative control from normal user accounts.
– Gadgets.
» Mini-programs (apps) that can be added to the sidebar in
Windows Vista and to the desktop in Windows 7.

BitLocker.
» Whole drive encryption; very secure. Cannot use
compression with encryption; you get one or the other.
– Shadow Copy.
» Used by Windows OS to create a copy of a file, even
when the file is in use; can be configured to store the
copy in almost any location.
– ReadyBoost.
» Windows component that allows the use fast external
storage (think USB) to act as as additional RAM to boost
system performance. The external storage must be
configured for ReadyBoost.

Upgrade.
» Moving from one edition or version of an OS to another; all
programs and files are retained.
» Old system information is retained in windows.old file.
– Upgrade path.
» XP can be upgraded to Vista.
» Vista can be upgraded to 7.
» XP cannot be upgraded directly to 7.
» 32-bit can only be upgraded to 32-bit.
» 64-bit can only be upgraded to 64-bit.
» Can only upgrade to the same edition or higher (e.g., home
premium to home premium).
– Moving to a new physical box.
» Windows Easy Transfer: consumer grade tool that eases the
transition to a new PC.
» User State Migration Tool: enterprise grade transition tool that
can be highly customized and automated.

The 32-bit OS has severe RAM limitations; was the standard in the past.
The 64-bit OS is more robust and flexible.
Topic
32-bit vs. 64-bit operating
system.
Summary
FAT is now legacy; its only practical use is in removable media. NTFS is
more secure and fault tolerant.File structure.
Many components are common across different versions and editions of
Windows OS; as the OS matures, more core components are added.Core components.
32-bit to 32-bit and 64-bit to 64-bit only; upgrades must be to same edition
or higher. XP cannot be upgraded directly to Windows 7.Upgrade path.

This workforce solution was 100 percent funded by a $3 million grant awarded by the
U.S. Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration. The solution was
created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S.
Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or
assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including
any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the
information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability
or ownership. Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training
Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53.
PACE-IT is an equal opportunity employer/program and auxiliary aids and services are
available upon request to individuals with disabilities. For those that are hearing
impaired, a video phone is available at the Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD)
office in Mountlake Terrace Hall 159. Check www.edcc.edu/ssd for office hours. Call
425.354.3113 on a video phone for more information about the PACE-IT program. For
any additional special accommodations needed, call the SSD office at 425.640.1814.
Edmonds Community College does not discriminate on the basis of race; color; religion;
national origin; sex; disability; sexual orientation; age; citizenship, marital, or veteran
status; or genetic information in its programs and activities.

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